Ma’aikata
Sana’ar jagoran ta ba ta da yawa. A baya can, mawaƙin da kansa ya yi rawar da shugaban ƙungiyar mawaƙa ya yi, mawaƙin violin ko mawaƙin da ya buga kaɗe-kaɗe. A wancan zamani, madugu sun yi ba tare da sanda ba. Bukatar shugaban ƙungiyar makaɗa ya taso a ƙarshen karni na 19, lokacin da adadin mawaƙa ya karu, kuma ba za su iya jin juna a zahiri ba. Wadanda suka kafa gudanarwa a matsayin fasahar fasaha sune Beethoven, Wagner da Mendelssohn. A yau, adadin membobin ƙungiyar mawaƙa na iya kaiwa zuwa mutane 120. Shi ne jagoran wanda ke ƙayyade daidaituwa, sauti, da kuma ra'ayin aikin gaba ɗaya.
Shahararrun masu gudanarwa na sikelin duniya
Mafi kyawun masu gudanarwa na duniya sun cancanci samun wannan lakabi, saboda sun sami damar ba da sabon sauti ga ayyukan da suka saba, sun iya "fahimta" mawallafin, gabatar da fasalin zamanin da marubucin ya yi aiki, yana nuna jin dadi tare da jituwa na sautuna da taɓa kowane mai sauraro. Bai isa ya kasance shugaban ƙungiyar makaɗa ba don ƙungiyar mawaƙa za su iya shigar da bayanan cikin lokaci. Jagora ba wai kawai saita bugun opera da kari ba. Yana aiki a matsayin mai rikodin rikodi, yana ɗaukar aiki don isar da daidai kamar yadda zai yiwu yanayin marubucin kansa, ma'anar da mahaliccin ya so ya raba tare da masu sauraro, don ƙoƙarin fahimtar da kuma farfado da "ruhu na aikin". Wadannan halaye ne ke sa madugu ya zama hazaka. Jerin shahararrun masu jagoranci a duniya ya ƙunshi irin waɗannan mutane.Нееме Ярви (Neeme Järvi) |
Ranar Haihuwar Kogin Cape 07.06.1937 Jagorar Sana'a Ƙasar USSR, Amurka Ya karanta wasan kaɗe-kaɗe da koyar da waƙoƙi a kwalejin kiɗa na Tallinn (1951-1955), kuma bayan haka ya danganta makomarsa da Leningrad Conservatory na dogon lokaci. A nan, N. Rabinovich (1955-1960) shi ne shugabansa a cikin aji na wasan opera da wasan kwaikwayo. Sa'an nan, har zuwa 1966, matasa shugaba inganta postgraduate karatu tare da E. Mravinsky da N. Rabinovich. Koyaya, azuzuwan ba su hana Yarvi fara aiki mai amfani ba. Lokacin da yake matashi, ya yi wasan kwaikwayo a matsayin xylophonist, ya buga ganguna a cikin Mawakan Rediyon Symphony na Estoniya da kuma gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Estonia. Yayin karatu a Leningrad,…
Mariss Arvydovych Jansons (Mariss Jansons) |
Maris Jansson Ranar haihuwa 14.01.1943 Ranar mutuwa 30.11.2019 Mai gudanarwar sana'a Ƙasar Rasha, USSR Maris Jansons daidai ne a cikin fitattun masu gudanarwa na zamaninmu. An haife shi a shekara ta 1943 a Riga. Tun 1956, ya rayu da kuma karatu a Leningrad, inda mahaifinsa, sanannen madugu Arvid Jansons, ya kasance mataimaki ga Yevgeny Mravinsky a cikin girmamawa Collective na Rasha Academic Symphony Orchestra na Leningrad Philharmonic. Jansons Jr. ya yi karatun violin, viola da piano a makarantar kiɗa ta musamman ta sakandare a Leningrad Conservatory. Ya sauke karatu daga Leningrad Conservatory tare da girmamawa a gudanar a karkashin Farfesa Nikolai Rabinovich. Sannan ya inganta a Vienna tare da Hans Swarovski kuma a cikin…
Арвид Кришевич Янсонс (Arvid Jansons) |
Arvid Jansons Ranar Haihuwa 23.10.1914 Ranar mutuwa 21.11.1984 Mai gudanarwar sana'a Ƙasar USSR People's Artist na USSR (1976), Laureate na Stalin Prize (1951), mahaifin Maris Jansons. Game da ƙungiyar mawaƙa ta Leningrad Philharmonic, ƙane na ƙungiyar jama’a mai daraja, V. Solovyov-Sedoy ya taɓa rubuta: “Mu, mawaƙan Soviet, wannan ƙungiyar makaɗa tana ƙaunace ta musamman. Watakila ba wata ƙungiya mai ban sha'awa a cikin ƙasar ba ta ba da hankali ga kiɗa na Soviet kamar yadda ake kira "na biyu" mawaƙa na philharmonic. Ayyukansa sun haɗa da ayyuka da yawa na mawaƙan Soviet. Abota ta musamman ta haɗa wannan ƙungiyar makaɗa tare da mawaƙa na Leningrad. Yawancin waƙoƙin su wannan ƙungiyar makaɗa ce ta yi. ”…
Marek Janowski |
Marek Janowski Ranar haihuwa 18.02.1939 Mai gudanarwa na sana'a Ƙasar Jamus Marek Janowski an haife shi a 1939 a Warsaw. Na girma kuma na yi karatu a Jamus. Bayan samun gagarumin kwarewa a matsayin jagora (jagorancin kungiyar makada a Aix-la-Chapelle, Cologne da Düsseldorf), ya sami babban matsayi na farko - mukamin darektan kiɗa a Freiburg (1973-1975), sannan kuma matsayi mai kama a Dortmund (1975-1979). 1970-XNUMX). A wannan lokacin, Maestro Yanovsky ya sami gayyata da yawa don ayyukan opera da ayyukan kide-kide. Tun daga ƙarshen XNUMXs, ya kasance yana shirya wasanni akai-akai a manyan gidajen wasan kwaikwayo na duniya: a New York Metropolitan Opera, a Opera na Jihar Bavaria a Munich, a gidajen opera a Berlin, Hamburg,…
Pavel Arnoldovich Yadykh (Yadykh, Pavel) |
Yadykh, Pavel Ranar Haihuwa 1922 Mai jagorantar sana'a Ƙasar USSR Har zuwa 1941, Yadykh ya buga violin. Yaƙin ya katse karatunsa: matashin mawaki ya yi aiki a cikin Sojan Soviet, ya shiga cikin tsaro na Kyiv, Volgograd, kama Budapest, Vienna. Bayan demobilization, ya sauke karatu daga Kyiv Conservatory, da farko a matsayin violinist (1949), sa'an nan a matsayin shugaba tare da G. Kompaneyts (1950). Fara mai zaman kanta aiki a matsayin shugaba a Nikolaev (1949), sa'an nan ya jagoranci kade-kade na Voronezh Philharmonic Orchestra (1950-1954). A nan gaba, ayyukan mai zane suna da alaƙa da Arewa Ossetia. Tun 1955 ya kasance shugaban kungiyar kade-kade ta Ordzhonikidze; nan…
Mikhail Vladimirovich Yurovsky |
Michail Jurowski Ranar haihuwa 25.12.1945 Ranar mutuwa 19.03.2022 Mai gudanarwa na sana'a Ƙasar Rasha, USSR Mikhail Yurovsky ya girma a cikin da'irar shahararrun mawaƙa na tsohuwar USSR - irin su David Oistrakh, Mstislav Rostropovich, Leonid Kogan, Emil Gilels, Aram Khachaturian. Dmitri Shostakovich ya kasance abokin dangi na kusa. Ba wai kawai sau da yawa ya yi magana da Mikhail ba, amma kuma ya buga piano a hannu 4 tare da shi. Wannan kwarewa yana da tasiri mai girma a kan matashin mawaki a cikin waɗannan shekarun, kuma ba daidai ba ne cewa a yau Mikhail Yurovsky yana daya daga cikin manyan masu fassarar kiɗa na Shostakovich. A cikin 2012, an ba shi lambar yabo ta Shostakovich ta kasa da kasa, wanda…
Dmitri Jurowski (Dmitri Jurowski) |
Dmitri Jurowski Ranar haihuwa 1979 Jagorar sana'a kasar Rasha Dmitry Yurovsky, ƙaramin wakilin sanannen daular kiɗa, an haife shi a Moscow a 1979. Lokacin da yake da shekaru shida, ya fara karatun cello a Makarantar kiɗa ta Tsakiya a Moscow State Conservatory. Bayan dangi ya koma Jamus, ya ci gaba da karatunsa a cikin ajin cello kuma, a matakin farko na aikinsa na kiɗa, ya yi wasan kwaikwayo a matsayin mawaƙa a cikin ƙungiyar makaɗa da kuma a cikin ensembles. A cikin Afrilu 2003, ya fara karatu a Hans Eisler School of Music a Berlin. Hankalin dabara na opera ya taimaka wa Dmitry Yurovsky samun nasara a gudanar da wasan opera da…
Alexander Yurlov (Alexander Yurlov).
Alexander Yurlov Ranar haihuwa 11.08.1927 Ranar rasuwa 02.02.1973 Jagoran sana'a Ƙasar USSR Mr Choirmaster. Tunawa da Alexander Yurlov Wadannan kwanaki da sun kasance alama ce ta 80th ranar tunawa da haihuwar Alexander Yurlov. Wani fitaccen malamin mawaƙa kuma ɗan wasan kwaikwayo a cikin ginin al'adun mawaƙa na Rasha, ya rayu kaɗan kaɗan - kawai shekaru 45. Amma shi mutum ne mai ban sha'awa, ya sami damar yin aiki da yawa har ya zuwa yanzu dalibansa, abokansa, mawakansa da sauran mawakansa suna furta sunansa cikin girmamawa. Alexander Yurlov - wani zamani a cikin fasahar mu! A lokacin ƙuruciyarsa, gwaji da yawa sun faɗi ga rabonsa, farawa daga lokacin hunturu a Leningrad, lokacin,…
Andriy Yurkevych |
Andriy Yurkevych Kwanan wata haihuwa 1971 sana'a madugu kasar Ukraine Andriy Yurkevich aka haife shi a Ukraine a birnin Zborov (Ternopil yankin). A 1996 ya sauke karatu daga Lviv National Music Academy mai suna bayan. NV Lysenko wanda ya shahara a wasan opera da wasan kwaikwayo, aji na Farfesa Yu.A. Lutsiva. Ya inganta kwarewarsa a matsayin madugu a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na opera na Poland da na Ballet a Warsaw, a Kwalejin Kiɗa na Chidzhana (Siena, Italiya). Wanda ya lashe lambar yabo ta musamman na gasar kasa. CV Turchak in Kyiv. Tun shekarar 1996 ya yi aiki a matsayin madugu a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Opera da Ballet. Solomiya Kruchelnytska in Lvov. Ya fara fitowa…
Christoph Eschenbach |
Christopher Eschenbach Ranar haihuwa 20.02.1940 Jagoran sana'a, mai wasan pianist na kasar Jamus Daraktan fasaha kuma babban mai gudanarwa na kungiyar kade-kade ta Washington National Symphony Orchestra da Cibiyar Fasaha ta Kennedy, Christoph Eschenbach babban abokin hadin gwiwa ne tare da mashahuran makada da gidajen opera a duniya. Wani dalibi na George Sell da Herbert von Karajan, Eschenbach ya jagoranci irin wannan ensembles kamar Orchester de Paris (2000-2010), Philadelphia Symphony Orchestra (2003-2008), Arewacin Jamus Rediyo Symphony Orchestra (1994-2004), Houston Symphony. Orchestra (1988) -1999, Tonhalle Orchestra; ya kasance darektan zane-zane na bukukuwan kiɗa a Ravinia da Schleswig-Holstein. Lokacin 2016/17 shine lokacin maestro na bakwai kuma na ƙarshe a NSO da Kennedy…
