Clemens Krauss (Clemens Krauss) |

Clemens Krauss ne adam wata

Ga wadanda suka saba da fasahar wannan fitaccen madugu dan kasar Austriya, sunansa ba ya rabuwa da na Richard Strauss. Kraus shekaru da yawa ya kasance aboki na kud da kud, abokin aiki, mai tunani iri ɗaya kuma wanda ba ya iya jurewa ayyukan fitaccen mawakin Jamus. Ko da bambanci a cikin shekaru bai tsoma baki tare da haɗin gwiwar da ke tsakanin waɗannan mawaƙa ba: sun sadu a karon farko lokacin da aka gayyaci shugabar mai shekaru ashirin da tara zuwa Opera na Vienna State - Strauss yana da shekaru sittin a lokacin. . Abokan da aka haifa a lokacin ya katse tare da mutuwar mawakin ...

Duk da haka, halayen Kraus a matsayin jagora, ba shakka, bai iyakance ga wannan bangare na aikinsa ba. Ya kasance daya daga cikin fitattun wakilan makarantar gudanarwa na Viennese, yana haskakawa a cikin wani nau'i mai yawa, wanda ya dogara da kiɗa na soyayya. Halin haske na Kraus, fasaha mai kyau, sha'awar waje ya bayyana tun kafin ganawar da Strauss, yana barin babu shakka game da kyakkyawar makomarsa. Waɗannan fasalulluka sun ƙunshi musamman sauƙi a cikin fassarar soyayya.

Kamar sauran masu gudanarwa na Austrian, Kraus ya fara rayuwarsa a cikin kiɗa a matsayin memba na ɗakin ɗakin yara na kotu a Vienna, kuma ya ci gaba da karatunsa a Cibiyar Nazarin Kiɗa ta Vienna a karkashin jagorancin Gredener da Heuberger. Ba da daɗewa ba bayan kammala karatunsa, matashin mawaƙin ya yi aiki a matsayin jagora a Brno, sannan a Riga, Nuremberg, Szczecin, Graz, inda ya fara zama shugaban gidan wasan opera. Bayan shekara guda, an gayyace shi a matsayin jagoran farko na Opera na Vienna (1922), kuma nan da nan ya ɗauki matsayin "General Director Music" a Frankfurt am Main.

Ƙwarewar ƙungiya ta musamman, kyakkyawar fasahar fasaha ta Kraus da alama an ƙaddara ta don jagorantar wasan opera. Kuma ya rayu har zuwa duk abin da ake tsammani, ya jagoranci gidajen opera na Vienna, Frankfurt am Main, Berlin, Munich shekaru da yawa tare da rubuta shafuka masu daraja a tarihinsu. Tun 1942 ya kuma kasance darektan fasaha na bukukuwan Salzburg.

"A cikin Clemens Kraus, wani al'amari mai ban sha'awa da ban sha'awa, fasalin halayen Australiya na yau da kullun sun bayyana kuma sun bayyana," mai suka ya rubuta. da girman kai.

Wasan operas guda huɗu na R. Strauss suna bin aikinsu na farko ga Clemens Kraus. A Dresden, karkashin jagorancinsa, "Arabella" aka fara yi, a Munich - "Ranar Aminci" da "Capriccio", a Salzburg - "Ƙaunar Danae" (a cikin 1952, bayan mutuwar marubucin). Domin operas biyu na ƙarshe, Kraus ya rubuta libretto da kansa.

A cikin shekaru goma na ƙarshe na rayuwarsa, Kraus ya ƙi yin aiki na dindindin a kowane gidan wasan kwaikwayo. Ya zagaya da yawa a duniya, an rubuta shi akan rikodin Decca. Daga cikin sauran rikodi na Kraus akwai kusan dukan symphonic waqoqi na R. Strauss, da ayyukan Beethoven da Brahms, da kuma da yawa qagaggun na Viennese Strauss daular, ciki har da The Gypsy Baron, overtures, waltzes. Ɗaya daga cikin mafi kyawun rikodin ya ɗauki wasan kwaikwayo na sabuwar shekara na gargajiya na ƙarshe na Vienna Philharmonic wanda Kraus ya gudanar, inda ya gudanar da ayyukan Johann Strauss uba, Johann Strauss ɗan da Joseph Strauss tare da hazaka, iyawa da gaske Viennese fara'a. Mutuwa ta riski Clemens Kraus a cikin birnin Mexico, yayin wasan kide-kide na gaba.

L. Grigoriev, J. Platek