Hermann Abendroth |

Herman Abendroth ne adam wata

Hanyar kirkira ta Herman Abendroth ta wuce gaban idanun masu sauraron Soviet. Ya fara zuwa USSR a 1925. A wannan lokacin, mai zane-zane mai shekaru arba'in da biyu ya riga ya sami damar ɗaukar matsayi mai mahimmanci a cikin ƙungiyar masu jagorancin Turai, wanda a lokacin yana da wadata a cikin sunaye masu daraja. Bayan shi akwai kyakkyawan makaranta (an girma a Munich a karkashin jagorancin F. Motl) da kuma kwarewa mai yawa a matsayin jagora. Tuni a cikin 1903, matashin madugu ya jagoranci Munich "Orchestral Society", kuma bayan shekaru biyu ya zama jagoran opera da kide-kide a Lubeck. Sa'an nan ya yi aiki a Essen, Cologne, kuma bayan yakin duniya na farko, da ya riga ya zama farfesa, ya jagoranci Makarantar Kiɗa na Cologne kuma ya fara ayyukan koyarwa. Ziyarar tasa ta gudana a Faransa, Italiya, Denmark, Netherlands; sau uku ya zo kasarmu. Ɗaya daga cikin ’yan sukar ’yan Soviet ya ce: “Mai gudanarwa ya ji tausayi sosai daga wasan kwaikwayo na farko. Ana iya bayyana cewa a cikin mutumin Abendroth mun sadu da babban halayen fasaha ... Abendroth yana da sha'awa sosai a matsayin ƙwararren ƙwararren ƙwararren masani kuma ƙwararren mawaƙi wanda ya rungumi kyawawan al'adun gargajiya na Jamusanci. An ƙarfafa waɗannan jinƙai bayan wasan kwaikwayo da yawa wanda mai zane ya yi wasan kwaikwayo daban-daban, ciki har da ayyukan da mawallafin da ya fi so - Handel, Beethoven, Schubert, Bruckner, Wagner, Liszt, Reger, R. Strauss; wasan kwaikwayo na Tchaikovsky's Symphony na biyar ya sami karbuwa sosai.

Don haka, a cikin 20s, masu sauraron Soviet sun yaba da basira da fasaha na jagoran. I. Sollertinsky ya rubuta: “A cikin iyawar Abendroth na ƙwaren ƙungiyar makaɗa, babu wani abu na yin posting, da gangan ko kuma jujjuyawa. Tare da manyan albarkatun fasaha, kwata-kwata ba ya son yin kwarkwasa da nagarta na hannunsa ko ɗan yatsa na hagu. Tare da yanayi mai faɗi da faɗi, Abendroth zai iya fitar da ƙaƙƙarfan sonority daga ƙungiyar makaɗa ba tare da rasa natsuwa na waje ba. Wani sabon taro tare da Abendroth ya riga ya faru a cikin hamsin hamsin. Ga mutane da yawa, wannan shine farkon saninsa, saboda masu sauraro sun girma kuma sun canza. Fasahar mai zane ba ta tsaya cak ba. A wannan karon, wani malami mai hikima a rayuwa da gogewa ya bayyana a gabanmu. Wannan shi ne na halitta: shekaru da yawa Abendrot yi aiki tare da mafi kyau Jamus ensembles, directed opera da kide-kide a Weimar, a lokaci guda shi ne kuma babban madugu na Berlin Radio Orchestra da kuma yawon bude ido kasashe da dama. Lokacin da yake magana a cikin USSR a cikin 1951 da 1954, Abendroth ya sake jan hankalin masu sauraro ta hanyar nuna mafi kyawun al'amuran basirarsa. D. Shostakovich ya rubuta cewa: "Wani abin farin ciki a cikin rayuwar kiɗan babban birninmu," shi ne wasan kwaikwayo na dukan waƙoƙin Beethoven tara, Coriolanus Overture da na Piano Concerto na Uku a ƙarƙashin sandar fitaccen shugabar Jamus Hermann Abendroth ... G. Abendroth baratar da bege na Muscovites. Ya nuna kansa a matsayin ƙwararren ƙwararren makin Beethoven, ƙwararren mai fassara ra'ayoyin Beethoven. A cikin fassarar G. Abendroth maras kyau duka a cikin tsari da abun ciki, waƙoƙin Beethoven sun yi sauti tare da zurfafa sha'awa, don haka na asali cikin duk aikin Beethoven. Yawancin lokaci, lokacin da suke so su yi bikin mai gudanarwa, sun ce aikinsa na aikin ya yi sauti "a sabuwar hanya". Cancantar Hermann Abendroth ta ta'allaka ne daidai a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na Beethoven ba a cikin sabuwar hanya ba, amma a cikin hanyar Beethoven. Da yake magana game da halayen bayyanar mai zane a matsayin jagora, abokin aikinsa na Soviet A. Gauk ya jaddada "haɗin ikon yin tunani a kan manyan nau'o'i tare da madaidaicin madaidaici, zane-zane na cikakkun bayanai na ci. sha'awar gano kowane kayan aiki, kowane sashi, kowane murya, don jaddada kaifi na hoto."

Duk waɗannan fasalulluka sun sanya Abendroth ya zama mai fassara mai ban mamaki na kiɗan Bach da Mozart, Beethoven da Bruckner; Har ila yau, sun ba shi damar shiga cikin zurfin ayyukan Tchaikovsky, wasan kwaikwayo na Shostakovich da Prokofiev, wanda ya mamaye wani wuri mai mahimmanci a cikin repertoire.

Abendrot har zuwa karshen kwanakinsa ya jagoranci ayyukan kide kide da wake-wake.

Jagoran ya ba da basirarsa a matsayin mai zane da kuma malami don gina sabuwar al'ada na Jamhuriyar Demokaradiyyar Jamus. Gwamnatin GDR ta karrama shi da manyan lambobin yabo da lambar yabo ta kasa (1949).

Grigoriev LG, Platek Ya. M., 1969