Santur: bayanin kayan aiki, tsari, sauti, tarihi, yadda ake wasa

Santur tsohon kayan kida ne na kaɗe-kaɗe, gama gari a ƙasashen gabas.

Bambance-bambancen santoor na Iran shine cewa bene (jiki) an yi shi a cikin nau'in trapezoid na itace da aka zaɓa, kuma turakun ƙarfe (masu riƙon kirtani) suna a gefe. Kowane tsayuwa yana wuce igiyoyi huɗu na bayanin kula iri ɗaya ta cikin kanta, yana haifar da sauti mai arziƙi da jituwa.

Waƙar da santur ya ƙirƙira ya mamaye ƙarni da yawa kuma ya sauko zuwa zamaninmu. Littattafan tarihi da dama sun ambaci samuwar wannan kayan kida, musamman Attaura. An yi halittar santur a ƙarƙashin rinjayar annabi Bayahude da Sarki Dauda. Tatsuniya ta nuna cewa shi ne mahaliccin kayan kida da dama. A cikin fassarar, "santur" na nufin "tsalle kirtani", kuma ya fito daga kalmar Helenanci "psanterina". A karkashin wannan sunan ne aka ambace shi a cikin littafin Attaura mai tsarki.

Don kunna santurn, ana amfani da ƙananan sandunan katako guda biyu tare da ruwan wukake da aka shimfiɗa a ƙarshen. Irin waɗannan ƙananan guduma ana kiran su mizrabs. Hakanan akwai saitunan maɓalli daban-daban, sautin yana iya kasancewa cikin maɓalli na G (G), A (A) ko C (B).