Tarihin Harmonica

harmonica – wani kida Reed kayan aiki na na iska iyali. Harmonicas sune: chromic, diatonic, blues, tremolo, octave, orchestral, methodical, chord.

Ƙirƙirar harmonica

A kasar Sin wajen shekara ta 3000 kafin haihuwar Annabi Isa aka kirkiro kayan aikin redi na farko. Daga baya, sun bazu ko'ina cikin Asiya. A karni na 13, wani kayan aiki mai dauke da bututu 17 masu girma dabam, wanda aka yi da bamboo, ya zo Turai. A cikin kowane bututu an yi ta da tagulla. An yi ƙoƙarin yin amfani da wannan ƙira wajen kera gabobin, amma ra'ayin bai yaɗu ba. Sai kawai a cikin karni na 19, masu ƙirƙira daga Turai sun sake komawa wannan ƙirar. Kirista Friedrich Ludwig Buschmann daga Jamus a shekara ta 1821 ya tsara harmonica ta farko, wadda ya kira aura. Babban mai kera agogon ya ƙirƙiro wani tsari wanda ya ƙunshi farantin ƙarfe, wanda a ciki akwai ramummuka 15 tare da harsunan ƙarfe. A cikin 1826, maigidan daga Bohemia Richter ya sabunta kayan aikin, Harmonica na Richter yana da ramuka goma da redu ashirin, wanda aka raba zuwa rukuni biyu - numfashi da numfashi. An yi dukan tsarin a jikin itacen al'ul.

Fara samar da taro

A cikin 1857 Matthaas Hohner, Bajamushe mai yin agogo daga Trossingen ya buɗe kamfani mai samar da harmonicas. Godiya ga Hohner cewa nau'ikan harmonica na farko ya bayyana a Arewacin Amurka a cikin 1862, kuma kamfaninsa, yana samar da kayan aikin 700 a shekara, ya zama jagoran kasuwa. Kamfanonin Jamus sune jagorori a yau, suna fitar da kayan aiki zuwa ƙasashe daban-daban da haɓaka sabbin samfura. Misali, "El Centenario" na Mexico, "1'Epatant" na Faransa da "Alliance Harp" na Birtaniya.

Golden Age na Harmonica

Daga 20s na karni na 20, zamanin zinare na harmonica ya fara. Rubutun kiɗa na farko na wannan kayan aiki a cikin salon ƙasa da blues na wannan zamani ne. Waɗannan abubuwan haɗin gwiwar sun shahara sosai har miliyoyi suka sayar da su a duk faɗin Amurka. A cikin 1923, Ba'amurke ɗan agaji Albert Hoxsey ya gudanar da gasar kiɗa don masoya harmonica. Amurka tana sha'awar sabon kayan aikin. A cikin 1930s, makarantun Amurka sun fara koyar da koyan kunna wannan kayan kida.

A cikin 1950s, zamanin rock da roll ya fara kuma harmonica ya zama sananne. Ana amfani da harmonica sosai a wurare daban-daban na kiɗa: jazz, ƙasa, blues, mawaƙa daga ko'ina cikin duniya suna ci gaba da amfani da harmonica a cikin wasan kwaikwayo.