Gary Graffman |

Gary Graffman

A cikin wasu alamun waje, fasaha na pianist yana kusa da makarantar Rasha. Malaminsa na farko shine Isabella Vengerova, wanda ajinsa ya sauke karatu daga Cibiyar Curtis a 1946, kuma Graffman ya inganta shekaru hudu tare da wani dan kasar Rasha Vladimir Horowitz. Sabili da haka, ba abin mamaki ba ne cewa sha'awar fasaha na zane-zane sun fi mayar da hankali ga kiɗa na mawaƙa na Rasha, da Chopin. A lokaci guda, akwai siffofi a cikin yanayin Graffman waɗanda ba su da asali a cikin makarantar Rasha, amma suna da kama da wani ɓangare na virtuosos na Amurka - wani nau'i na "madaidaicin Amurka" (kamar yadda ɗaya daga cikin masu sukar Turai ya sanya shi. ), daidaitawar bambance-bambance, rashin tunani, 'yanci na ingantawa, nau'in kerawa kai tsaye a kan mataki. Wani lokaci mutum yakan sami ra'ayi cewa ya kawo wa masu sauraro tafsirin da aka tabbatar da su tun da farko har a gida cewa babu wani wuri da za a yi wahayi a cikin zauren.

Duk wannan, ba shakka, gaskiya ne, idan muka kusanci Graffman tare da mafi girman matsayi, kuma wannan babban mawaki ya cancanci irin wannan kuma kawai irin wannan hanya. Domin ko a cikin tsarin salon sa, bai samu ba kadan ba. Mawaƙin piano daidai ya mallaki duk sirrin ƙwarewar piano: yana da fasaha mai kyawu, taɓawa mai laushi, feda mai kyau, a kowane lokaci yana sarrafa albarkatun kayan aiki ta hanya ta musamman, yana jin salon kowane zamani da kowane marubuci, yana iya isar da ɗimbin ji da yanayi. Amma mafi mahimmanci, godiya ga wannan, yana samun sakamako mai mahimmanci na fasaha a cikin ayyuka masu yawa. Mai zane ya tabbatar da duk wannan, musamman, a lokacin yawon shakatawa na USSR a 1971. An samu nasarar da ya cancanta ta hanyar fassarar Schumann ta "Carnival" da "Variations on theme of Paganini" na Brahms, Concertos by Chopin , Brahms, Tchaikovsky.

Fara ba da kide kide da wake-wake tun yana matashi, Graffman ya fara fitowa a Turai a shekarar 1950 kuma tun daga nan ya yi fice a fagen pianistic. Musamman sha'awa shi ne ko da yaushe ya yi na Rasha music. Ya mallaki ɗaya daga cikin faifan bidiyo da ba kasafai ake yi ba na duka wasannin Tchaikovsky guda uku, waɗanda aka yi tare da ƙungiyar Orchestra ta Philadelphia da Y. Ormandy ke gudanarwa, da kuma rikodi na mafi yawan mawakan Prokofiev da Rachmaninoff tare da D. Sall da ƙungiyar mawaƙan Cleveland. Kuma tare da duk ajiyar kuɗi, 'yan mutane kaɗan za su iya ƙaryatãwa game da waɗannan rikodin ba kawai a cikin cikakkiyar fasaha ba, amma har ma a cikin iyaka, haɗuwa da virtuoso lightness tare da laushi mai laushi. A cikin fassarar wasan kwaikwayo na Rachmaninov, ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan Graffman, ma'anar tsari, sautin sauti, wanda ya ba shi damar kauce wa wuce gona da iri da kuma isar da wasiƙar waƙar kiɗa ga masu sauraro, musamman dacewa.

Daga cikin rikodin solo na mawaƙin, masu sukar suna gane rikodin Chopin a matsayin babban nasara. “Kwarewar Graffman, daidaitattun jimla da ƙwararrun zaɓen lokaci suna da kyau a cikin su, kodayake Chopin yana buƙatar ƙarancin sautin murya da ƙudurin ɗaukar kasada. Duk da haka, Graffman, a cikin yanayin sanyinsa, ba tare da damuwa ba, wani lokaci yakan cimma kusan abubuwan al'ajabi na pianism: ya isa ya saurari daidaito mai ban sha'awa na "detache" na tsakiya na A-minor Ballad. Kamar yadda za mu iya gani, a cikin waɗannan kalmomi na mai sukar Ba'amurke X. Goldsmith, an sake tattauna sabani da ke tattare da bayyanar Graffman. Menene ya canza a cikin shekarun da suka raba mu da wannan ganawa da mai zane? A wace hanya ce fasaharsa ta bunkasa, ta zama balagagge da ma'ana, da buri? Wani mai bitar mujallar Musical America ya ba da amsar kai tsaye ga wannan, wanda ya taɓa ziyartar wurin raye-rayen mawaƙin a Hall ɗin Carnegie: “Shin matashin maigidan yana girma kai tsaye sa’ad da ya kai shekara hamsin? Harry Graffman bai amsa wannan tambayar ba tare da lallashi XNUMX%, amma yana ba masu sauraro daidaitattun daidaito, tunani da kwarin gwiwa wasa wanda ya kasance alamarsa a duk lokacin aikinsa. Harry Graffman ya ci gaba da kasancewa ɗaya daga cikin ƴan wasan pian ɗinmu mafi aminci kuma masu cancanta, kuma idan fasaharsa ba ta canza da yawa ba tsawon shekaru, to watakila dalilin wannan shine matakinsa koyaushe yana da girma. "

A bakin kofa na ranar haihuwarsa na sittin, Graffman an tilasta masa ya rage yawan ayyukansa saboda lalacewa ga yatsun hannun damansa. A tsawon lokaci, an rage waƙarsa zuwa ƙunƙuntaccen da'irar abubuwan da aka rubuta don hannun hagu. Wannan, duk da haka, ya ba wa mawaƙa damar nuna basirarsa a cikin sababbin wurare - wallafe-wallafe da ilmantarwa. A shekara ta 1980, ya fara koyar da darasi mai kyau a wurin almajiransa, kuma bayan shekara guda, an buga tarihin rayuwarsa, wanda ya ci gaba da buga wasu bugu da yawa. A cikin 1986, daidai shekaru 40 bayan kammala karatunsa daga Cibiyar Curtis, Graffman ya zama Daraktan Fasaha.

A shekara ta 2004, shugaban na dogon lokaci na daya daga cikin mafi kyawun cibiyoyin ilimi a duniya, wanda ya horar da galaxy na shahararrun mawaƙa, ƙwararren ƙwararren ƙwararren ƙwararren ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun mawaƙa ta pianist, da kuma wani mutum mai ban sha'awa mai ban mamaki, ya yi bikin cika shekaru 75 da haihuwa. A ranar tunawa da maraice, baƙi na girmamawa, abokan aiki da abokai sun taya shi murna sosai, suna nuna godiya ga mutumin da ya ba da babbar gudummawa ga ci gaban rayuwar ba kawai rayuwar al'adun Philadelphia ba, har ma da dukan duniya na kiɗa. A cikin wani shagali na gala a cibiyar Kimmel, jarumin na wannan rana ya yi wasan kwaikwayo na Ravel na hannun hagu kuma ya yi wasa tare da kungiyar Orchestra ta Philadelphia (shugabancin Rosen Milanov) na 4th Symphony na Tchaikovsky da "Blue Cathedral" na mawakin Philadelphia J. Higdon.

Grigoriev L., Platek Ya.