Boris Emmanuilovich Khaikin |

Boris Khaikin

Jama'ar Artist na USSR (1972). Khaikin yana daya daga cikin fitattun masu gudanar da wasan opera na Soviet. A cikin shekarun da suka gabata na ayyukansa na kirkire-kirkire, ya yi aiki a cikin mafi kyawun wasan kwaikwayo na kiɗa a cikin ƙasar.

Nan da nan bayan kammala karatu daga Moscow Conservatory (1928), inda ya yi karatu gudanar da K. Saradzhev, da kuma piano A. Gedike Khaikin shiga Stanislavsky Opera wasan kwaikwayo. A wannan lokacin, ya riga ya ɗauki matakai na farko a fagen gudanarwa, bayan kammala horo na aiki a ƙarƙashin jagorancin N. Golovanov (class opera) da V. Suk (class orchestral class).

Tuni a cikin ƙuruciyarsa, rayuwa ta tura jagoran da irin wannan mashahurin Jagora kamar KS Stanislavsky. A cikin bangarori da yawa, ƙa'idodin ƙirƙira na Khaikin sun kasance ƙarƙashin tasirinsa. Tare da Stanislavsky, ya shirya farko na Barber na Seville da Carmen.

Hazakar Khaikin ta bayyana kanta da mafi girman karfi lokacin da ya koma Leningrad a shekarar 1936, inda ya maye gurbin S. Samosud a matsayin darektan fasaha da kuma babban jagoran gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Maly Opera. A nan ya sami daukakar kiyayewa da raya al'adun magabacinsa. Kuma ya jimre da wannan aiki, hadawa aiki a kan na gargajiya repertoire tare da aiki inganta ayyukan da Soviet composers ("Virgin Soil Upturned" I. Dzerzhinsky, "Cola Breugnon" na D. Kabalevsky, "Uwar" by V. Zhelobinsky, " Mutiny” na L. Khodja-Einatov).

Tun 1943, Khaikin ya kasance babban darektan da kuma m darektan Opera da Ballet Theater mai suna bayan SM Kirov. A nan ya kamata a ambaci musamman game da lambobin sadarwa na mai gudanarwa tare da S. Prokofiev. A cikin 1946, ya shirya Duenna (Betrothal in a Monastery), kuma daga baya ya yi aiki a kan wasan opera The Tale of a Real Man (ba a aiwatar da wasan ba; kawai rufaffiyar jigon ya faru a ranar 3 ga Disamba, 1948). Daga cikin sababbin ayyukan da marubutan Soviet suka yi, Khaikin ya shirya a gidan wasan kwaikwayo "The Family of Taras" na D. Kablevsky, "The Prince-Lake" na I. Dzerzhinsky. Ayyukan wasan kwaikwayo na gargajiya na Rasha - Maid of Orleans ta Tchaikovsky, Boris Godunov da Khovanshchina na Mussorgsky - sun zama babban nasara a gidan wasan kwaikwayo. Bugu da kari, Khaikin ya kuma yi a matsayin madugu na ballet (Barci Beauty, The Nutcracker).

Mataki na gaba na ayyukan kirkire-kirkire na Khaikin yana da alaƙa da gidan wasan kwaikwayon Bolshoi na Tarayyar Soviet, wanda ya kasance jagora tun 1954. Kuma a Moscow, ya mai da hankali sosai ga kiɗan Soviet (operas "Uwar" ta T. Khrennikov, " Jalil" na N. Zhiganov, ballet "Song Forest" na G. Zhukovsky). Yawancin wasan kwaikwayo na repertoire na yanzu an shirya su ƙarƙashin jagorancin Khaikin.

Leo Ginzburg ya rubuta: "Hoton BE Khaikin na musamman ne. A matsayinsa na jagoran wasan opera, ƙwararren ƙwararrene wanda zai iya haɗa wasan kwaikwayo na kiɗa da wasan kwaikwayo. Ikon yin aiki tare da mawaƙa, ƙungiyar mawaƙa da ƙungiyar mawaƙa, don dagewa kuma a lokaci guda ba tare da kutsawa ba don cimma sakamakon da yake so, koyaushe yana ta da tausayin ƙungiyoyin mawaƙa a gare shi. Kyakkyawan ɗanɗano, al'adu masu kyau, kiɗa mai ban sha'awa da ma'anar salo sun sa wasan kwaikwayonsa ya zama mahimmanci da ban sha'awa. Wannan shi ne ainihin gaskiya game da fassararsa na ayyukan gargajiya na Rasha da na Yamma.

Khaikin ya yi aiki a gidajen wasan kwaikwayo na kasashen waje. Ya shirya Khovanshchina a Florence (1963), Sarauniyar Spades a Leipzig (1964), kuma ya gudanar da Eugene Onegin a Czechoslovakia da Faust a Romania. Har ila yau, Khaykin ya yi a ƙasashen waje a matsayin jagoran wasan kwaikwayo (a gida, ana gudanar da wasan kwaikwayo na kide-kide a Moscow da Leningrad). Musamman, ya dauki bangare a wani yawon shakatawa na Leningrad Philharmonic Symphony Orchestra a Italiya (1966).

Tun a tsakiyar shekaru talatin, aikin koyarwa na Farfesa Khaikin ya fara. Daga cikin dalibansa akwai shahararrun masu fasaha kamar K. Kondrashin, E. Tons da sauran su.

L. Grigoriev, J. Platek, 1969