Eduardas Balsys |

Eduard Balsy

E. Balsis yana daya daga cikin fitattun mawakan Soviet Lithuania. Ayyukansa na mawaƙi, malami, mashawarcin jama'a da kida da jama'a ba za su iya raba su da bunƙasa makarantar mawaƙa ta Lithuania a lokacin yaƙi ba. Tun daga ƙarshen 50s. yana daya daga cikin manyan malamanta.

Hanyar kirkire-kirkire na mawaki yana da rikitarwa. Yarincinsa yana da alaƙa da birnin Nikolaeva na Ukrainian, sannan dangin ya koma Klaipeda. A cikin waɗannan shekarun, sadarwa tare da kiɗa ya kasance mai haɗari. A lokacin ƙuruciyarsa, Balsis ya yi ayyuka da yawa - ya koyar, yana sha'awar wasanni, kuma kawai a cikin 1945 ya shiga Kaunas Conservatory a cikin aji na Farfesa A. Raciunas. Shekaru na karatu a Leningrad Conservatory, inda ya dauki digiri na biyu tare da Farfesa V. Voloshinov, ya kasance har abada a cikin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar mawaki. A 1948, Balsis ya fara koyarwa a Vilnius Conservatory, inda daga 1960 ya jagoranci sashen na abun da ke ciki. Daga cikin dalibansa akwai sanannun mawakan kamar A. Brazhinskas, G. Kupryavicius, B. Gorbulskis da sauransu. opera, ballet. Mawaƙin ya ba da hankali ga nau'ikan ɗakin gida - ya juya zuwa gare su a farkon aikinsa (String Quartet, Piano Sonata, da dai sauransu). Tare da nau'o'in gargajiya na gargajiya, gadon Balsis ya haɗa da waƙoƙin pop, mashahuran waƙoƙi, kiɗa don wasan kwaikwayo da cinema, inda ya haɗu tare da manyan daraktocin Lithuania. A cikin mu'amala ta yau da kullun na nishadantarwa da nau'ikan nau'ikan gaske, mawaki ya ga hanyoyin wadatar juna.

Halin kirkire-kirkire na Balsis yana da alaƙa da ƙonawa akai-akai, neman sabbin hanyoyin - kayan aikin kayan aikin da ba a saba gani ba, hadaddun dabarun yaren kiɗan ko sigar asali na asali. A lokaci guda, ya kasance koyaushe ya kasance mawaƙin Lithuania na gaske, mawaƙi mai haske. Daya daga cikin muhimman bangarorin wakar Balsis ita ce alakar ta da tatsuniyoyi, wanda ya kasance mai zurfin tunani. Wannan yana tabbatar da yawancin shirye-shiryensa na waƙoƙin jama'a. Mawaƙin ya yi imanin cewa haɗin ɗan ƙasa da ƙididdigewa "za su ci gaba da buɗe sabbin hanyoyi masu ban sha'awa don haɓaka kiɗan mu."

Babban nasarorin da aka samu na Balsis suna da alaƙa da wasan kwaikwayo - wannan shine bambancinsa daga al'adun gargajiya na choral don al'adun ƙasa da kuma tasiri mai zurfi a kan matasa na Lithuania. Duk da haka, tsarin ra'ayoyinsa na ban mamaki ba shine wasan kwaikwayo ba (bai magance shi ba), amma nau'in wasan kwaikwayo, opera, ballet. A cikin su, mawaki yana aiki a matsayin mai kula da ci gaban symphonic na nau'i, timbre-m, launi mai launi.

Babban taron kade-kade a Lithuania shine ballet Eglė Sarauniyar macizai (1960, lib.), wanda aka yi fim-ballet na farko a cikin jamhuriyar. Wannan tatsuniya ce ta waka game da amana da soyayyar kawar da mugunta da ha'inci. Hotunan zane-zanen teku masu ban sha'awa, abubuwan ban sha'awa irin na jama'a, shirye-shiryen raye-rayen ballet sun kasance cikin mafi kyawun shafukan kidan Lithuania. Taken teku na ɗaya daga cikin ayyukan da Balsis ya fi so (a cikin shekarun 50s ya yi sabon bugu na waƙar waƙar "The Sea" ta MK A cikin 1980, mawakin ya sake komawa kan jigon ruwa. opera Journey to Tilsit (dangane da ɗan gajeren labari na wannan suna na marubucin Jamus X. Zuderman "Labarun Lithuania", lib. own) A nan Balsias ya yi aiki a matsayin mahaliccin sabon nau'in wasan opera na Lithuania - alamar tunani mai ban sha'awa. wasan kwaikwayo na kiɗa, gadon al'adar A. Berg's Wozzeck.

Jama'a, sha'awa a cikin kona matsaloli na zamaninmu da aka nuna tare da musamman karfi a cikin choral qagaggun na Balsis, da aka rubuta tare da haɗin gwiwar da most mawaƙa na Lithuania - E. Mezhelaitis da E. Matuzevičius (cantatas "Kawo Rana" da "Daukaka ga Lenin!") Kuma musamman - a cikin oratorio bisa ga wakokin mawaƙa V. Palchinokayte "Kada ku taɓa blue globe", (1969). Ya kasance tare da wannan aikin, wanda aka fara yi a Wroclaw Music Festival a 1969, aikin Balsis ya sami karbuwa na ƙasa kuma ya shiga matakin duniya. A baya a cikin 1953, mawaƙin shine farkon a cikin kiɗan Lithuania don magance taken gwagwarmayar zaman lafiya a cikin waƙar Heroic, haɓaka shi a cikin Frescoes na Dramatic don piano, violin da orchestra (1965). Oratorio ya bayyana fuskar yaƙi a cikin mafi munin al'amari - a matsayin masu kisan kai na yara. A shekara ta 1970, da ke magana da taron kungiyar ta ISMe (Kamfanin Kasa da Kasa na Ilimin Yara na Yara) bayan wasan kwaikwayon Orato "Kada ku taɓa aikin shuɗi na", wanda ya bar ra'ayi marar ƙarewa tare da zurfin tunani, ikon ji , damuwa na ciki. Hanyoyin ɗan adam na aikin Balsis, hankalinsa ga baƙin ciki da jin daɗin ɗan adam koyaushe zai kasance kusa da namu na zamani, ɗan ƙasa na ƙarni na XNUMX.

G. Zhdanova