Nau'in ji na kiɗa: menene?

Ji na kiɗa shine ikon iya rarrabe sautuna a hankali ta launi, sauti, ƙarar su da tsawon lokaci. Kunnen kiɗa, gabaɗaya, kamar ma'ana, ana iya haɓakawa, kuma akwai nau'ikan ji da yawa (mafi daidai, fuskokinsa, bangarorinsa) kuma kowanne yana da mahimmanci ko kaɗan ta hanyarsa.

Sautunan kiɗa da waɗanda ba na kiɗa ba

Akwai kawai teku na sauti a cikin duniyar da ke kewaye da mu, amma sautin kida – Wannan ba kowane sauti bane. Wannan shine kawai sautin wanda zai yiwu a ƙayyade kuma tsawo (ya dogara da mitar girgiza jikin jiki wanda shine tushen sauti), da hatimi (wadata, haske, jikewa, launi na sauti), da girma (ƙarar ya dogara da girman girgizar tushen tushe - mafi ƙarfi da ƙarfin farko, ƙarar ƙarar sauti a shigarwar).

RAYUWA, sautunan da ba na kiɗa ba ana kiran su murya, A gare su za mu iya ƙayyade duka girma da kuma tsawon lokaci, sau da yawa timbre, amma ba koyaushe ba za mu iya ƙayyade ƙimar su daidai.

Me yasa aka buƙaci wannan gabatarwar? Kuma don tabbatar da cewa kunnuwa don kiɗa kayan aikin mawaƙi ne wanda ya riga ya horar. Su kuma wadanda suka ki yin karatun waka bisa dalilin rashin ji da fyade da wata dabba, muna cewa a gaskiya: kunnen waka ba karamin abu ba ne, ana ba wa duk wanda ya so!

Nau'in sauraron kiɗan

Batun kunnen kida abu ne mai da hankali. Duk wani nau'in jin kiɗan ta wata ma'ana yana da alaƙa da wani tsari na tunani ko al'amari (misali, tare da ƙwaƙwalwa, tunani ko tunani).

Don kada mu yi la'akari da yawa kuma kada mu fada cikin rarrabuwa na banal da rikice-rikice, kawai za mu yi ƙoƙari mu kwatanta ra'ayoyi da yawa waɗanda suka zama ruwan dare a cikin yanayin kiɗa da alaƙa da wannan batu. Waɗannan za su zama wasu nau'ikan jin kiɗan.

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Cikakken farar - wannan shine ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya don tonality (daidaitaccen sauti), wannan shine ikon ƙayyade bayanin kula (sautin) ta sautinsa ko, akasin haka, don sake buga rubutu daga ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya ba tare da ƙarin daidaitawa ta amfani da cokali mai yatsa ko kowane kayan aiki ba, kuma ba tare da kwatancen ba. da sauran filaye da aka sani. Cikakkun farar wani lamari ne na musamman na ƙwaƙwalwar sautin ɗan adam (ta misali, tare da ƙwaƙwalwar hoto na gani). Ga mai irin wannan nau'in kunnen kiɗa, sanin rubutu ɗaya ne da kowa kawai ji da sanin harafin haruffa na yau da kullun.

Mawaƙin, a ka'ida, ba ya buƙatar cikakken sauti musamman, ko da yake yana taimakawa kada ya kasance cikin sauti: alal misali, kunna violin ba tare da kurakurai ba. Wannan ingancin kuma yana taimaka wa mawaƙa (ko da yake ba ya sa mai cikakken sautin murya ya zama mawaƙin): yana ba da gudummawa ga haɓaka ingantaccen sauti, kuma yana taimakawa wajen riƙe sashin yayin waƙar polyphonic, kodayake waƙar kanta ba za ta zama mai bayyanawa ba. (quality) kawai daga "ji".

Ba za a iya samun cikakkiyar nau'in ji ta hanyar wucin gadi ba, tun da wannan ingancin na asali ne, amma yana yiwuwa a haɓaka ji iri ɗaya ta hanyar horarwa (kusan duk mawakan "masu aiki" suna zuwa wannan jihar nan da nan ko ba dade).

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Sauraron dangi ƙwararren kunnuwa ne na kiɗa wanda ke ba ka damar ji da gano kowane nau'in kiɗan ko duka aikin, amma kawai dangane da (wato, a kwatanta) filin da yake wakilta. Ba a haɗa shi da ƙwaƙwalwa ba, amma tare da tunani. Ana iya samun mahimman abubuwa guda biyu a nan:

• a cikin tonal music, wannan shi ne ma'anar yanayin: ikon kewayawa a cikin yanayin yana taimakawa wajen jin duk abin da ke faruwa a cikin kiɗa - jerin matakan matakan kide-kide na barga da maras kyau, dangantakar su ta ma'ana, haɗin su cikin consonances, karkacewa da tashi daga tonality na asali;
• A cikin kiɗan atonal, wannan shine tazara na ji: ikon ji da bambance tazara (nisa daga wannan sauti zuwa wani) yana ba ku damar maimaita ko sake maimaita kowane jerin sautuna daidai.

Ji na dangi kayan aiki ne mai ƙarfi kuma cikakke ga mawaƙi; yana ba ku damar yin abubuwa da yawa. Bangaren rauninsa kawai shine kimantawa na ainihin sautin sauti: alal misali, Ina ji kuma na iya kunna waƙa, amma a cikin wani maɓalli daban (sau da yawa kawai mafi dacewa ga innation - ya dogara da nau'in muryar waƙa ko kayan aikin da kuke wasa).

Cikakkar sauti da dangi ba sabani ba ne. Suna iya haɗawa da juna. Idan mutum yana da cikakken filin fili, amma baya aiwatar da filin dangi, ba zai zama mawaƙa ba, yayin da yake da kwarewa mai tunani, ya ba kowane irin tunani don inganta musicility.

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Ji na ciki - ikon jin kiɗa a cikin tunanin. Ganin bayanin kula akan takarda, mawaƙi zai iya buga waƙar gabaɗaya a kansa. To, ko ba kawai waƙar ba - banda shi, a cikin tunaninsa zai iya kammala jituwa, ƙungiyar makaɗa (idan mawaƙin ya kasance mai ci gaba), da wani abu.

Mawakan farko suna buƙatar yin waƙar waƙa don su saba da ita, waɗanda suka ci gaba za su iya rera shi, amma mutanen da ke da kyakkyawan ji na ciki kawai suna tunanin sautin.

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Akwai ƙarin nau'ikan jin kiɗan; kowannen su yana taimaka wa mawaƙi a harkar waƙarsa gabaɗaya ko kuma a wani yanki na musamman. Misali, kayan aiki mafi ƙarfi na mawaƙa sune nau'ikan ji kamar polyphonic, orchestral da rhythmic.

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"Musical ido" da "musical hanci"!

WANNAN BLOCK NE. Anan mun yanke shawarar sanya sashin ban dariya na sakonmu. Yadda ban sha'awa da wadata a cikin abubuwan rayuwar mu, rayuwar mutumin zamani…

Ma'aikatan rediyo, DJs, da kuma masu son kiɗan gaye, har ma da masu fasaha na pop, ban da ji, waɗanda suke amfani da su don jin daɗin kiɗan, suna buƙatar irin wannan ƙwararrun ƙwararrun kamar Yadda ake gano sabbin abubuwan sakewa ba tare da shi ba? Yadda za a tantance abin da masu sauraron ku ke so? Koyaushe kuna buƙatar sharar irin waɗannan abubuwan!

Ku fito da wani abu da kanku!

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KARSHEN. Yayin da ƙwarewar kiɗa da aiki ke tarawa, ji yana tasowa. Haɓaka maƙasudin ji, fahimtar abubuwan yau da kullun da sarƙaƙƙiya na faruwa a cikin zagayowar darussa na musamman a cibiyoyin koyar da kiɗan. Waɗannan su ne rhythmics, solfeggio da jituwa, polyphony da orchestration.