Royal Concertgebouw Orchestra (Koninklijk Concertgebouworkest) |

Koninklijk Concertgebouworkest

Kungiyar kade-kade ta Concertgebouw ta kasance a kasar Rasha sau daya kacal, a shekarar 1974. To amma a wancan lokacin bai shiga sahun gaba a jerin manyan makada guda goma a duniya ba, kamar yadda mujallar Gramophone ta Burtaniya ta bayyana. A ƙarshen karni na 2004, ƙungiyar makaɗa ta kasance ta uku - bayan Berlin da Vienna Philharmonics. Duk da haka, halin da ake ciki ya canza tare da zuwan Maris Jansons a matsayin babban mai gudanarwa: a cikin shekaru hudu, ya karbi matsayi a 2008, ya gudanar da inganta ingancin wasansa da matsayi na ƙungiyar mawaƙa don haka a cikin XNUMX an gane shi a matsayin mafi kyau a duniya.

Sautin ƙungiyar makaɗa yana da ƙarfi, ci gaba, jin daɗin kunne. Ƙarfin haɗin gwiwar da ƙungiyar makaɗa ke iya nunawa a wasu lokuta yana haɗuwa tare da haɓaka, wasa mai ban sha'awa, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa babbar ƙungiyar makada wani lokaci tana jin kamar ta ɗakin. Repertoire bisa ga al'ada ya dogara ne akan na gargajiya-romantic da kuma bayan-romantic kidan symphonic. Koyaya, ƙungiyar mawaƙa tana haɗin gwiwa tare da mawaƙa na zamani; wasu daga cikin ayyukan George Benjamin, Oliver Knussen, Tan Dun, Thomas Ades, Luciano Berio, Pierre Boulez, Werner Henze, John Adams, Bruno Maderna an yi su ne a karon farko.

Shugaban kungiyar makada na farko shine Willem Kees (daga 1888 zuwa 1895). Amma Willem Mengelberg, wanda ya jagoranci kungiyar kade-kade na tsawon rabin karni, daga 1895 zuwa 1945, ya fi tasiri matuka wajen ci gaban kungiyar makada. A karkashinsa, ƙungiyar makada ta fara taka rawar gani sosai a Mahler, kuma bayansa Eduard van Beinum (1945-1959) ya gabatar da mawaƙa ga waƙoƙin Bruckner. A cikin tarihin ƙungiyar makaɗa, masu gudanarwa shida ne kawai suka canza a cikinta. Maris Jansons, shugaba na yanzu, yana ƙarfafa repertoire "tushen" ta kowace hanya mai yiwuwa, wanda har yau yana kan "ginshiƙai" hudu - Mahler, Bruckner, Strauss, Brahms, amma ya kara Shostakovich da Messiaen a cikin jerin.

Zauren Concertgebouw ana ɗaukarsa tushe ga ƙungiyar mawaƙa ta Concertgebouw. Amma wadannan cibiyoyi ne mabanbanta daban-daban, kowannensu yana da nasa tsarin gudanarwa da gudanar da shi, alakar da ke tsakaninta ta ginu ne bisa jinginar gidaje.

Gulyara Sadykh-zade