Ayyukan kiɗa game da yanayi: zaɓi na kiɗa mai kyau tare da labari game da shi

Hotunan yanayi masu canzawa, satar ganye, muryoyin tsuntsaye, raƙuman raƙuman ruwa, gunaguni na rafi, tsawa - duk ana iya isar da wannan a cikin kiɗa. Shahararrun mawaƙa da yawa sun sami damar yin wannan da hazaka: ayyukansu na kida game da yanayi sun zama na gargajiya na filin kida.

Abubuwan al'amuran halitta da zane-zane na kida na flora da fauna suna bayyana a cikin ayyukan kayan aiki da na piano, vocal da choral, kuma wani lokacin har ma a cikin tsarin zagayowar shirin.

"Lokaci" na A. Vivaldi

Antonio Vivaldi

Wasan wake-wake na violin guda uku na Vivaldi da aka keɓe don lokutan yanayi ba tare da shakka ba sune shahararrun ayyukan kiɗan yanayi na zamanin Baroque. An yi imanin cewa mawaƙin da kansa ya rubuta waƙoƙin waƙoƙin waƙoƙin kiɗan da kuma bayyana ma'anar kiɗan kowane sashe.

Vivaldi yana isar da kaɗe-kaɗe da kaɗe-kaɗe da ƙarar tsawa, da sautin ruwan sama, da ruɗin ganye, ganyayen tsuntsaye, haƙar karnuka, kukan iska, har ma da shiru na daren kaka. Yawancin maganganun mawaƙi a cikin maki kai tsaye suna nuna ɗaya ko wani al'amari na halitta wanda ya kamata a kwatanta.

Vivaldi "Lokaci" - "Winter"

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"The Seasons" na J. Haydn

Joseph Haydan

Babban oratorio “Lokaci” ya kasance na musamman sakamakon ayyukan kirkire-kirkire na mawakin kuma ya zama babban ginshikin gargajiya na gaskiya a cikin waka.

Ana gabatar da yanayi huɗu a jere ga mai sauraro a cikin fina-finai 44. Jarumai na oratori mazauna karkara ne (masarau, mafarauta). Sun san yadda ake yin aiki da jin daɗi, ba su da lokacin da za su shiga cikin damuwa. Mutane a nan wani bangare ne na yanayi, suna shiga cikin zagayowarta na shekara-shekara.

Haydn, kamar wanda ya gabace shi, yana yin amfani da iyawar na’urori daban-daban don isar da sautin yanayi, kamar guguwar rani, kukan ciyayi da mawakan kwadi.

Haydn ya haɗu da ayyukan kiɗa game da yanayi tare da rayuwar mutane - kusan koyaushe suna kasancewa a cikin "zane-zanensa". Don haka, alal misali, a cikin wasan karshe na wasan kwaikwayo na 103, muna da alama muna cikin gandun daji kuma muna jin alamun mafarauta, don nuna abin da mawaƙin ya nufi hanyar da aka sani - bugun zinare na ƙaho. Saurara:

Haydn Symphony No. 103 - karshe

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"Seasons" na PI Tchaikovsky

Pyotr Tchaikovsky

Mawaƙin ya zaɓi nau'in miniatures na piano na watanni goma sha biyu. Amma piano kadai yana da ikon isar da launukan yanayi ba mafi muni fiye da ƙungiyar mawaƙa da ƙungiyar mawaƙa.

Ga farin cikin bazara na lark, da farkarwar dusar ƙanƙara mai cike da nishadi, da kuma sha'awar mafarkin fararen dare, da waƙar wani ɗan kwale-kwale yana girgiza raƙuman ruwa, da aikin gonaki, da farautar farauta, da farauta. tsananin bakin ciki kaka faɗuwar yanayi.

Tchaikovsky "Lokaci" - Maris - "Song na Lark"

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"Carnival of Animals" na C. Saint-Saens

Camille Saint-Saens

Daga cikin ayyukan kade-kade game da yanayi, Saint-Saëns' ''babban fantasy zoological'' na rukunin dakin ya fito waje. Rashin fahimtar ra'ayin ya ƙaddara makomar aikin: "Carnival," wanda Saint-Saëns ya hana bugawa a lokacin rayuwarsa, an yi shi gaba ɗaya kawai a cikin abokan mawaƙa.

Kayan aikin kayan aiki shine asali: ban da kirtani da kayan aikin iska da yawa, ya haɗa da pianos guda biyu, celesta da irin wannan kayan aikin da ba kasafai ba a zamaninmu a matsayin harmonica gilashi.

Zagayen yana da sassa 13 da ke kwatanta dabbobi daban-daban, da kuma ɓangaren ƙarshe wanda ya haɗa dukkan lambobi zuwa yanki ɗaya. Yana da ban dariya cewa mawaƙin ya kuma haɗa da ƴan wasan pian novice waɗanda ke taka sikeli a cikin dabbobi.

Halin wasan ban dariya na "Carnival" yana ƙarfafa ta da ƙagaggun kida da yawa. Alal misali, "Kunkuna" suna yin wasan kwaikwayo na Offenbach, kawai sun ragu sau da yawa, kuma bass biyu a cikin "Giwa" yana haɓaka taken "Ballet of the Sylphs" na Berlioz.

Adadin sake zagayowar da aka buga kuma aka yi a bainar jama'a yayin rayuwar Saint-Saëns shine sanannen “Swan”, wanda a cikin 1907 ya zama ƙwararriyar fasahar ballet wanda babbar Anna Pavlova ta yi.

Saint-Saëns "Carnival of Animals" - Swan

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Abubuwan ruwa na NA Rimsky-Korsakov

Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov

Mawaƙin Rasha ya san game da teku da kansa. A matsayinsa na sojan tsaka-tsaki, sannan kuma a matsayinsa na mai aikin tsaka-tsaki a jirgin ruwan Almaz, ya yi doguwar tafiya zuwa gabar tekun Arewacin Amurka. Hotunan teku da ya fi so sun bayyana a yawancin halittunsa.

Wannan shi ne, alal misali, jigon "Blue Teku- Teku" a cikin opera "Sadko". A cikin ƴan sauti kaɗan marubucin ya ba da labarin ɓoyayyun ikon teku, kuma wannan motsin ya mamaye dukkan opera.

Teku yana mulkin duka a cikin fim ɗin kiɗan kiɗan "Sadko" da kuma a cikin ɓangaren farko na suite "Scheherazade" - "Thu da Jirgin Ruwa na Sinbad", wanda kwanciyar hankali ya ba da damar zuwa hadari.

Rimsky-Korsakov "Sadko" - gabatarwa "Ocean-sea blue"

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"Gabas an lullube shi da gari mai ja..."

Moussorgsky mafi girma

Wani jigon da aka fi so na kiɗan yanayi shine fitowar rana. Anan biyu daga cikin shahararrun jigogi na safiya nan da nan suka zo hankali, suna da wani abu mai kama da juna. Kowa a hanyarsa daidai yana isar da farkawa yanayi. Wannan shi ne romantic "Morning" na E. Grieg da kuma "Dawn a kan Kogin Moscow" na MP Mussorgsky.

A Grieg, ana ɗaukar ƙaho na makiyayi ta kayan kirtani, sa'an nan kuma ta hanyar dukan ƙungiyar makaɗa: rana ta tashi a kan fjords masu tsauri, kuma gunaguni na rafi da waƙar tsuntsaye ana jin su a fili a cikin kiɗa.

Mussorgsky's Dawn kuma yana farawa da waƙar makiyayi, ƙararrawar karrarawa da alama an saka su cikin sautin ƙungiyar kade-kade, kuma rana tana tashi sama da sama sama da kogin, tana rufe ruwan da igiyoyi na zinariya.

Mussorgsky - "Khovanshchina" - gabatarwa "Dawn a kan kogin Moscow"

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Yana da kusan ba zai yiwu ba a lissafta duk sanannun ayyukan kiɗa na gargajiya waɗanda aka haɓaka jigon yanayi - wannan jerin zai yi tsayi da yawa. Anan za ku iya haɗawa da kide-kide na Vivaldi ("Nightingale", "Cuckoo", "Dare"), "Bird Trio" daga wasan kwaikwayo na shida na Beethoven, "Flight of the Bumblebee" na Rimsky-Korsakov, "Goldfish" na Debussy, "Spring and Autumn" da "Winter Road" by Sviridov da kuma sauran m hotuna na yanayi.