Avet Rubenovich Terterian (Avet Terterian) |

Terterian Avet

… Avet Terteryan mawaƙi ne wanda tausasawa hanya ce ta zahiri ta magana. K. Maiyar

Hakika, akwai kwanaki da lokacin da hankali da kuma tunanin wuce shekaru da yawa, ya zama wani nau'i na juya batu a cikin rayuwar mutum, ƙayyade da rabo, da sana'a. Don yaro mai shekaru goma sha biyu, daga baya sanannen mawaki na Soviet Avet Terteryan, kwanakin zaman Sergei Prokofiev da abokansa a gidan iyayen Avet, a Baku, a ƙarshen 1941, ya zama gajere, amma mai tsanani. . Hanyar Prokofiev na riƙe kansa, magana, bayyana ra'ayinsa a fili , tabbas a fili kuma ya fara kowace rana tare da aiki. Kuma a sa'an nan ya aka hada da opera "Yaki da Aminci", da kuma da safe da ban mamaki, m sautin kide-kide da gudu daga falo, inda piano ya tsaya.

Baƙi sun tafi, amma bayan 'yan shekaru, lokacin da tambaya ta taso game da zabar sana'a - ko ya bi sawun mahaifinsa zuwa makarantar likitanci ko kuma ya zaɓi wani abu dabam - saurayin ya yanke shawarar - zuwa makarantar kiɗa. Avet ya sami ilimin firamarensa na kiɗa daga dangi wanda ya kasance mai kida sosai - mahaifinsa, sanannen masanin laryngologist a Baku, lokaci zuwa lokaci ana gayyatarsa ​​don rera taken taken a cikin operas ta P. Tchaikovsky da G. Verdi, mahaifiyarsa. yana da soprano mai ban mamaki, ƙanensa Herman daga baya ya zama jagora.

Mawaƙin Armeniya A. Satyan, marubucin waƙoƙin da aka fi sani da Armeniya, da kuma sanannen malamin G. Litinsky, yayin da yake Baku, ya shawarci Terteryan da ƙarfi ya je Yerevan kuma ya yi nazari sosai. Kuma nan da nan Avet shiga Yerevan Conservatory, a cikin abun da ke ciki ajin E. Mirzoyan. A lokacin karatunsa, ya rubuta Sonata na Cello da Piano, wanda aka ba shi kyauta a gasar jamhuriya da kuma a All-Union Review of Young Composers, romances a kan kalmomin Rasha da Armeniya mawaƙa, Quartet a C major, da vocal-symphonic sake zagayowar "Motherland" - wani aiki da ya kawo shi a hakikanin nasara, bayar da All-Union Prize a matasa Composers Competition a 1962, da kuma a shekara daga baya, karkashin jagorancin A. Zhuraitis, shi sauti a cikin Hall of. ginshiƙai.

Bayan nasarar farko ta zo gwaji na farko da ke da alaƙa da zagayowar murya da ake kira "Revolution". Ayyukan farko na aikin kuma shine na ƙarshe. Duk da haka, aikin bai kasance a banza ba. Hotunan ban mamaki na mawaƙin Armeniya, mawaƙin juyin juya hali, Yeghishe Charents, sun ɗauki tunanin mawaƙin da ƙarfinsu, sautin tarihi, ƙarfin jama'a. Daga nan ne, a lokacin gazawar kere-kere, an sami gagarumin tarin runduna kuma aka kafa babban jigon kerawa. Sa'an nan, yana da shekaru 35, mawaki ya san tabbas - idan ba ku da shi, bai kamata ku shiga cikin abun da ke ciki ba, kuma a nan gaba zai tabbatar da fa'idar wannan ra'ayi: nasa, babban jigo ... Ya taso a cikin haɗuwar ra'ayoyi - Ƙasar uwa da juyin juya hali, fahimtar yare game da waɗannan adadi, mai ban mamaki yanayin hulɗar su. Tunanin rubuta wasan opera mai cike da kyawawan dalilai na wakokin Charents ya tura mawaƙin don neman wani kaifi na juyin juya hali. Dan jarida V. Shakhnazaryan, ya sha'awar yin aiki a matsayin mai karatu, ba da daɗewa ba ya ba da shawarar - labarin B. Lavrenev "Arba'in da Farko". Aikin wasan opera ya koma ƙasar Armeniya, inda a cikin shekarun nan aka yi yaƙin neman sauyi a tsaunukan Zangezur. Jaruman sun kasance yarinya ’yar kasa ce kuma laftanar daga tsoffin sojoji kafin juyin juya hali. Mai karatu ya ji ayoyin Charents a cikin opera, a cikin mawaƙa da kuma a cikin sassan solo.

Wasan opera ya sami amsa mai yawa, an gane shi azaman mai haske, mai hazaka, sabon aiki. Bayan 'yan shekaru bayan farko a Yerevan (1967), da aka yi a kan mataki na gidan wasan kwaikwayo a Halle (GDR), da kuma a 1978 ya bude International Festival na GF Handel, wanda aka gudanar a kowace shekara a cikin mahaifarsa ta mawaki.

Bayan ƙirƙirar wasan opera, mawaƙin ya rubuta waƙoƙi 6. Yiwuwar fahimtar falsafar a cikin wuraren symphonic na hotuna iri ɗaya, jigogi iri ɗaya musamman suna jan hankalinsa. Sa'an nan kuma ballet "Richard III" bisa W. Shakespeare, wasan opera "Girgizar Kasa" bisa labarin marubucin Jamus G. Kleist "Girgizar Kasa a Chile" da kuma sake nuna wasan kwaikwayo - na bakwai, na takwas - ya bayyana. Duk wanda aƙalla sau ɗaya ya saurari kowane waƙa na Terteryaia zai gane waƙarsa cikin sauƙi. Yana da takamaiman, sarari, yana buƙatar kulawa da hankali. Anan, kowane sautin da ke fitowa hoto ne a kansa, ra'ayi, kuma muna biye da hankali tare da ba da hankali ga ƙarin motsinsa, a matsayin makomar jarumi. Hotunan sauti na kade-kade sun kai kusan matakin bayyanawa: abin rufe fuska mai sauti, mai wasan kwaikwayo, wanda kuma shi ne ma'anar waka, kuma muna bayyana ma'anarsa. Ayyukan Terteryan suna ƙarfafa masu sauraro su juyar da kallonsu na ciki zuwa ga ainihin dabi'un rayuwa, zuwa tushenta na har abada, don yin tunani game da raunin duniya da kyawunta. Saboda haka, kololuwar wakoki na kade-kade da wasan kwaikwayo na Terterian a koyaushe suna zama mafi sauƙi na jimlolin waƙoƙin asalin jama'a, waɗanda ake yin su ta hanyar murya, mafi kyawun kayan kida, ko kuma ta kayan kida na jama'a. Wannan shine yadda kashi na 2 na Symphony na Biyu ke yin sauti - haɓakar baritone na monophonic; wani shiri daga Symphony na Uku - gungu na duduks biyu da zurnai biyu; waƙar kamancha da ke ratsa dukkan zagayowar a cikin Symphony ta biyar; jam'iyyar dapa a ta bakwai; a kololuwa ta shida za a yi mawaka, inda maimakon kalmomi akwai sautukan haruffan Armeniya “ayb, ben, gim, dan” da sauransu a matsayin wata alama ta haskakawa da ruhi. Mafi sauƙi, zai zama alama, alamomi, amma suna da ma'ana mai zurfi. A cikin wannan, aikin Terteryan ya nuna fasahar irin waɗannan masu fasaha kamar A. Tarkovsky da S. Parajanov. Menene abubuwan jin daɗinku game da? masu sauraro suna tambayar Terteryan. "Game da komai," mawallafin ya amsa, yana barin kowa ya fahimci abubuwan da suke ciki.

Ana gudanar da bukukuwan kade-kade na Terterian a manyan bukukuwan kide-kide na kasa da kasa - a Zagreb, inda ake yin bitar wakokin zamani a duk lokacin bazara, a "Warsaw Autumn", a yammacin Berlin. Har ila yau, suna sauti a cikin ƙasarmu - a Yerevan, Moscow, Leningrad, Tbilisi, Minsk, Tallinn, Novosibirsk, Saratov, Tashkent ... Ga madugu, kiɗan Terteryan yana buɗe damar yin amfani da damarsa na ƙirƙira a matsayin mawaƙa sosai. Mai wasan kwaikwayo a nan yana da alama an haɗa shi cikin haɗin gwiwa. Wani daki-daki mai ban sha'awa: wasan kwaikwayo, dangane da fassarar, akan iyawa, kamar yadda mawallafin ya ce, don "sauraron sauti", na iya wucewa na lokuta daban-daban. Symphony na Hudu ya buga duka mintuna 22 da 30, Na bakwai - da 27 da 38! Irin wannan aiki, haɗin gwiwar kirkire-kirkire tare da mawaƙa ya haɗa da D. Khanjyan, mai fassarar ban mamaki na wasan kwaikwayo na 4 na farko. G. Rozhdestvensky, wanda a cikinsa na huɗu da na biyar a cikinsa aka busa ƙuri'a mai ban sha'awa, A. Lazarev, wanda a cikin wasan kwaikwayon Symphony na shida ya yi sauti mai ban sha'awa, an rubuta shi don mawaƙa na ɗaki, ƙungiyar mawaƙa da phonogram 9 tare da rikodin babban mawaƙa na kade-kade, kade-kade da kararrawa. murmushi.

Kiɗa na Terteryan kuma yana gayyatar mai sauraro zuwa ga rikicewa. Babban burinsa shine haɗa ƙoƙarin ruhaniya na mawaƙa, mai yin wasan kwaikwayo da mai sauraro a cikin rashin gajiyawa da wahalar fahimtar rayuwa.

M. Rukhkyan