Akida a cikin fasaha |

Akida a cikin fasaha, ra'ayi da ke nuna sadaukarwar mai zane ga wani tsarin ra'ayi da zamantakewa, ɗabi'a da kyakkyawar manufa mai dacewa da ita, siffa ta alama na waɗannan ra'ayoyin a cikin fasaha. I. a kowane zamani yana nufin ci-gaba I., wanda aka bayyana a cikin ruhi na mai fasaha zuwa al'ummomi masu ci gaba. ƙarfi. Riko da ra'ayoyin masu ra'ayi da aiki don aiwatar da su su ne ginshiƙan ingantacciyar akida mai ci gaba. Babban akida kuma yana adawa da rashin ra'ayi - rashin ko in kula ga ma'anar ruhaniya na al'ummomi. taron, watsi da alhakin warware matsalolin zamantakewa. matsaloli.

I. a cikin fasaha ma'auni ne don kimanta fasaha. yana aiki tare da batutuwa masu mahimmanci na zamantakewa. Yana da mahimmanci a cikin abubuwan da ke cikin zane-zane. aiki, ciki har da ballet. I. yana nuna ma'anar zamantakewa, falsafa, siyasa ko mahimmancin batun, zamantakewa da akida. shugabanci na kerawa, gaskiyar fasaha. ra'ayoyi. Fasaha. ra'ayi alama ce ta alama-hankali, tunani na gaba ɗaya wanda ke ƙarƙashin abubuwan fasaha. yana aiki, gami da wasan ballet.

I. yana bayyana kansa a cikin fasaha ba a matsayin tunani mai zurfi ba, amma a cikin nama mai rai na fasaha. hoto, a matsayin ma'anar ciki na haruffa da abubuwan da suka faru. Ko da a cikin raye-rayen gida mafi sauƙi (ballroom) akwai ra'ayi na kyawun ɗan adam. In Nar. raye-raye za ku iya samun ra'ayoyin da suka danganci amincewar dec. nau'ikan aiki da halaye na kasa. rayuwa. A cikin wasan ballet, zane-zane na choreographic ya tashi zuwa tsarin hadaddun ɗabi'a-falsafa da ra'ayoyin zamantakewa. Ayyukan, ba tare da ma'anar akida ba, banza ne kuma maras ma'ana. A cikin kowane cikakken aikin fasaha, Ph.D. gagarumin dan Adam. ra'ayi: a cikin "Giselle" - ƙauna mai sadaukarwa, fansar mugunta; a cikin "Barci Beauty" - nasara mai kyau a kan yaudara da sojojin duhu; a cikin "The Flames of Paris" - nasarar juyin juya hali. mutane fiye da tsofaffin azuzuwan; a cikin "Spartacus" - ban tausayi. rasuwan jarumta a gwagwarmayar tudun mun tsira. farin ciki, da dai sauransu.

Mahimmanci a cikin kowane fasaha na gaske, I. bayyana kanta a cikin ballet a wata hanya ta musamman. Ko da yake babu wata kalma a cikin ballet, raye-raye na iya bayyana irin waɗannan inuwar jihohi da jin daɗin mutumin da ba su da damar yin amfani da kalmar. Yana bayyana tunani ya canza zuwa ji, da jin cike da tunani. Tunanin yana kunshe ne a cikin ballet kuma ta hanyar ma'anar yanayi, rikice-rikice, abubuwan da suka faru. ayyuka. Yana da, kamar yadda yake, ƙarshe daga bambance-bambance, kwatancen, haɓakawa da haɓaka aikin, daga dukkan tsarin siffa na aikin kuma ya zama ma'anarsa ta ciki. Duk abubuwan da ke cikin aikin suna ƙarƙashin yanayin tunaninsa. Na biyun ba za a iya bayyana shi kawai bisa sharadi ba kuma kusan a cikin taƙaitaccen tsari na magana (misali, nasara na alheri a kan mugunta, rashin jituwar ƙauna da muguwar yanayin rayuwa, jarumtakar mutane wajen yin tsayayya da abokan gaba, da sauransu). A taƙaice, duk takamaiman cikar sa yana bayyana a cikin ma'anar choreographic. aiki gaba ɗaya. Hanyoyin zuwa wannan sun bambanta kuma ana iya bayyana su ta hanyar waƙa. jin ("Chopiniana", ballet ta M. M. Fokin, 1907; "Classical Symphony" zuwa waƙar ta S. S. Prokofiev, ballet na K. F. Boyarsky, 1961), makirci da haruffan haruffa ["Fountain Bakhchisarai" (1934) da Dokin Bronze (1949). R. V. Zakharov], mawaki. misali - alama, mutum, misali ("1905" zuwa music na 11th symphony na Shostakovich, ballet na I. D. Belsky, 1966; "Halittar Duniya" na Petrov, ballet ta V. N. Elizariev, 1976), hadaddun hade da lyrical-motsi, mãkirci-bayanai da almara-alama. gama gari (Furen Dutse, 1957; Spartacus, 1968, ballet ta Yu. N. Grigorovich). A cikin wasan kwaikwayo The Legend of Love (1961, ballet na Grigorovich), kowane bangare yana ƙarƙashin wahayin ra'ayin girman mutumin da yake nuna kansa cikin ƙauna, cikin sadaukarwa da sunan aiki. Ba kawai abubuwan da suka faru ba, har ma da choreographic. bayani, takamaiman rawa. da plasticity na duk aukuwa ne da nufin embodying da tsakiyar ra'ayin na aikin, wanda samun a cikin choreographic. nama mai siffar nama. Don fasahar ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararru, wadda ta yaɗu a ƙasashen jari hujja da yawa. Yamma, halin rashin ra'ayi, fanko na ruhaniya, tsari. Mujiya. choreographic art of I. shi ne halayyar zuwa babban mataki. Yana daya daga cikin muhimman ka'idoji na hakikar gurguzu, nunin bangaranci na fasaha. Idan a cikin karni na 19 ballet, iyakacin kotu-aristocratic. aesthetics, dangane da matakinsa, I. baya bayan sauran fasaha, haifar da suka daga wakilan ci-gaban akida, sannan a cikin mujiya. lokaci a cikin ballet, kamar yadda a cikin dukkan zane-zane, an yanke shawarar batutuwan akida gabaɗaya. ayyukan da rayuwar mutane ta gabatar. Ta hanyar wadata da zurfin ra'ayoyin owls. Ballet wani mataki ne na ci gaba a cikin ci gaban zane-zane na duniya. Duk da haka, yana nufin. ra'ayoyi, ko da yake sun zama yanayi don ma'anar zurfin abin kallo, a cikin kansu ba su tabbatar da ikon tasirinsa ta atomatik ba. Art da ake bukata. haske na siffar waɗannan ra'ayoyin, da lallashe hanyoyin magance su daidai da ƙayyadaddun abubuwan choreographic.

A mataki na farko na ci gaban owls. Mawakan wasan ballet sun nemi shigar da ma'anar. al'ummomi. ra'ayoyi a cikin sharadi, alama-misali. siffofin, wanda sau da yawa ya kai ga schematism da abstraction (wasan kwaikwayo na rawa "The Greatness of Universe" zuwa kiɗa na 4th symphony na L. Beethoven, 1923, "The Red Whirlwind" by Deshevov, 1924, dan wasan ballet FV Lopukhov). A cikin 30s. mawaƙa sun kai ma'ana. nasarori akan hanyar kusantar ballet tare da adabi da wasan kwaikwayo. gidan wasan kwaikwayo, wanda ya ba da gudummawa ga ƙarfafa I., kuma ra'ayoyin sun sanye da nama da jini na gaskiya. wasan kwaikwayo (The Fountain of Bakhchisarai, 1934, ballet na Zakharov; Romeo da Juliet, 1940, ballet na Lavrovsky). Daga con. Shekaru 50 a cikin ballet na owls sun haɗa da ƙarin hadaddun siffofin choreographic. yanke shawara waɗanda suka haɗa nasarorin lokutan baya kuma sun ba da izinin bayyana ma'anar. ra'ayoyin falsafa da ɗabi'a sun fi takamaiman. don ballet a hanya (aikin Grigorovich, Belsky, OM Vinogradov, ND Kasatkina da V. Yu. Vasilev, da dai sauransu). A cikin mujiya na zamani. ballet yana amfani da nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan kayan aiki iri-iri. abun ciki na akida. Nasa I. ba ya rabuwa da fasaha, da ƙayyadaddun bayanai. choreographic tasiri. fasaha ga mai kallo.

Ballet. Encyclopedia, SE, 1981