Tarihin piano

Kowane yaro na Soviet yana tunawa da babban kayan kida wanda ke mamaye rabin daki a cikin ƙananan ɗakunanmu - piano. An yi la'akari da abin alatu da larura ga iyalai da yawa. A cikin ƙarni na ƙarshe, kowace yarinya ko yarinya kawai dole ne su iya kunna wannan kayan aikin.Shin yana da nasa sirrin? Yana iya zama kamar cewa a cikin shekarunmu, sha'awar shi ya bushe, amma watakila wani zai sake yin la'akari da ra'ayinsu game da piano, bayan ya koyi aikin aiki da lokaci don ƙirƙirar sauti na zamani na yau da kullum da kuma dacewa da bayyanarsa. Har ila yau, nawa ayyuka na ba kawai ƙaunatattun litattafai ba, har ma da ƙwararrun ƙwararrun zamani, an ƙirƙira su ta hanyar amfani da sautin piano, wannan kayan aiki mai ban tsoro, da alama dadewa.

Ta yaya kuma me yasa aka halicci piano? Piano ƙaramin nau'in piano ne. Na gaba na piano su ne clavichords da garayu. An ƙirƙiri wannan kayan aikin musamman don kiɗan cikin gida da ake kunnawa a cikin ƙananan ɗakuna. Piano - a cikin Italiyanci "piano", fassara a matsayin "kananan piano". Yanzu yana da sauƙi a gane dalilin da yasa ake buƙatar wannan kayan aiki, a gaban piano. Ba kamar babban piano ba, kirtani, allon sauti da na'ura na piano an shirya su a tsaye, don haka yana ɗaukar sarari kaɗan a cikin ɗakin. Kuma wannan yana da mahimmanci, saboda bayan lokaci, kayan kida da kiɗa sun zama masu sauƙi ga talakawa, kuma sun ƙaura daga katanga zuwa gidajen talakawa. Saboda ƙaƙƙarfan girmansa, piano yana da sauti mafi shuru fiye da babban piano. A zahiri ba a amfani da shi don dalilai na kide kide. Italiya ita ce wurin haifuwar piano na farko. An ƙirƙira shi a cikin 1709 ta masanin Italiyanci Bartolomeo Cristofori. Ya ɗauki jikin garaya da tsarin maɓalli na clavichord a matsayin tushe. Wannan taron ya ba da kuzari ga bayyanar piano.

A cikin 1800, Ba'amurke J. Hawkins ya ƙirƙira piano na farko a duniya. A cikin 1801, M. Muller daga Ostiraliya ya ƙirƙira irin wannan ƙirar, amma tare da feda. Don haka, mutane biyu daban-daban, waɗanda ba su san juna ba, waɗanda suke zaune a nahiyoyi daban-daban sun haifar da wannan abin al'ajabi! Duk da haka, piano a lokacin bai kalli duk yadda al'umma ta san ta ba a yanzu. Za ta karbi nau'in ta na zamani ne kawai a tsakiyar karni na 19.

A Rasha, sun koyi game da piano a 1818-1820 godiya ga masters Tischner da Virta. Don haka… bayan kusan shekaru ɗari na wanzuwar piano, mun kuma koyi game da shi. Kuma suna ƙauna. Piano ya faɗi cikin soyayya har wannan kayan aikin ya ci gaba da inganta kusan shekaru ɗari uku. A cikin karni na 20, pianos na lantarki da na'urori masu haɗawa da yawa sun bayyana. Idan kun tono cikin tarihi, kayan aiki wanda watakila wani yayi la'akari da tsohuwar, kuma ayyukansa ba su da ban sha'awa a cikin sauti, a gaskiya ma, 'ya'yan itacen ba kawai basira ba ne, har ma da aiki mai wuyar gaske, har ma a lokacin da babu irin wannan lantarki " masu fafatawa” don piano. ” kamar yanzu.

A bayyane yake, lokacin da aka haifi wannan kayan aikin, an haifi masu fasaha tare da shi don ƙirƙirar zane-zane a kansa. Ko ta yaya, domin kiɗan wannan kayan aikin da ba a saba ba ya ba da jin daɗi, dole ne a ƙaunace shi, ji, fahimta.