Chansonnier |

Chansonier (Chansonnier na Faransa, daga chanson - waƙa).

1) Faransanci. mawaka da mawaƙa (sau da yawa mawallafin waƙoƙin su, wani lokacin kiɗan su; yawanci suna amfani da fitattun waƙoƙi). Asalin Faransanci Sh. Komawa ga kwat ɗin mawaƙa, ƴan mawaƙa, ƴan ƙwallo. Tun daga satire. "Mazarinade" (karni na 17) yana cikin aikin Sh. canza launi, wanda ya kasance mai haske musamman a lokacin juyin juya halin 1830, 1848 da kuma Paris Commune na 1871. A cikin ci gaban demokradiyya na juyin juya hali. Al'adun Faransanci. wakoki da fasaha-wa Sh. ya taka rawar gani ta musamman fr. mawaki PJ Beranger, wanda ya kunshi cikin wakokinsa cikakken tarihi. zamani 2nd bene na 19th karni Ya sa a gaba Swiss juyin juya halin, daga cikinsu E. Pottier, marubucin rubutun na Internationale, da JB Clement, mawaƙi kuma memba na Paris Commune. Wanda ya gaji al'adunsu shi ne mawaki-Sh. G. Montegus, waƙoƙi kuma za su yi. VI Lenin ya daraja kwat ɗin sosai (an sake jin waƙoƙin Montegus a cikin shekarun Faransanci). Daga con. Karni na 19 Sh. kuma ana kiransa da yawa prof. estr. mawaƙa. Faɗin rarraba cafe-chantans, cabarets ("Sha noir"), sa'an nan kuma ɗakunan kiɗa sun ba da gudummawa ga fitowar galaxy na shahararrun mawaƙa, daga cikinsu - I. Gilbert, mawaƙin 'yan tawaye A. Bruant (bayyanar waɗannan masu fasaha). Bafaranshen mai fasaha A. Toulouse-Lautrec ne ya kama shi akan fastoci). Bayan Yaƙin Duniya na ɗaya (1-1914), an soma raguwar siyasa. waƙoƙi. Hadisan Dimokuradiyya Sh. a cikin 18s. Karni na 50 ya sami tunani a cikin aikin mawaƙi, mawaki kuma mawaƙi F. Lemark. Wakokin E. Piaf sun shahara a duniya. Aikin jarida. da kaifin rubutu, da wadatar sifofin waka, da sha’awa ya bambanta waƙoƙin zamani. C. – C. Trenet, J. Brassens, J. Brel, J. Beco, M. Chevalier, C. Aznavour, S. Adamo, M. Mathieu. Da'awar Sh. tabbatar da nufin. tasiri a kan ci gaban zamani na duniya estr. kiɗa.

2) Sunan tarin waƙoƙin da aka rubuta da hannu ko bugu da aka yi amfani da su a Faransa Dec. marubutan ƙarni na 13-14. da tarin vaudeville 18-19 ƙarni.

References: Butkovskaya T., Waƙar Faransa a Moscow, "MF", 1973, No 2; Erisman Guy, waƙar Faransa, (M., 1974); Bercy A. de, Ziwis A., A Montmartre… da soir. Cabarets et chansonniers d hier, P., (1951); Brochon P., La chanson populaire ko XIX siècle. Sociétés chantantes et goguettes, a cikin: La chanson française. Byranger et son temps, P., 1956; A cikin arjon L., La chanson d aujourd hui, P., (1959); Rioux L., 20 ans de chansons a Faransa, (P., 1966).

IA Medvedeva