Yadda ake zabar amplifier

Ba tare da la’akari da salon kiɗan da girman wurin ba, lasifika da na’urori masu ƙarfi suna ɗaukar aiki mai ban tsoro na mayar da siginar lantarki zuwa igiyoyin sauti. Mafi yawan An sanya aiki mai wahala ga amplifier: siginar fitarwa mai rauni da aka ɗauka daga kayan aiki, Microphones kuma dole ne a haɓaka wasu hanyoyin zuwa matakin da ƙarfin da ake buƙata don aikin yau da kullun na acoustics. A cikin wannan bita, masanan kantin sayar da "Student" za su taimaka wajen sauƙaƙe aikin zabar amplifier.

Mahimman sigogi

Bari mu dubi sigogin fasaha wanda zabin da ya dace ya dogara.

Watt nawa?

Mafi muhimmin siga na wani amplifier shine ikon fitarwa. Ma'auni na ma'auni don wutar lantarki shine Watt . Ƙarfin fitarwa na amplifiers na iya bambanta sosai. Don tantance idan amplifier yana da isasshen ƙarfi don tsarin sautin ku, yana da mahimmanci a fahimci cewa masana'anta suna auna ƙarfi ta hanyoyi daban-daban. Akwai manyan nau'ikan iko guda biyu:

• Ƙarfin iko - ikon amplifier, wanda aka samu a matsakaicin yuwuwar (kololuwar) matakin sigina. Ƙimar ƙarfin kololuwa gabaɗaya ba su dace da ƙima na gaskiya ba kuma masana'anta sun bayyana su don dalilai na talla.
• Ci gaba ko RMS iko shine ikon amplifier a cikinsa wanda ƙayyadaddun juzu'in da ba na layi ba yayi ƙanƙanta kuma bai wuce ƙayyadadden ƙimar ba. A wasu kalmomi, wannan shine matsakaicin matsakaicin ƙarfi a akai-akai, mai aiki, mai ƙididdigewa, wanda AU zai iya aiki na dogon lokaci. Wannan ƙimar da gaske tana siffanta ƙarfin aiki da aka auna. Lokacin kwatanta ƙarfin amplifiers daban-daban, tabbatar cewa kuna kwatanta ƙimar ɗaya don haka, a alamance, ba ku kwatanta lemu da apples. Wani lokaci masana'antun ba sa ƙayyade ainihin abin da aka nuna ikon a cikin kayan talla. A irin waɗannan lokuta, ya kamata a nemi gaskiya a cikin littafin mai amfani ko a gidan yanar gizon masana'anta.
• Wani siga shine ikon halatta. Game da tsarin sauti, yana nuna juriya na masu magana da thermal da inji lalacewa yayin aiki na dogon lokaci tare da siginar amo kamar " ruwan hoda amo ". A cikin kimanta halayen ƙarfin amplifiers, duk da haka, RMS ikon har yanzu yana aiki azaman ƙarin ƙimar haƙiƙa .
  Ƙarfin amplifier ya dogara ne akan impedance (juriya) na masu magana da aka haɗa da shi. Misali, amplifier yana fitar da ikon 1100 W lokacin da aka haɗa masu magana da juriya na 8 ohms, kuma lokacin da aka haɗa masu magana da juriya na 4 ohms, riga 1800. W , watau, acoustics tare da juriya na 4 ohms yana ɗaukar amplifier fiye daacoustics tare da juriya na 8 ohms.
  Lokacin ƙididdige ikon da ake buƙata, yi la'akari da yankin ɗakin da nau'in kiɗan da ake kunnawa. A fili yake cewa a jama'a Guitar duet yana buƙatar ƙarancin ƙarfi don samar da sauti fiye da ƙungiyar da ke wasa da ƙarfen mutuwa. Lissafin wutar lantarki ya haɗa da masu canji da yawa kamar ɗakin acoustics , yawan 'yan kallo, nau'in wurin (bude ko rufe) da dai sauransu. Aƙalla, yana kama da wannan (ana ba da ƙimar ƙarfin murabba'i):
  - 25-250 W - jama'a aiki a cikin ƙaramin ɗaki (kamar kantin kofi) ko a gida;
  - 250-750 W - yin kiɗan pop a wurare masu matsakaicin girma (jazz kulob ko gidan wasan kwaikwayo);
  - 1000-3000 W - wasan kida na dutse a wurare masu matsakaici (zauren kide-kide ko biki a kan karamin budewa);
  - 4000-15000 W - wasan kwaikwayo na kiɗan dutse ko "karfe" akan manyan wurare (fage na dutse, filin wasa).

Yanayin aiki Amplifier

Lokacin nazarin halaye na nau'ikan amplifier daban-daban, zaku lura cewa yawancin su ana nuna ikon ta tashoshi. Dangane da yanayin, ana iya haɗa tashoshi ta hanyoyi daban-daban.
A cikin yanayin sitiriyo, da hanyoyin fitarwa guda biyu (sakamakon hagu da dama akan mahaɗin ) an haɗa su zuwa amplifier ta hanyar tashoshi daban-daban kowanne. An haɗa tashoshi zuwa masu magana ta hanyar haɗin fitarwa, ƙirƙirar tasirin sitiriyo - ra'ayi na sararin sauti mai faɗi.
A cikin yanayin layi daya, Ana haɗa tushen shigarwa ɗaya zuwa duka tashoshi na amplifier. A wannan yanayin, ana rarraba ikon amplifier akan masu magana.
A cikin yanayin gada, da sitiriyo amplifier ya zama mafi ƙarfi mono amplifier. A ciki yanayin gada» tashar guda ɗaya ce kawai ke aiki, wanda ikonsa ya ninka sau biyu.

Ƙimar Amplifier yawanci jera ikon fitarwa don duka sitiriyo da hanyoyin gada. Lokacin aiki a yanayin gada ɗaya, bi littafin mai amfani don hana lalacewa ga amplifier.

Channels

Lokacin la'akari da adadin tashoshi da kuke buƙata, abu na farko da za ku yi la'akari shine masu magana nawa kana so ka haɗa zuwa amplifier da ta yaya. Yawancin amplifiers tashoshi biyu ne kuma suna iya fitar da lasifika biyu a cikin sitiriyo ko mono. Akwai nau'ikan tashoshi huɗu, kuma a wasu adadin tashoshi na iya kaiwa zuwa takwas.

Amplifier tashoshi biyu CROWN XLS 2000

Samfuran tashoshi masu yawa, a tsakanin sauran abubuwa, suna ba ku damar haɗawa ƙarin masu magana zuwa amplifier ɗaya . Duk da haka, irin waɗannan amplifiers, a matsayin mai mulkin, sun fi tsada fiye da tashoshi biyu na al'ada tare da wannan iko, saboda wani tsari mai mahimmanci da manufa.

Amplifier tashoshi huɗu BEHRINGER iNUKE NU4-6000

Class D Amplifier

Ana rarraba amplifiers na wutar lantarki bisa ga yadda suke aiki tare da siginar shigarwa da ka'idar gina matakan haɓakawa. Za ku ci karo da azuzuwan kamar A, B, AB, C, D, da sauransu.

Sabbin tsararraki na tsarin sauti mai ɗaukuwa an sanye su da su class D amplifiers , waɗanda ke da babban ƙarfin fitarwa tare da ƙananan nauyi da girma. A cikin aiki, sun fi sauƙi kuma sun fi dogara fiye da kowane nau'i.

I/O iri

bayanai

Mai daidaitattun amplifiers an sanye su da a kalla XLR ( Reno ) masu haɗawa, amma galibi ana samun ¼ inch, TRS da wasu lokuta masu haɗin RSA ban da su. Misali, Crown's XLS2500 yana da ¼-inch, TRS, da masu haɗin XLR .

Lura cewa daidaitacce XLR haɗin yana da kyau a yi amfani da shi lokacin da kebul ɗin ya yi tsawo. A cikin tsarin DJ, tsarin sauti na gida, da wasu tsarin sauti masu rai inda igiyoyi suka fi guntu, ya dace don amfani da masu haɗin RCA coaxial.

jimloli

Waɗannan su ne manyan nau'ikan haɗin kai guda biyar da ake amfani da su a cikin na'urori masu ƙarfi:

1. Rufe "Terminals" - a matsayin mai mulkin, a cikin tsarin sauti na al'ummomin da suka gabata, ƙananan ƙarshen wayoyi masu magana suna karkatar da su a kusa da matsi na tashar. Wannan haɗin gwiwa ne mai ƙarfi kuma abin dogaro, amma yana ɗaukar lokaci don gyara shi. Hakanan, bai dace ba ga mawakan kide-kide waɗanda galibi suna hawa / tarwatsa kayan sauti.

Rukunin tasha

2. Banana jakin - ƙaramin mai haɗin mata na silinda; ana amfani da su don haɗa igiyoyi tare da matosai (masu haɗawa) na nau'in iri ɗaya. Wani lokaci yana haɗa masu gudanarwa na fitarwa mai kyau da mara kyau.

3. Speakon haši - Neutrik ya haɓaka. An ƙera shi don manyan igiyoyin ruwa, na iya ƙunsar lambobi 2, 4 ko 8. Don lasifikan da ba su da matosai masu dacewa, akwai adaftar Speakon.

Mai haɗa magana

4. XLR - Ma'auni masu daidaita madaidaitan fil uku, yi amfani da madaidaicin haɗin gwiwa kuma suna da mafi kyawun rigakafin amo. Sauƙi don haɗi kuma abin dogara.

XLR masu haɗawa

5. ¼ inch mai haɗawa - haɗi mai sauƙi kuma abin dogara, musamman a cikin yanayin masu amfani da ƙananan iko. Ƙananan abin dogara idan akwai manyan masu amfani da wutar lantarki.

DSP da aka gina

Wasu samfuran amplifier suna sanye da su DSP (aikin siginar dijital), wanda ke canza siginar shigarwar analog zuwa rafi na dijital don ƙarin sarrafawa da sarrafawa. Ga wasu daga cikin DSP Abubuwan da aka haɗa cikin amplifiers:

Iyakance - iyakance kololuwar siginar shigarwa don hana wuce gona da iri na amplifier ko lalata lasifikar.

Tacewar – Wasu DSP -Amplifiers da aka haɗa suna da ƙarancin wucewa, babban wucewa, ko matatun bandpass don haɓaka wasu mitoci da/ko hana ƙarancin mitar (VLF) lalacewa ga amplifier.

Kirkiro – Rarraba siginar fitarwa zuwa maƙallan mitar don ƙirƙirar mitar aiki da ake so jeri . (Masu wucewa a cikin lasifikan tashoshi da yawa suna yin karo da juna yayin amfani da a DSP crossover a cikin amplifier.)

matsawa hanya ce ta iyakance ƙarfin aiki kewayon an siginar sauti don ƙarawa shi ko kawar da murdiya.

Misalai masu ƙara ƙarfi

BEHRINGER iNUKE NU3000	Alto MAC 2.2
YAMAHA P2500S	Farashin XTi4002