Georges Auric |

Georges Auric

Memba na Cibiyar Faransa (1962). Ya yi karatu a Montpellier Conservatory (piano), sa'an nan a Paris Conservatory (aji na counterpoint da fugue tare da J. Cossade), a lokaci guda a 1914-16 - a Schola Cantorum tare da V. d'Andy (composition class) . Tuni yana da shekaru 10 ya fara yin waƙa, yana ɗan shekara 15 ya fara yin waƙa a matsayin mawaki (a shekara ta 1914, an yi waƙar soyayya a cikin kide-kide na National Musical Society).

A cikin 1920s ya kasance na shida. Kamar sauran membobi na wannan ƙungiyar, Orik ya mayar da martani ga sabon yanayin ƙarni. Misali, ana jin tasirin jazz a cikin foxtrot nasa "Farewell, New York" ("Adieu, New York", 1920). Matashin mawaki (J. Cocteau ya sadaukar da ƙasidar Rooster da Harlequin, 1918 gare shi) ya kasance mai sha'awar wasan kwaikwayo da ɗakin kiɗa. A cikin 20s. ya rubuta kiɗa don wasanni masu ban mamaki: Molière's Boring (daga baya aka sake yin aiki a cikin ballet), Beaumarchais's Marriage of Figaro, Ashar's Malbrook, Zimmer's Birds da Meunier bayan Aristophanes; "Mace Silent" na Ashar da Ben-Johnson da sauransu.

A cikin wadannan shekaru, ya fara aiki tare da SP Diaghilev da tawagarsa "Rasha Ballet", wanda ya shirya wasan kwaikwayo na Orik "Troublesome" (1924), da kuma musamman rubuta mata ballets "Sailors" (1925), "Pastoral" (1926). ), "Hakika" (1934). Tare da zuwan silima mai sauti, Orik, wanda wannan babban fasaha ya ɗauke shi, ya rubuta kiɗa don fina-finai, gami da Blood of the Poet (1930), Freedom for Us (1932), Kaisar da Cleopatra (1946), Beauty da Dabba "( 1946), Orpheus "(1950).

Ya kasance memba na hukumar ta People's Musical Federation (tun 1935), ya shiga cikin gwagwarmayar anti-fascist. Ya ƙirƙiri waƙoƙin jama'a da yawa, ciki har da "Sing, 'yan mata" (waƙoƙin L. Moussinac), wanda wani nau'i ne na waƙa ga matasan Faransanci a cikin shekaru kafin yakin duniya na biyu. Daga karshen 2s. Orik ya rubuta kadan kadan. Tun da 50, Shugaban {ungiyar don Kare Haƙƙin mallaka na Mawaƙa da Mawallafin Kiɗa, a cikin 1954-1957 Shugaban Wasan Waƙoƙin Lamoureux, a cikin 60-1962 Babban Darakta na Gidajen Opera na Kasa (Grand Opera da Opera Comic).

Mawaƙin ɗan adam, Auric yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan mawakan Faransa na zamani. An bambanta shi da kyautar waƙa mai arziƙi, mai ba da dariya ga kaifi da ban dariya. Kiɗa na Orik yana siffantuwa da tsabtar ƙirar waƙa, da aka jaddada sauƙi na harshen jituwa. Ayyukansa irin su Waƙoƙi huɗu na Wahala Faransa (zuwa waƙoƙin L. Aragon, J. Superville, P. Eluard, 1947), zagayowar waƙoƙin 6 zuwa na gaba, suna cike da halayen ɗan adam. Eluara (1948). Daga cikin abubuwan da aka tsara na ɗakin daki-daki, ƙwararrun piano sonata F-dur (1931) ta fice. Ɗaya daga cikin manyan ayyukansa shine ballet Phaedra (dangane da rubutun Cocteau, 1950), wanda masu sukar Faransanci suka kira "mummunan bala'i."

Abubuwan da aka tsara:

ballets – Boring (Les facheux, 1924, Monte Carlo); Sailors (Les matelots, 1925, Paris), Pastoral (1926, ibid.), Charms of Alcina (Les enchantements d'Alcine 1929, ibid.), Rivalry (La concurrence, 1932, Monte Carlo), Imaginary (Les imaginaires, 1934 , Ibid.), The Artist and His Model (Le peintre et son modele, 1949, Paris), Phaedra (1950, Florence), The Path of Light (Le chemin de lumiere, 1952), The Room (La chambre, 1955, Paris), barayin ball (Le bal des voleurs, 1960, Nervi); za orc. - overture (1938), suite daga ballet Phaedra (1950), symphony. suite (1960) da sauransu; suite don guitar da makaɗa; chamber-instr. ƙungiyoyi; za fp. – preludes, sonata F-dur (1931), impromptu, 3 pastorals, Partita (na 2 fp., 1955); soyayya, waƙoƙi, kiɗa don wasan kwaikwayo. gidan wasan kwaikwayo da cinema. Lit. cit.: Tarihin kansa, a cikin: Bruor J., L'écran des musiciens, P., [1930]; Sanarwa sur la vie et les travaux de J. Ibert, P., 1963

Ayyukan adabi: Tarihin kansa, a cikin: Bruyr J., L'écran des mawaƙa, P., (1930); Sanarwa sur la vie et les travaux de J. Ibert, P., 1963

References: Sabuwar Kidan Faransanci. "Shida". Sat. Art. I. Glebov, S. Ginzburg da D. Milo, L., 1926; Schneerson G., Kiɗa na Faransa na karni na XX, M., 1964, 1970; nasa, Biyu daga cikin "Shida", "MF", 1974, No 4; Kosacheva R., Georges Auric da farkon ballets, "SM", 1970, No 9; Landormy R., La musique française apris Débussy, (P., 1943); Rostand C, La musique française contemporaine, P., 1952, 1957; Jour-dan-Morhange J., Mes amis musiciens, P., (1955) (Fassarar Rashanci - E. Jourdan-Morhange, Abokai na mawaƙa, M., 1966); Golia A., G. Auric, P., (1); Dumesni1958 R., Histoire de la musique des ya samo asali ne a nos Jours, v. 1 – La première moitié du XXe sícle, P., 5 (Fassarar Rashanci na guntu daga aikin - R. Dumesnil, Mawallafin Faransanci na zamani na Ƙungiyar Shida , L., 1960); Poulenc F., Moi et mes amis, P.-Gen., (1964) (Fassarar Rashanci - Poulenc R., Ni da abokaina, L., 1963).

IA Medvedeva