Gennady Rozhdestvensky |

Gennady Rozhdestvensky

Gennady Rozhdestvensky wani hali ne mai haske da basira mai karfi, abin alfahari na al'adun kiɗa na Rasha. Kowane mataki na ayyukan kirkire-kirkire na mashahuran mawakan duniya babban bangare ne na rayuwar al'adun zamaninmu, da nufin yin hidima ga Kiɗa, "manufa ta kawo Kyawun" (a cikin kalmominsa).

Gennady Rozhdestvensky ya sauke karatu daga Moscow State Conservatory a piano tare da Lev Oborin da kuma a gudanar da mahaifinsa, fitaccen shugaba Nikolai Anosov, kazalika da postgraduate karatu a Conservatory.

Yawancin shafuka masu haske na m biography Gennady Rozhdestvensky suna hade da Bolshoi Theater. Duk da yake har yanzu yana dalibi a ɗakin karatu, ya fara halarta a karon tare da Tchaikovsky's The Sleeping Beauty (matashi mai horarwa ya yi dukan wasan kwaikwayon ba tare da ci ba!). A cikin wannan shekarar 1951, bayan da ya wuce gasar cancantar, an yarda da shi a matsayin jagoran ballet na Bolshoi Theatre kuma ya yi aiki a cikin wannan damar har zuwa 1960. Rozhdestvensky ya gudanar da wasan ballets The Fountain of Bakhchisaray, Swan Lake, Cinderella, The Tale of the Stone Flower da sauran wasan kwaikwayo na gidan wasan kwaikwayo, sun shiga cikin samar da ballet na R. Shchedrin The Little Humpbacked Horse (1960). A cikin 1965-70. Gennady Rozhdestvensky shi ne shugaban gudanarwa na Bolshoi Theater. Wasan kwaikwayo na wasan kwaikwayo ya haɗa da operas kusan arba'in da ballets. Jagoran ya shiga cikin ayyukan Khachaturian's Spartacus (1968), Carmen Suite na Bizet-Shchedrin (1967), Tchaikovsky's The Nutcracker (1966) da sauransu; A karon farko a fagen wasan kwaikwayo na Rasha sun shirya wasan kwaikwayo na operas The Human Voice na Poulenc (1965), Britten's A Midsummer Night's Dream (1965). A shekarar 1978 ya koma Bolshoi Theatre a matsayin opera madugu (har zuwa 1983), halarci samar da dama opera wasanni, daga cikinsu Shostakovich Katerina Izmailova (1980) da kuma Prokofiev ta Betrothal a cikin wani sufi (1982). Shekaru da yawa daga baya, a cikin ranar tunawa, 225th Season na Bolshoi Theater Gennady Rozhdestvensky ya zama babban darektan fasaha na Bolshoi Theater (daga Satumba zuwa Yuni 2000), a wannan lokacin ya ɓullo da wani yawan ra'ayi ayyukan domin gidan wasan kwaikwayo da kuma shirya da farkon wasan opera na Prokofiev's The Gambler a cikin bugu na farko na marubucin.

A cikin 1950s sunan Gennady Rozhdestvensky ya zama sananne ga magoya na symphonic music. Fiye da rabin karni na ayyukan kirkire-kirkire, Maestro Rozhdestvensky ya kasance jagorar kusan dukkanin shahararrun wasannin kade-kade na Rasha da na kasashen waje. A cikin 1961-1974 ya kasance babban darektan kuma daraktan fasaha na BSO na Gidan Talabijin na Tsakiya da Radio All-Union. Daga 1974 zuwa 1985, G. Rozhdestvensky shi ne darektan kiɗa na gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Moscow Chamber Musical, inda, tare da darekta Boris Pokrovsky, ya sake farfado da wasan kwaikwayo na operas The Nose by DD Shostakovich da The Rake's Progress by IF Stravinsky, ya gudanar da wasanni masu ban sha'awa da dama. . A shekarar 1981, shugaba ya halitta Jihar Symphony Orchestra na Tarayyar Soviet Ma'aikatar Al'adu. Shekaru goma na jagorancin wannan rukuni ya zama lokacin ƙirƙirar shirye-shiryen kide-kide na musamman.

Mafi girman fassarar kiɗa na karni na 300, Rozhdestvensky ya gabatar da jama'ar Rasha zuwa ayyukan da ba a san su ba daga A. Schoenberg, P. Hindemith, B. Bartok, B. Martin, O. Messiaen, D. Milhaud, A. Honegger; A zahiri, ya mayar wa Rasha gadon Stravinsky. A karkashin jagorancinsa, an yi wasan kwaikwayo na farko na ayyukan R. Shchedrin, S. Slonimsky, A. Eshpay, B. Tishchenko, G. Kancheli, A. Schnittke, S. Gubaidulina, E. Denisov. Gudunmawar mai gudanarwa don kula da al'adun S. Prokofiev da D. Shostakovich ma yana da mahimmanci. Gennady Rozhdestvensky ya zama dan wasa na farko a Rasha da kuma kasashen waje na ayyuka da yawa na Alfred Schnittke. Gabaɗaya, yin aiki tare da yawancin manyan makada na duniya, ya yi fiye da 150 guda a karon farko a Rasha da sama da XNUMX a karon farko a duniya. R. Shchedrin, A. Schnittke, S. Gubaidulina da sauran mawaƙa da yawa sun sadaukar da ayyukansu ga Rozhdestvensky.

A tsakiyar 70s, Gennady Rozhdestvensky ya zama daya daga cikin mafi girma madugu a Turai. Daga 1974 zuwa 1977 ya jagoranci kungiyar kade-kade ta Stockholm Philharmonic Symphony, daga baya ya jagoranci kungiyar makada ta BBC London (1978-1981), kungiyar kade-kaden Symphony Vienna (1980-1982). Bugu da kari, a cikin shekaru Rozhdestvensky aiki tare da Berlin Philharmonic Orchestra, Royal Concertgebouw Orchestra (Amsterdam), London, Chicago, Cleveland da kuma Tokyo Symphony Orchestras (girmama da na yanzu shugaba na Yomiuri Orchestra) da sauran ensembles.

A cikin duka, Rozhdestvensky tare da mawaƙa daban-daban sun rubuta fiye da 700 rikodin da CD. Jagoran ya rubuta zagayowar duk wani wasan kwaikwayo na S. Prokofiev, D. Shostakovich, G. Mahler, A. Glazunov, A. Bruckner, ayyuka da yawa na A. Schnittke akan faranti. Rikodin jagoran sun sami kyaututtuka: Grand Prix na Le Chant Du Monde, difloma daga Kwalejin Charles Cros a Paris (don rikodin duk waƙoƙin Prokofiev, 1969).

Rozhdestvensky - marubucin da dama qagaggun, daga cikinsu akwai monumental oratorio "Dokar ga Rasha mutane" ga mai karatu, soloists, mawaƙa da makada ga kalmomin A. Remizov.

Gennady Rozhdestvensky yana ba da lokaci mai yawa da kuzarin ƙirƙira don koyarwa. Tun 1974 ya ke koyarwa a Sashen Opera da Symphony Conducting na Moscow Conservatory, tun 1976 ya zama farfesa, tun 2001 ya zama shugaban Sashen Opera da Symphony Conducting. G. Rozhdestvensky ya kawo galaxy na masu jagoranci masu basira, daga cikinsu akwai masu fasaha na mutane na Rasha Valery Polyansky da Vladimir Ponkin. Maestro ya rubuta kuma ya buga littattafan "Yatsu Mai Gudanarwa", "Tunanin Kiɗa" da "Triangles"; Littafin "Preambles" yana ƙunshe da rubutun bayani waɗanda ya yi a cikin kide-kide nasa, tun daga 1974. A cikin 2010, an buga sabon littafinsa, Mosaic.

Ayyukan GN Rozhdestvensky zuwa fasaha suna da alamun girmamawa: Mawallafin Jama'a na USSR, Hero of Socialist Labor, Laureate na Lenin Prize. Gennady Rozhdestvensky - Memba na girmamawa na Royal Swedish Academy, Daraja Academician na Turanci Royal Academy of Music, farfesa. Daga cikin lambobin yabo na mawaƙa: Tsarin Bulgarian na Cyril da Methodius, Tsarin Jafananci na Rising Sun, Tsarin Girmama na Rasha don Uban ƙasa, digiri na IV, III da II. A shekara ta 2003, Maestro ya sami lakabi na Jami'in Order of the Legion of Honor na Faransa.

Gennady Rozhdestvensky ƙwararren ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne kuma mai gudanarwa na wasan kwaikwayo, pianist, malami, mawaki, marubucin littattafai da labarai, kyakkyawan mai magana, mai bincike, mai dawo da ƙima da yawa, masanin fasaha, masanin wallafe-wallafen, mai tarawa, mai ƙima. "Polyphony" na bukatun Maestro ya bayyana kansa a cikin cikakken ma'auni a cikin "shugabanci" na shirye-shiryen biyan kuɗi na shekara-shekara tare da Ƙungiyar Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru na Rasha, wanda Moscow Philharmonic ta gudanar fiye da shekaru 10.

Source: Gidan yanar gizon Philharmonic na Moscow