Acoustic guitar: description, abun da ke ciki, bambanci daga na gargajiya

Yana da kyau a ce guitar ita ce mafi shaharar dangin kayan kida. Ana amfani da kayan aikin a cikin kowane nau'ikan shahararrun kiɗan: pop, rock, blues, jazz, jama'a da sauransu. Daya daga cikin nau'ikan gita ana kiransa Acoustic.

Menene guitar motsa jiki

Acoustic guitar kayan kida ce mai zare. Ya kasance na rukunin kayan kida da aka tsince. Ana samar da sauti ta hanyar fizge ko buga igiyoyin da yatsu.

Na'urorin farko na kayan aikin sun bayyana a farkon karni na XNUMX BC, kamar yadda aka nuna ta hotunan wayewar Sumerian-Babila.

A cikin karni na III-IV, Zhuan ya bayyana a kasar Sin - kayan aiki mai kama da guitar. Turawa sun gyara ƙirar kuma sun gabatar da sauti na farko a cikin karni na XNUMX.

Kayan aikin ya sami nau'ikan zamani a ƙarshen karni na XNUMX bayan jerin gwaje-gwaje. Tsawon tarihi, sifar mawaƙan kiɗa ya canza, da girmansu da aikinsu.

Ta yaya ya bambanta da classic

Gita na gargajiya na kayan kida ne, amma al'ada ce a raba shi da fitattun kayan wasan kwaikwayo. Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakanin guitar sauti da guitar na gargajiya yana da mahimmanci.

Ana shigar da igiyoyin nailan a kan al'adun gargajiya, igiyoyin ƙarfe akan acoustics. Kayan kirtani suna ƙayyade sauti. Sautin nailan yana da laushi da shiru, karfe yana da ƙarfi da wadata. Ba shi yiwuwa a faɗi wane zaɓi ya fi kyau - duka ana amfani da su a cikin nau'ikan kiɗa daban-daban kuma don ƙirƙirar yanayi mai kyau.

Nisa daga cikin wuyansa na litattafai daga 50 mm. Abun wuyansa - 43-44 mm. Ga kowane samfuri, faɗin na iya bambanta da wanda aka karɓa gabaɗaya. Mafi girman wuyansa, mafi girman rata tsakanin kirtani.

Don sarrafa jujjuyawar wuya a cikin sauti, ana amfani da anga. Classic yana da buɗaɗɗen hanyar daidaita turaku.

Acoustic guitar na'urar

Shirye-shiryen manyan sassan acoustics iri ɗaya ne a duk samfuran. Babban abubuwa sune jiki, kai da wuyansa. Tsarin ƙwanƙwasa ya ƙunshi benaye biyu da harsashi. Ana haɗe igiyoyi zuwa saman bene, kuma bene na ƙasa yana kan baya. Harsashi yana aiki azaman mai haɗawa da bene.

A tsakiyar jiki akwai rami da ake kira "socket". Nau'in shari'a sun bambanta, sun bambanta a girman da ƙirar yanke.

Daga jiki yana shimfiɗa dogon wuyansa tare da shigar frets. Yawan frets shine 19-24. Sama da wuya shine "kai". A kai akwai tsarin fegi wanda ke riƙe da canza tashin hankali na igiyoyin.

Menene sautin guitar acoustic?

Sautin guitar mai sauti ya dogara da adadin frets, kirtani, da kunnawa. Gitar gargajiya tana yin sauti a cikin octaves huɗu. Nisa tsakanin frets biyu akan kirtani ɗaya shine semitone ɗaya.

Ta hanyar canza tashin hankali na igiyoyi, mawaƙa na iya canza sautin kayan aiki. Ɗaya daga cikin shahararrun kuma sauƙaƙan tuning shine rage kirtani na 6 sautin ƙasa da ƙasa. Maimakon bayanin kula E, an kunna kirtani zuwa D, wanda ke tasiri sosai ga sautin gabaɗaya.

Nau'in Gitatar Acoustic

Akwai nau'ikan gitar sauti kamar haka:

• Dreadnought. Mafi mashahuri nau'in, lokacin da ake magana game da acoustics, yawanci suna nufin shi. Babban fasalin shine babban jiki da sauti mai ƙarfi tare da bass mai bayyanawa. Madadin sunan – yamma da gitar pop. An yi amfani da shi azaman abin rakiya ga mai yin murya da sauran kayan kida.
• 12- kirtani. Bayyanawa da tsari suna kama da Yammacin Turai. Babban bambanci shine a cikin adadin kirtani - 12 maimakon 6. An tsara igiyoyi a cikin nau'i-nau'i: nau'i-nau'i na 2 na farko suna sauti iri ɗaya, sauran 4 - tare da bambancin octave. Wannan yana haifar da sauti mai arziki da wadata. Saboda karuwar adadin kirtani, ana buƙatar ƙarin ƙoƙari daga mai kunnawa lokacin kunna kiɗan, wannan nau'in ba a ba da shawarar ga masu farawa ba.
• Tare da yankewa. Babban sashi na zane yayi kama da ban tsoro, amma tare da yankewa a cikin ƙananan ɓangaren ƙwanƙwasa. An ƙera ƙira don sauƙaƙa yin wasa da manyan frets. Wasu mawaƙa sun soki kayan aikin cuta: ragewar jiki yana shafar inganci da ƙarar sautin da aka samar.
• Parlour. Gita mai rangwamen jiki da faffadan wuya. Yawancin lokaci ana yin wannan a cikin ƙananan ɗakuna. Ƙananan girman yana ba da daidaitattun sauti. Treble, mids da bass sauti a matakin ƙara ɗaya. An tsara babban wuyansa don ta'aziyyar yatsa ta hanyar ƙara nisa tsakanin igiyoyi.
• 7- kirtani. Wani suna shi ne guitar Rasha. Ya bambanta da daidaitattun acoustics ta kasancewar ƙarin kirtani da kuma daidaitawa na musamman - terts-quarte. A cikin karni na XXI, yana jin daɗin ɗan shahararsa.
• Jumbo. Suna da jiki mai girman gaske. Bass yana sauti da ƙarfi, wani lokacin yana danne tsakiyar.
• Electroacoustic. Acoustics tare da ɗora ɗamara ana kiransa electroacoustic. Babban fasalin shine ikon haɗa kayan aiki zuwa masu magana, amplifier, kwamfuta. Ana amfani da shi a ƙwararrun kide kide da wake-wake da lokacin yin rikodi a ɗakin studio.
• Semi-acoustic. Yana kama da guitar guitar, amma tare da babban allon sauti da rami a jiki. Bambanci daga gitar lantarki na al'ada shine ikon yin wasa ba tare da haɗawa da amplifier ba.

Yadda ake zabar guitar mai sauti

Don zaɓar madaidaicin guitar don mafari, maigidan guitar, yawanci a cikin shagunan kiɗa, zai taimaka. Koyaya, da farko ana ba da shawarar sanin nau'in guitar da kuke buƙata kuma ku fahimci irin kiɗan da kuke son kunnawa, karanta game da bambance-bambance da rabe-raben gita. Siffofin gitar mai sauti kuma suna taka muhimmiyar rawa. Ana buƙatar kiɗan gargajiya don kiɗan ilimi, ana ba da shawarar acoustics don shahararrun kiɗan.

Ana yin Dreadnoughts daga nau'ikan itace daban-daban. Zaɓuɓɓuka masu arha ana yin su ne daga spruce, yayin da za a iya amfani da itacen fure na Brazil a cikin masu tsada. Kayan kayan guitar yammacin ya dogara ba kawai akan farashin ba, har ma a kan sauti. Itace tana shafar inganci da sautin sauti.

Ya kamata a gwada kayan aiki yayin zaune. Ya kamata a riƙe nau'in guitar na yau da kullun daidai tare da jiki yana hutawa akan ƙafar dama.

Babu buƙatar ajiyewa lokacin siyan kayan aiki na farko kuma ɗauka cikin sauri. Ƙididdigar kasafin kuɗi na iya zama zaɓi mai kyau - ƙananan sauti da matsaloli tare da fretboard na iya hana sha'awar koyon yadda ake kunna kayan aiki.

Har ila yau, bai cancanci ɗaukar kayan aiki mai tsada ba. Kuna buƙatar nemo ma'anar zinariya kuma ku yi zaɓi mai kyau. A halin yanzu, mafi tsada acoustics a duniya shine CF Martin. An yi shi a cikin 1939. An yi amfani da shi ta guitarist Eric Clapton. An kiyasta a $959.

Kulawar Kayan aiki

Babban abu a lokacin da kula da acoustic guitar ne kula da zazzabi da zafi na dakin. Dole ne kada a sa kayan aikin ga canje-canje kwatsam a yanayin zafi.

Mafi kyawun zafin jiki don adana kayan acoustics shine digiri 20. Don ɗauka a cikin yanayin sanyi, kuna buƙatar amfani da akwati na guitar. Kawo kayan aiki daga titin sanyi zuwa cikin dakin dumi, ba za ku iya fara wasa nan da nan ba. A mafi kyau, tsarin zai ɓace, mafi munin, igiyoyin za su karya kuma za su lalace.

Yanayin zafi na ɗakin da aka adana kayan aiki bai kamata ya zama ƙasa da 40%. Rashin isasshen danshi yana haifar da bushewa daga tsarin. Maganin shine adana shi a cikin akwati, nesa da baturi.

Ana bada shawara don shafe jiki tare da zane don cire kayan maiko. Idan kayan aiki ba sabon abu ba ne, to, tare da taimakon goge, hasken yanayin ya dawo.

Kula da wuyansa - shafa daga ƙura da maiko. Ana amfani da man lemun tsami sosai don kawar da burbushin kitse.

Rashin bin shawarwarin don kula da kayan aiki yana haifar da lalacewa a cikin bayyanar da halayen kiɗa na kayan aiki.

Ana buƙatar kula da igiyoyin Acoustic don tsawaita rayuwarsu. Ya kamata a tsaftace igiyoyi akai-akai tare da bushe bushe. Akwai masu tsaftacewa na musamman waɗanda ke kawar da datti daga kirtani yadda ya kamata.

A ƙarshe, za mu iya lura da babban tasirin guitar acoustic akan kiɗa da al'adun gargajiya. Ana amfani da kayan aikin a cikin duk sanannun nau'ikan kiɗan. Tare da taimakon acoustics, an yi rikodin shahararrun hits da yawa. Abubuwan da suka dace na acoustics har yanzu suna kan babban matakin.