Ildebrando Pizzetti |

Ildebrando Pizzetti

Mawaƙin Italiyanci, jagora, masanin kiɗa, mai sukar kiɗa da malami. Memba na Kwalejin Italiyanci (tun 1939). Ya yi karatu tun yana yaro tare da mahaifinsa - Odoardo Pizzetti (1853-1926), malamin piano da batutuwan ka'idojin kiɗa, a cikin 1895-1901 - a Conservatory Parma tare da T. Riga (jituwa, counterpoint) da J. Tebaldini (haɗin gwiwa). ). Daga 1901 ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaba a Parma, daga 1907 ya kasance farfesa a Parma Conservatory (aji na abun da ke ciki), daga 1908 - a Florence Music Institute (a cikin 1917-24 da darektan). Daga 1910 ya rubuta labarai ga jaridun Milan. A cikin 1914 ya kafa mujallar kiɗan Dissonanza a Florence. A 1923-1935 darektan Milan Conservatory. Tun 1936, shugaban sashen abun da ke ciki na National Academy "Santa Cecilia" a Roma (a 1948-51 ta shugaban kasar).

Daga cikin ayyukan Pizzetti, mafi mahimmanci shine wasan kwaikwayo (yafi akan batutuwa na da da na da, suna nuna rikice-rikice na addini da na ɗabi'a). Shekaru 50 yana da alaƙa da gidan wasan kwaikwayo "La Scala" (Milan), wanda ya fara duk wasan operas ɗinsa (Clytemnestra ya sami babban nasara).

A cikin ayyukan Pizzetti, an haɗa tsoffin nau'ikan operatic tare da dabarun wasan kwaikwayo na ƙarni na 19 da 20. Ya juya zuwa ga al'adun kiɗa na Renaissance na Italiyanci da Baroque (ɓangarorin choral - a cikin nau'i na madrigal da aka fassara da yardar kaina), ya yi amfani da waƙar waƙar Gregorian. Dangane da nau'i, wasan kwaikwayo na operas sun fi kusa da wasan kwaikwayo na kiɗa na Wagnerian. Tushen wasan kwaikwayo na wasan kwaikwayo na Pizzetti kyauta ne, ci gaba mai ƙarfi mara tsayawa, ba'a iyakance shi ta hanyar rufaffiyar sifofin kiɗa ba (wannan yana tunawa da "waƙar waƙa mara iyaka") R. Wagner. A cikin wasan operas ɗinsa, an haɗa waƙar murya da rera waƙa. Metrorhythm da shigar da sassan murya an ƙaddara su ta hanyar abubuwan da ke cikin rubutu, don haka salon ƙaddamarwa ya mamaye sassan. Wasu fannoni na aikinsa Pizzetti sun shiga cikin hulɗar tsarin neoclassicism.

An yi wasan opera na Pizzetti a wasu kasashen yammacin Turai, da kuma Kudancin Amurka.

Abubuwan da aka tsara:

wasan kwaikwayo - Phaedra (1915, Milan), Deborah da Jael (1922, Milan), Fra Gerardo (1928, Milan), Outlander (Lo straniero, 1930, Rome), Orseolo (1935, Florence), Zinare (L'oro, 1947). Milan), Bath Lupa (1949, Florence), Iphigenia (1951, Florence), Cagliostro (1953, Milan), 'yar Yorio (La figlia di Jorio, ta D'Annunzio, 1954, Naples), Kisa a cikin Cathedral (Assassinio nella). cattedrale , 1958, Milan), Silver Slipper (Il calzare d'argento, 1961); ballet – Gizanella (1959, Rome, kuma ƙungiyar mawaƙa daga kiɗan G. D'Annunzio, 1913), Venetian Rondo (Rondo Veneziano, 1931); ga mawakan solo, mawaka da makada - Epithalames ga kalmomin Catullus (1935); don makada - symphonies (1914, 1940), overture zuwa wani ban tausayi farce (1911), Summer Concerto (Concerto dell'estate, 1928), 3 symphonic preludes "Oedipus Rex" na Sophocles (1904), rawa zuwa "Aminta" ta T. Tasso. (1914); kujeru - Oedipus a Colon (tare da ƙungiyar makaɗa, 1936), Requiem Mass (a cappella, 1922); don kayan aiki da makada – Waka don violin (1914), kide kide na piano (1933), cello (1934), violin (1944), garaya (1960); dakin kayan aiki ensembles - sonatas don violin (1919) da na cello (1921) tare da piano, piano trio (1925), 2 string quartets (1906, 1933); don piano – Kundin yara (1906); don murya da piano - 3 sonnets na Petrarch (1922), 3 m sonnets (1944); kiɗa don wasan kwaikwayo na wasan kwaikwayo, ciki har da wasan kwaikwayo na D'Annunzio, Sophocles, W. Shakespeare, K. Goldoni.

Ayyukan adabi: Kiɗa na Helenawa, Roma, 1914; Mawakan zamani, Mil., 1914; Critical Intermezzi, Florence, (1921); Paganini, Turin, 1940; Kiɗa da wasan kwaikwayo, (Roma, 1945); Waƙar Italiyanci na ƙarni na sha tara, Turin, (1947).

References: Tеbаldini G., I. Pizzetti, Parma, (1931); Galli G., I. Pizzetti, (Mil., 1954); Damerini A., I. Pizzetti - mutumin kuma mai zane, "The Musical Landing", 1966, (v.) 21.

LB Rimsky