Karl Czerny |

Karl Czerny

Czech ta ɗan ƙasa. Da kuma dalibi na pianist kuma malami Wenzel (Wenceslas) Czerny (1750-1832). Ya yi karatun piano tare da L. Beethoven (1800-03). Ya kasance yana yin wasa tun yana ɗan shekara 9. Samuwar Czerny a matsayin ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ya rinjayi IN Hummel, a matsayin malami - ta M. Clementi. Ban da gajeren lokaci concert tafiye-tafiye zuwa Leipzig (1836), Paris da kuma London (1837), kazalika da ziyarar Odessa (1846), ya yi aiki a Vienna. Czerny ya kirkiro ɗayan manyan makarantun piano na farkon rabin karni na 1th. Daga cikin daliban akwai F. Liszt, S. Thalberg, T. Döhler, T. Kullak, T. Leshetitsky.

Ya rubuta ayyuka da yawa don ƙungiyoyi daban-daban na masu yin wasan kwaikwayo da nau'o'i daban-daban, ciki har da tsarkaka (masu yawa 24, 4 requiems, gradual 300, offertorias, da dai sauransu), ƙididdiga don ƙungiyar mawaƙa, ƙungiyoyin kayan aiki na ɗaki, ƙungiyar mawaƙa, waƙoƙi na ɗaya da yawa. muryoyi da lambobin kiɗa don wasan kwaikwayo na wasan kwaikwayo. Mafi sanannun ayyukan Czerny na pianoforte; wasu daga cikinsu suna amfani da waƙoƙin jama'a na Czech ("Bambance-bambance akan jigon Czech na asali" - "Bambancin sur un jigon asali de Boheme"; "Waƙar jama'ar Czech tare da bambancin" - "Böhmisches Volkslied mit Variationen"). Yawancin ayyukan Czerny sun kasance a cikin rubuce-rubucen (an adana su a cikin ma'ajin kide-kide na Society of Friends of Music a Vienna).

Gudunmawar Czerny ga adabin koyarwa da koyarwa ga piano yana da mahimmanci musamman. Ya mallaki da yawa etudes da atisaye, daga abin da ya tattara tarin, makarantu, ciki har da abun da ke ciki na sãɓãwar launukansa digiri na wahala, da nufin ƙware da tsare-tsaren daban-daban na wasan piano da kuma bayar da gudunmawa ga iyawa da kuma karfafa yatsunsu. Tarin sa "Big Piano School" op. 500 yana ƙunshe da adadin jagororin masu mahimmanci da ƙarin cikakkun bayanai waɗanda aka keɓe don aiwatar da tsoffin da sabbin abubuwan piano - “Die Kunst des Vortrags der dlteren und neueren Klavierkompositionen” (c. 1846).

Czerny ya mallaki bugu na ayyukan piano da yawa, ciki har da Clavier mai jin daɗi na JS Bach da sonatas na D. Scarlatti, da kuma kwafin piano na operas, oratorios, symphonies da overtures don aikin 2-4 na hannu da na 8- manual don 2 pianos. An buga ayyukansa sama da 1000.

Adabi: Terentyeva H., Karl Czerny da karatunsa, L., 1978.

Ya. I. Milshtein