Alexander Abramovich Chernov |

Alexander Chernov

Chernov mawaki ne na Leningrad, masanin kiɗa, malami kuma malami. Siffofinsa masu ban sha'awa sune versatility da faɗin abubuwan sha'awa, da hankali ga nau'ikan kiɗan daban-daban, ƙoƙarin neman jigogi na zamani.

Alexander Abramovich Pen (Chernov) aka haife kan Nuwamba 7, 1917 a Petrograd. Ya fara tsara kiɗa a tsakiyar 30s, lokacin da ya shiga Kwalejin Kiɗa a Leningrad Conservatory, amma har yanzu bai zaɓi kiɗa a matsayin sana'arsa ba. A shekara ta 1939, Peng ya sauke karatu daga Faculty of Chemistry na Leningrad University, kuma ya fara aiki a cikin wannan sana'a, da kuma 'yan watanni daga baya ya shiga cikin soja. Ya shafe shekaru shida yana aikin soja a Gabas mai Nisa, a cikin kaka na 1945 an cire shi daga aiki kuma ya koma Leningrad. A 1950 Peng sauke karatu daga Leningrad Conservatory (composition azuzuwan M. Steinberg, B. Arapov da V. Voloshinov). Tun daga wannan lokacin, Pan ta bambance-bambancen music ayyukan fara, dauke da sunan mahaifi Chernov a matsayin mawaki pseudonym don tunawa da surukinsa M. Chernov, sanannen Leningrad mawaki kuma malami.

Chernov yana nufin a cikin aikinsa zuwa nau'o'in kiɗa daban-daban, a fili ya bayyana kansa a matsayin masanin kiɗa, marubucin littattafai da labarai game da kiɗa, a matsayin malami mai basira da malami. Mawaƙin ya juya zuwa nau'in operetta sau biyu a cikin 1953-1960 ("White Nights Street" da, tare da A. Petrov, "Dalibai Uku sun rayu").

Hanyar rayuwa ta AA Pan (Chernov) ta ƙare a ranar 5 ga Mayu, 1971. Baya ga operettas da aka ambata, jerin ayyukan kirkire-kirkire da aka ƙirƙira sama da shekaru ashirin da biyar sun haɗa da waƙar waƙa "Danko", wasan opera "Farkon Farin Ciki", a sake zagayowar murya bisa wakokin Prevert, da ballets “Icarus”, “Gadfly”, “Tsarin Bala’i” da “An yanke shawarar a ƙauyen” (na ƙarshe na biyu an haɗa su tare da G. Yunwa), waƙoƙi, guda don iri-iri. ƙungiyar makaɗa, kiɗa don wasan kwaikwayo da fina-finai, littattafai - “I. Dunayevsky, "Yadda ake sauraron kiɗa", surori a cikin littafin rubutu "Form Music", "A kan kiɗa mai haske, jazz, dandano mai kyau" (wanda aka rubuta tare da Bialik), labarai a cikin mujallu da jaridu, da dai sauransu.

L. Mikheva, A. Orelovich

Andrey Petrov game da Alexander Chernov

A cikin shekarun farko bayan yaƙi, na yi karatu a Kwalejin kiɗa na Leningrad. Na Rimsky-Korsakov. Baya ga solfeggio da jituwa, ka'idar da tarihin kiɗa, mun ɗauki batutuwa na gabaɗaya: adabi, algebra, harshe na waje…

Wani matashi, mai fara'a ya zo ya koya mana kwas ɗin kimiyyar lissafi. Da yake kallon mu cikin izgili - mawaƙa na gaba, violinists, pianists - ya yi magana mai ban sha'awa game da Einstein, game da neutrons da protons, da sauri ya zana dabaru akan allo kuma, ba da gaske dogara ga fahimtarmu ba, don ƙarin lallashin bayaninsa, ban dariya gauraye sharuddan jiki. da masu kida.

Sa'an nan na gan shi a kan mataki na Kananan Hall na Conservatory, sunkuyar da kunya bayan wasan kwaikwayo wakarsa mai suna "Danko" - wani matashi mai ban sha'awa da kuma ban sha'awa abun da ke ciki. Kuma a sa'an nan, kamar kowa da kowa da ya halarta a wannan rana, na ji sha'awar jawabinsa mai ban sha'awa a wurin tattaunawar ɗalibai game da aikin matashin mawaki na Soviet. Shi ne Alexander Chernov.

Ra’ayi na farko game da shi, a matsayinsa na mutumin da yake da ƙwarewa kuma yana bayyana kansa a wurare da yawa, ba kwatsam ba ne.

Akwai mawakan da suka mayar da hankali kan hazakarsu, kokarinsu a fanni guda na ayyuka, nau'in kirkire-kirkire, da tsayin daka da ci gaba da bunkasa kowane fanni na fasahar kida. Amma akwai kuma mawakan da suke ƙoƙarin tabbatar da kansu a fagage da nau'o'i daban-daban, a cikin duk abin da a ƙarshe ya zama tushen al'adun kiɗa. Irin wannan nau'in mawaƙa na duniya yana da halayen karninmu - karni na budewa da gwagwarmaya na matsayi na ado, karni na musamman na ci gaba na kiɗa da masu sauraro. Irin wannan mawaƙin ba mawallafin waƙa ne kaɗai ba, har ma da farfaganda, mai suka, malami, kuma malami.

Ba a iya fahimtar irin rawar da irin wadannan mawakan suka taka da kuma girman abin da suka yi sai ta hanyar tantance ayyukansu gaba daya. Talented qagaggun a daban-daban music nau'o'i, kaifin baki, m littattafai, m wasanni a rediyo da talabijin, a mawaki plenums da kasa da kasa taron tattaunawa - wannan shi ne sakamakon da wanda zai iya yin hukunci a kan abin da Alexander Chernov gudanar ya yi a cikin gajeren rayuwarsa a matsayin mawaƙa.

A yau, ba lallai ba ne a yi ƙoƙari a tantance a wanne fanni ne ya fi yi: a cikin tsarawa, a aikin jarida, ko a ayyukan kiɗa da ilimi. Bugu da ƙari, har ma da mawaƙa mafi ban sha'awa na baka, kamar waƙoƙin Orpheus, sun kasance cikin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar kawai waɗanda suka ji su. A yau muna gabanmu ayyukansa: wasan opera, ballets, waƙa mai ban sha'awa, zagayowar murya, wanda ɗigon Fedpn ya kawo rai da kuma tarihin zamani na Icarus, Voynich's The Gadfly, litattafan anti-fascist na Remarque da kalmomin falsafar Prevert. Kuma a nan akwai littattafan "Yadda za a saurari kiɗa", "A kan kiɗa mai haske, a kan jazz, a kan dandano mai kyau", ragowar da ba a gama ba "A kan muhawara game da kiɗa na zamani". A cikin wannan duka, jigogi na zane-zane, hotuna da suka fi burge zuciyarmu a yau, da matsalolin kida da kyan gani da ke mamaye zukatanmu koyaushe, sun kasance a ciki. Chernov mawaƙi ne na wani nau'in fasaha mai faɗi. Wannan ya bayyana kansa a cikin aikin jarida na kiɗa, wanda aka bambanta da zurfin tunani da kaifin tunaninsa, da kuma a cikin aikin mawallafinsa, inda ya ci gaba da komawa ga manyan adabin falsafa. Tunaninsa da tsare-tsarensa koyaushe sun kasance masu farin ciki samu, koyaushe suna ɗaukar sabo da ma'ana mai zurfi. Tare da ayyukansa na kirkira, ya zama kamar ya tabbatar da kalmomin Pushkin cewa ra'ayi mai nasara shine rabin yakin.

Duk a rayuwa da kuma a cikin aikinsa, keɓantawa ya kasance baƙo ga wannan mawaki. Ya kasance mai yawan jama'a kuma yana son kai mutane. Ya ci gaba da yin aiki a cikin muhallinsu kuma ya yi ƙoƙari don irin waɗannan wurare da nau'o'in kiɗa inda zai iya dogara ga iyakar yiwuwar sadarwar ɗan adam: ya rubuta da yawa don wasan kwaikwayo da sinima, ya ba da laccoci, da kuma shiga cikin tattaunawa daban-daban.

A cikin binciken haɗin gwiwa, tattaunawa, jayayya, Chernov ya kama wuta kuma ya tafi. Kamar baturi, an "cajin" daga sadarwa tare da masu gudanarwa da mawaƙa, 'yan wasan kwaikwayo da mawaƙa. Kuma watakila wannan kuma zai iya bayyana gaskiyar cewa sau da yawa - a cikin ballet Icarus, a cikin operetta dalibai uku sun rayu, a cikin littafin On Light Music, A Jazz, On Good Taste - ya haɗu tare da abokansa.

Ya kasance mai sha'awar duk abin da ke shagaltar da shi kuma yana faranta wa duniyar ilimi ta mutum ta zamani. Kuma ba kawai a cikin kiɗa ba. An sanar da shi game da sababbin nasarori a kimiyyar lissafi, yana da kyakkyawar fahimtar wallafe-wallafen (shi da kansa ya yi kyakkyawan libretto don wasan kwaikwayo na opera bisa ga labari na K. Fedin), kuma yana sha'awar matsalolin cinema na zamani.

Chernov sosai ya bi barometer na rayuwar kiɗan mu mai rikicewa da canzawa. Ya kasance mai matukar damuwa da bukatu da dandano na masoya waka, musamman matasa. Daga wani babban adadin mafi bambancin m mamaki da kuma trends, ya yi kokarin yin amfani da kuma amfani da duk abin da ya yi la'akari, a matsayin Soviet mawaki, muhimmanci da kuma zama dole ga kansa da kuma masu sauraronsa. Ya rubuta kida da waƙoƙin quartet, yana da sha'awar jazz sosai da kuma tarihin "bardi", kuma a cikin maki na ƙarshe - ballet "Icarus" - ya yi amfani da wasu fasahohin fasaha na serial.

Alexander Chernov ne daidai da shekaru a matsayin Oktoba, da kuma shekaru na samuwar, da ƙarfin hali na kasar mu ba zai iya amma tasiri samuwar farar hula da kuma m bayyanar. Yarinta ya zo daidai da shekarun shirye-shiryen shekaru biyar na farko, ƙuruciyarsa tare da yaƙi. Ya fara rayuwa mai zaman kanta a matsayin mawaki kawai a farkon shekarun 50s, kuma duk abin da ya sami damar yin, ya yi a cikin shekaru ashirin kacal. Kuma duk wannan yana da alamar hatimin tunani, basira da sha'awar kirkira. A cikin rubuce-rubucensa, Chernov shine mafi yawan mawaƙa. Waƙarsa tana da ban sha'awa sosai, hotunanta suna alamta da bayyanawa. Yawancin rubuce-rubucensa an rufe su da wani ɗan raɗaɗi - kamar yana jin raunin kwanakinsa. Bai samu yin yawa ba. Ya yi tunani game da wasan kwaikwayo, ya so ya rubuta wani wasan opera, ya yi mafarkin wani waka mai ban sha'awa da aka sadaukar don Kurchatov.

Kundinsa na ƙarshe, wanda aka fara shi ne soyayya akan ayoyin A. Blok.

... Kuma muryar ta kasance mai dadi, kuma katako ya kasance siriri, Kuma kawai tsayi, a ƙofofin sarauta, Yana shiga cikin sirri, yaron ya yi kuka cewa babu wanda zai dawo.

Wannan soyayya ya zama waƙar swan Alexander Chernov. Amma ayoyi ne kawai suka rage… Suna jin kamar haske mai haske ga mawaƙi mai hankali da hazaka.