Tetrachord |

Girkanci tetraxordon, lit. - kirtani huɗu, daga tetra, a cikin kalmomi masu haɗaka - huɗu da xordn - kirtani

Ma'auni mai matakai huɗu a cikin kewayon cikakke na huɗu (misali, g - a - h - c). Matsayi na musamman na T. tsakanin monodich. An ƙaddara tsarin tsari ta hanyar hulɗar abubuwa na farko na 2 na daidaitawa - layi (wanda ke hade da motsi tare da sautunan ma'auni daga tsaye) da kuma jituwa (bi da bi - tare da adawa na haɗin kai da rashin daidaituwa). Matsayin haɗin kai a matsayin mai kula da motsi na melodic ya fara samo mafi ƙanƙanta na maɗaukaki - na hudu, "na farko" consonance (Gaudentius; duba Janus C., "Musici scriptores graeci", shafi na 338). Godiya ga wannan, T. (kuma ba octachord da pentachord) ya zama babba kafin sauran ma'auni. cell na tsarin modal. Irin wannan shine aikin T. a cikin wasu Hellenanci. kiɗa. Sautunan gefen baki waɗanda ke samar da ainihin T. ("kafaffen" - estotes, "gestuts") su ne abubuwan da ke cikin shi, kuma wayoyin hannu (xinoumenoi - "kinemens") na iya canzawa, suna samuwa a cikin 4 matakai decomp. diatonic, chromatic Sikeli da anharmonic. haihuwa (duba hanyoyin Girka na zamanin da). Haɗuwa da rhythms tare da juna ya haifar da fitowar sifofin modal masu rikitarwa (mafi mahimmanci a cikinsu shine yanayin octave, abin da ake kira "harmonies").

Aure-karni. tsarin modal, da bambanci da Girkanci, a matsayin babban. Samfuran ba su da T., amma ƙarin tsarin polyphonic - yanayin octave, guidon hexachord. Duk da haka, aikin T. ya kasance mai mahimmanci a cikin su. Don haka, jimlar wasan ƙarshe na hanyoyin zamani suna samar da T. DEFG (= defg a cikin tsarin sanarwa na zamani); a cikin tsarin yanayin octave, T. ya kasance babba. cell tsarin.

Guidon's hexachord shine tsaka-tsakin duk dec uku. bisa ga tazarar diatonic. T.

A cikin tsarin ma'auni halayyar Rasha. nar. melodics, T. na daya ko wani tazara abun da ke ciki na daya daga cikin mafi muhimmanci ya ƙunshi abubuwa. A cikin wasu samfurori na mafi tsoffin waƙoƙin waƙa, ma'aunin waƙar yana iyakance ga T. (duba Tsarin Sauti). Tsarin ma'auni na yau da kullum, wanda aka kafa ta hanyar sautin sautin trichords tare da tazara na huɗu tsakanin sautunan da ke mamaye matsayi ɗaya a cikin trichords na kusa, yana nuna ka'idar da ba ta da octave kuma ana iya wakilta shi azaman sarkar sautin sautin-semitone tetrachords (duba Cikakkar tsarin).

References: Janus S., Musici scriptores graeci, Lpz., 1895, reprografischer Nachdruck, Hildesheim, 1962; Musica enchiriadis, v kn.: Gerbert M., Scriptores ecclesiastici de musica sacra musamman, t. 1, St. Blasien, 1784, reprogralischer Nachdruck, Hildesheim, 1963.

Yu. N. Kholopov