Paul Abraham Dukas |

Paul duka

A cikin 1882-88 ya yi karatu a Conservatoire na Paris tare da J. Matyas (class piano), E. Guiraud (class compposition), 2nd Rome Prize for cantata "Velleda" (1888). Tuni ayyukansa na farko na symphonic - overture "Polyeuct" (dangane da bala'in P. Corneille, 1891), wasan kwaikwayo (1896) an haɗa su a cikin tarihin jagorancin mawaƙa na Faransa. Shahararriyar duniya ta zo da mawaƙin ta hanyar scherzo mai koyar da sihiri (dangane da ballad na JB Goethe, 1897), ƙwararren makaɗa wanda HA Rimsky-Korsakov ya yaba sosai. Ayyukan 90s, da kuma "Sonata" (1900) da "Variations, Interlude and Finale" akan jigon Rameau (1903) don piano, har zuwa babban shaida ga tasirin aikin P. Wagner, C. Frank.

Wani sabon ci gaba a cikin salon rubutun Duke shine wasan opera "Ariana da Bluebeard" (dangane da wasan tatsuniya na M. Maeterlinck, 1907), kusa da salon ra'ayi, wanda kuma ya bambanta da sha'awar fassarorin falsafa. Abubuwan da aka gano masu launi na wannan maki an ƙara haɓaka su a cikin waƙar choreographic "Peri" (dangane da tsohuwar almara na Iran, 1912, wanda aka sadaukar da shi ga mai yin wasan farko na babban rawar - ballerina N. Trukhanova), wanda ya ƙunshi shafi mai haske a ciki. aikin mawaki.

Ayyukan 20s suna da alaƙa da babban hadaddun tunani, gyaran jituwa, da sha'awar farfado da al'adun tsohuwar kiɗan Faransa. Hankali mai mahimmanci da ya wuce kima ya tilasta wa mawaki ya lalata abubuwan da aka kusan gamawa (Sonata don violin da piano, da sauransu).

Babban mahimmancin gadon Duke (fiye da labarai sama da 330). Ya ba da gudummawa ga mujallu Revue hebdomadaire da Chronique des Arts (1892-1905), jaridar Le Quotidien (1923-24) da sauran littattafan lokaci-lokaci. Duka yana da ilimi mai yawa a fagen kiɗa, tarihi, adabi, falsafa. An bambanta labaransa ta hanyar daidaitawar ɗan adam, fahimtar gaskiya na al'ada da sababbin abubuwa. Daya daga cikin na farko a Faransa, ya yaba da aikin MP Mussorgsky.

Duke ya yi aikin koyarwa da yawa. Tun 1909 farfesa a Paris Conservatory (har zuwa 1912 - Orchestral class, tun 1913 - abun da ke ciki class). A lokaci guda (tun 1926) ya jagoranci sashen hadawa a Ecole Normal. Daga cikin dalibansa akwai O. Messiaen, L. Pipkov, Yu. G. Krein, Xi Xing-hai da sauransu.

Abubuwan da aka tsara:

opera - Ariane da Bluebeard (Ariane et Barbe-Bleue, 1907, tp "Opera Comic", Paris; 1935, tp "Grand Opera", Paris); ballet - waƙar choreographic Peri (1912, tp "Chatelet", Paris; tare da A. Pavlova - 1921, tp "Grand Opera", Paris); za orc. - C-dur mai ban dariya (1898, Mutanen Espanya 1897), scherzo Koyarwar Boka (L'Apprenti boka, 1897); Za fp. – sonata es-moll (1900), Bambance-bambance, interlude da ƙarshe a kan jigo na Rameau (1903), Elegiac prelude (Prelude legiaque sur le nom de Haydn, 1909), waka La plainte au Ioin du faune, 1920) da dai sauransu. ; Villanella don ƙaho da piano. (1906); vocalise (Alla gitana, 1909), Ponsard's Sonnet (na murya da piano, 1924; a kan bikin 400th na haifuwar P. de Ronsard), da dai sauransu; sabon ed. operas na JF Rameau ("Gllant India", "Gimbiya Navarre", "Bikin Pamira", "Nelei da Myrtis", "Zephyr", da dai sauransu); gamawa da ƙungiyar kade-kade (tare da C. Saint-Saens) na opera Fredegonde na E. Guiraud (1895, Grand Opera, Paris).

Ayyukan adabi: Wagner et la France, P., 1923; Les ecrits de P. Dukas sur la musique, P., 1948; Labarai da sharhi na mawakan Faransa. Late XIX - farkon ƙarni na XX. Comp., fassarar, gabatarwa. labarin da sharhi. A. Bushen, L., 1972. Haruffa: Daidaitawa de Paul Dukas. Choix de lettres etabli par G. Favre, P., 1971.