Wadanne nau'ikan kiɗa ne akwai?

Nan da nan muna faɗakar da ku cewa yana da wuya a amsa a cikin labarin ɗaya tambayar wane nau'in kiɗan ne. A cikin dukan tarihin kiɗa, nau'o'i da yawa sun taru wanda ba zai yiwu a auna su da ma'auni ba: chorale, romance, cantata, waltz, symphony, ballet, opera, prelude, da dai sauransu.

Shekaru da yawa, masu ilimin kida suna ƙoƙarin rarraba nau'ikan kiɗan (ta yanayin abun ciki, ta hanyar aiki, alal misali). Amma kafin mu tsaya kan nau'in rubutu, bari mu fayyace ainihin manufar nau'in.

Menene nau'in kiɗan?

Nau'in nau'in samfuri ne wanda ke da alaƙa da takamaiman kida da shi. Yana da wasu sharuɗɗan aiwatarwa, manufa, tsari da yanayin abun ciki. Don haka, makasudin lullaby shine kwantar da jariri, don haka "swaying" intonations da halayen halayen halayen su ne na hali; a cikin tafiya - duk hanyoyin kiɗan da aka bayyana an daidaita su zuwa mataki mai haske.

Menene nau'ikan kiɗan: rarrabuwa

Mafi sauƙin rarraba nau'ikan ya dogara ne akan hanyar aiwatarwa. Waɗannan ƙungiyoyin manya ne guda biyu:

• instrumental (March, Waltz, etude, sonata, fugue, symphony)
• nau'ikan murya (aria, song, romance, cantata, opera, musical).

Wani nau'in nau'ikan nau'ikan yana da alaƙa da yanayin aiki. Nasa ne na A. Sokhor, masanin kimiyya wanda ya yi iƙirarin cewa akwai nau'ikan kiɗan:

• al'ada da al'ada (zabura, taro, requiem) - an kwatanta su da hotuna na gaba ɗaya, rinjaye na ka'idar choral da yanayi guda a tsakanin yawancin masu sauraro;
• gidan jama'a (iri-iri na waƙa, tafiya da raye-raye: polka, waltz, ragtime, ballad, anthem) - wanda ke da nau'i mai sauƙi da kuma sabani;
• nau'ikan kide-kide (oratorio, sonata, quartet, symphony) – yawanci ana yin su a zauren kide-kide, sautin waka kamar yadda marubucin ya bayyana kansa;
• nau'ikan wasan kwaikwayo (kiɗa, opera, ballet) - buƙatar aiki, makirci da shimfidar wuri.

Bugu da ƙari, nau'in kanta za a iya raba shi zuwa wasu nau'o'in. Don haka, opera seria ("matsayi" opera) da opera buffa (mai ban dariya) suma nau'ikan iri ne. A lokaci guda, akwai wasu nau'ikan wasan opera iri iri, wanda kuma ya samar da sabbin nau'ikan kwayar halitta (Lyric Opera, Opic Ofa, Opic.)

Sunayen nau'ikan

Kuna iya rubuta cikakken littafi game da sunaye nau'ikan kiɗa da yadda suka fito. Sunaye na iya gaya game da tarihin nau'in: alal misali, sunan rawa "kryzhachok" saboda gaskiyar cewa an sanya masu rawa a cikin giciye (daga Belarushiyanci "kryzh" - giciye). Nocturne ("dare" - fassara daga Faransanci) an yi shi da dare a cikin iska. Wasu sunaye sun samo asali ne daga sunayen kayan kida (fanfare, musette), wasu daga waƙoƙin (Marseillaise, Camarina).

Sau da yawa kiɗa yana karɓar sunan nau'in nau'in lokacin da aka canza shi zuwa wani yanayi: misali, rawan jama'a zuwa ballet. Amma kuma yana faruwa da sauran hanyar: mawaƙin ya ɗauki taken "Lokaci" kuma ya rubuta aiki, sa'an nan kuma wannan jigon ya zama nau'i tare da wani nau'i (yanayi 4 kamar sassa 4) da yanayin abun ciki.

Maimakon ƙarewa

Lokacin magana game da nau'ikan kiɗan da ke akwai, mutum ba zai iya kasa faɗi kuskuren gama gari ba. Akwai rudani a cikin ra'ayoyi lokacin da ake kiran salo irin su na gargajiya, dutsen, jazz, hip-hop. Yana da mahimmanci a tuna a nan cewa nau'in nau'in tsari ne wanda aka ƙirƙira ayyukansa, kuma salo yana nuna halayen harshen kiɗa na halitta.

Marubuci - Alexandra Ramm