Tarihin sashin wutar lantarki

Tarihin kayan kida na lantarki ya fara ne a farkon karni na 20. Ƙirƙirar rediyo, tarho, telegraph ya ba da kwarin gwiwa ga ƙirƙirar kayan aikin rediyo da lantarki. Wani sabon jagora a al'adun kiɗa ya bayyana - electromusic.

Farkon shekarun kiɗan lantarki

Ɗaya daga cikin kayan kiɗa na farko na lantarki shine telharmonium (dynamophone). Ana iya kiransa progenitor na sashin wutar lantarki. Injiniyan Ba’amurke Tadeus Cahill ne ya ƙirƙira wannan kayan aikin. Bayan ya fara ƙirƙira a ƙarshen karni na 19, a cikin 1897 ya sami takardar shaidar "Ka'ida da kayan aiki don samarwa da rarraba kiɗa ta hanyar wutar lantarki", kuma a watan Afrilu 1906 ya kammala shi. Amma kiran wannan naúrar kayan kida zai iya zama shimfidawa kawai. Ya ƙunshi na'urorin samar da wutar lantarki guda 145 waɗanda aka daidaita zuwa mitoci daban-daban. Sun watsa sauti ta wayoyin tarho. Kayan aikin ya auna kimanin tan 200, yana da tsayin mita 19.

Bayan Cahill, injiniyan Soviet Lev Theremin a shekara ta 1920 ya ƙirƙiri cikakken kayan kiɗan lantarki, mai suna Theremin. Lokacin wasa akan shi, mai yin wasan bai ma buƙatar taɓa kayan aiki ba, ya isa ya motsa hannayensa dangane da eriya na tsaye da na kwance, yana canza saurin sautin.

Ra'ayin kasuwanci mai nasara

Amma mafi mashahurin kayan kiɗan lantarki shine watakila sashin wutar lantarki na Hammond. Ba’amurke Lorenz Hammond ne ya ƙirƙira shi a shekara ta 1934. L. Hammond ba mawaki ba ne, bai ma da kunnen kiɗa. Za mu iya cewa da farko halittar wani lantarki gabobin da aka zalla kasuwanci sha'anin, kamar yadda ya zama mai nasara. Maɓallin madannai daga piano, wanda aka sabunta ta hanya ta musamman, ya zama tushen sashin wutar lantarki. Kowane maɓalli an haɗa shi da da'irar lantarki tare da wayoyi biyu, kuma tare da taimakon sauƙi mai sauƙi, an fitar da sauti masu ban sha'awa. Sakamakon haka, masanin kimiyyar ya ƙirƙira wani kayan aiki mai kama da sautin iska na gaske, amma ya fi ƙanƙanta girma da nauyi. Afrilu 24, 1934 Lawrence Hammond ya sami takardar shaidar ƙirƙira. An fara amfani da kayan aikin maimakon sashin da aka saba yi a majami'u na Amurka. Mawakan sun yaba da sashin wutar lantarki, yawan mashahuran da suka yi amfani da sashin wutar lantarki sun haɗa da shahararrun ƙungiyoyin kiɗa na lokacin kamar Beatles, Deep Purple, Yes da sauransu.

A Belgium, a tsakiyar shekarun 1950, an ƙirƙiri sabon samfurin sashin wutar lantarki. Injiniya dan kasar Belgium Anton Pari ya zama mahaliccin kayan kida. Ya mallaki karamin kamfani don kera eriya ta talabijin. Haɓaka da siyar da sabon samfurin na'urar lantarki ya kawo kyakkyawan kudin shiga ga kamfanin. Gabar Pari ta bambanta da bangaren Hammond wajen samun janareta sautin lantarki. A Turai, wannan samfurin ya zama sananne sosai.

A cikin Tarayyar Soviet, a ƙarƙashin labulen ƙarfe, matasa masu son kiɗan kiɗa sun saurari sashin wutar lantarki akan bayanan ƙasa. Rikodi akan radiyon x-ray sun ji daɗin matasan Soviet. Ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan romantics shine matashin injiniyan lantarki na Soviet Leonid Ivanovich Fedorchuk. A shekara ta 1962, ya sami aiki a kamfanin Elektroizmeritel da ke Zhytomyr, kuma a shekarar 1964, na'urar lantarki ta farko ta cikin gida da ake kira Romantika ta yi sauti a masana'antar. Ka'idar samar da sauti a cikin wannan kayan aikin ba na lantarki ba ne, amma na lantarki zalla.

Ba da daɗewa ba sashin wutar lantarki na farko zai cika shekaru ɗari, amma shahararta ba ta shuɗe ba. Wannan kayan kida na duniya ne - ya dace da kide kide da wake-wake da dakunan kallo, don yin majami'a da mashahuran kida na zamani.