Majami'ar Synodal |

Synodal Choir

Ɗaya daga cikin tsofaffin ƙwararrun mawakan Rasha. An halicce shi a cikin 1710 (bisa ga wasu kafofin, a cikin 1721) bisa ga mawaƙa na maza na mawaƙa na baban gargajiya (Moscow). An kafa ta a ƙarshen karni na 16, ta shahara saboda ƙwararrun mawaƙa da aka zaɓa daga wasu mawakan coci; tare da rera waka a coci, ya kuma yi a wuraren bukukuwan kotu.

Da farko kungiyar mawakan ta synodal ta ƙunshi mawaƙa maza 44, kuma a cikin 1767 an gabatar da muryoyin yara. A shekara ta 1830, an buɗe makarantar Synodal a mawaƙa na Synodal (duba Makarantar Synodal na Ikilisiya ta Moscow), inda matasa mawaƙa suka shiga cikin ƙungiyar mawaƙa suka fara karatu. A shekara ta 1874, makarantar ta jagoranci jagorancin DG Vigilev, wanda ya yi yawa don ci gaban kiɗa na mawaƙa.

Juya lokaci a cikin tarihin mawaƙa na Synodal shine 1886, lokacin da jagoran mawaƙa VS Orlov da mataimakinsa AD Kastalsky suka zo kan jagoranci. Daraktan Makarantar Synodal a cikin wannan lokacin shine SV Smolensky, wanda matakin horar da mawaƙa na matasa ya karu sosai. Ƙarfafa ayyukan ƙwararrun mawaƙa uku sun ba da gudummawa ga haɓaka ƙwarewar wasan mawaƙa. Idan kafin aikin ƙungiyar mawaƙa ya iyakance ga waƙoƙin coci, yanzu ya fara shiga cikin kide-kide na duniya. Orlov da Kastalsky sun gabatar da matasa mawaƙa ga al'adar waƙar gargajiya ta Rasha, sun gabatar da su a cikin waƙar Znamenny, wanda ba a taɓa sarrafa su daga baya ba.

Tuni a farkon kide kide da wake-wake, wanda aka gudanar a 1890 a karkashin jagorancin Orlov, Synodal Choir ya zama wani ban mamaki wasan kwaikwayo kungiyar (a wannan lokacin akwai 45 maza da 25 maza a cikin abun da ke ciki). Repertore na ƙungiyar mawaƙa ta Synodal sun haɗa da ayyukan Palestrina, O. Lasso; ya dauki bangare a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na ayyukan JS Bach (Mass in h-moll, "St. Matthew Passion"), WA ​​Mozart (Requiem), L. Beethoven (karshen wasan kwaikwayo na 9th), da kuma PI Tchaikovsky. , NA Rimsky-Korsakov, SI Taneyev, SV Rachmaninov.

Babban mahimmanci ga ci gaban fasaha na kungiyar shine sadarwa mai mahimmanci tare da shi na Moscow composers - SI Taneeva, Vik. S. Kalinnikov, Yu. S. Sakhnovsky, PG Chesnokov, wanda ya kirkiro da yawa daga cikin ayyukansu tare da tsammanin cewa za a yi su ta hanyar Synodal Choir.

A shekara ta 1895, ƙungiyar mawaƙa ta yi a Moscow tare da jerin kide-kide na tarihi na kida na alfarma na Rasha daga VP Titov zuwa Tchaikovsky. A shekara ta 1899, an gudanar da wani taron mawaƙa na mawaƙa a Vienna tare da babban nasara. ’Yan jarida sun lura da rashin daidaituwar gungun, kyawawan muryoyin yara masu taushin gaske da jarumtakar sonority na basses. A cikin 1911 ƙungiyar mawaƙa ta Synodal karkashin jagorancin HM Danilin ta zagaya Italiya, Austria, Jamus; Ayyukansa sun kasance nasara ta gaske na al'adun choral na Rasha. A. Toscanini da L. Perosi, shugaban majami'ar Sistine Chapel a Roma, sun yi magana da ƙwazo game da ƙungiyar mawaƙa ta Synodal.

Shahararrun mawakan Soviet M. Yu. Shorin, AV Preobrazhensky, VP Stepanov, AS Stepanov, SA Shuisky sun sami ilimin fasaha a cikin mawaƙa na Synodal. Ƙungiyar mawaƙa ta synodal ta kasance har zuwa 1919.

An sake farfado da ƙungiyar mawaƙa ta Moscow Synodal a cikin bazara na 2009. A yau, mawaƙan mawaƙa ne ke jagorantar mawaƙa mai daraja na Rasha Alexei Puzakov. Baya ga shiga cikin hidimomin Ubangiji na musamman, ƙungiyar mawaƙa tana yin shirye-shiryen kide-kide da kuma halartar bukukuwan duniya.

References: Razumovsky D., Mawaƙa na Patriarchal da magatakarda, a cikin littafinsa: Ƙwararrun mawaƙa da magatakarda da mawaƙa na sarki, St. , Na 1895-1898, 10-12; Lokshin D., Fitattun mawakan Rasha da masu gudanar da su, M., 1901, 17. Dubi kuma wallafe-wallafen da ke ƙarƙashin labarin Makarantar Majalisar Dattijai ta Moscow.

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