Sergey Nikyforovych Vasilenko (Sergei Vasilenko) |

Sergei Vasilenko

Na zo duniyar nan don ganin Rana. K. Balmont

Mawaki, shugaba, malami, kida da jama'a S. Vasilenko ya ci gaba a matsayin mutum mai kirki a cikin shekarun kafin juyin juya hali. Babban tushen salon kiɗansa shi ne ƙaƙƙarfan ƙwaƙƙwaran ƙwarewar ƙwararrun ƴan wasan Rasha, amma wannan bai keɓance sha'awar sanin sabbin hanyoyin bayyanawa ba. Iyalin mawaƙin sun ƙarfafa sha'awar fasaha na Vasilenko. Ya yi nazarin tushen abubuwan da ke tattare da shi a ƙarƙashin jagorancin gwanin mawaki A. Grechaninov, yana jin daɗin zanen V. Polenov, V. Vasnetsov, M. Vrubel, V. Borisov-Musatov. "Haɗin da ke tsakanin kiɗa da zane ya zama mafi bayyane a gare ni kowace shekara," Vasilenko ya rubuta daga baya. Sha'awar matashin mawakin ga tarihi, musamman tsohon Rasha, shima yayi kyau. Shekaru na karatu a Jami'ar Moscow (1891-95), nazarin 'yan Adam ya ba da yawa ga ci gaban mutum-mutumin fasaha. Ganawar da Vasilenko ya yi da shahararren masanin tarihin Rasha V. Klyuchevsky na da matukar muhimmanci. A cikin 1895-1901. Vasilenko dalibi ne a Moscow Conservatory. Shahararrun mawakan Rasha - S. Taneev, V. Safonov, M. Ippolitov-Ivanov - ya zama mashawartansa sannan kuma abokai. Ta hanyar Taneyev Vasilenko ya sadu da P. Tchaikovsky. A hankali, dangantakarsa ta kiɗa tana haɓaka: Vasilenko yana matsawa kusa da Petersburgers - N. Rimsky-Korsakov, A. Glazunov, A. Lyadov, M. Balakirev; tare da masu sukar kiɗa N. Kashkin da S. Kruglikov; tare da mai ba da labari na Znamenny waƙar S. Smolensky. Ganawa tare da A. Scriabin da S. Rachmaninov, waɗanda suka fara hanyarsu mai haske, sun kasance masu ban sha'awa koyaushe.

Tuni a cikin Conservatory shekaru Vasilenko ya marubucin da yawa qagaggun, farkon wanda aka dage farawa da almara symphonic hoto "Three Battles" (1895, dangane da wannan labarin da AK Tolstoy). Asalin Rashanci ya mamaye wasan opera-cantata Labarin Babban Birnin Kitezh da Quiet Lake Svetoyar (1902), da kuma a cikin Waƙar Epic (1903), kuma a cikin Symphony na Farko (1906), dangane da tsoffin waƙoƙin al'adun gargajiya na Rasha. . A cikin pre-revolutionary lokaci na ya m aiki, Vasilenko biya haraji ga wasu daga cikin halaye trends na zamaninmu, musamman impressionism (da symphonic waka "Garden Mutuwa", da vocal suite "Spells", da dai sauransu). Hanyar kirkire-kirkire ta Vasilenko ta dade fiye da shekaru 60, ya kirkiro ayyuka sama da 200 wadanda suka kunshi nau'ikan kade-kade iri-iri - daga soyayya da daidaita wakokin mutane da yawa kyauta, kide-kide don wasannin kwaikwayo da fina-finai zuwa wasan kwaikwayo da wasan kwaikwayo. Sha'awar mawallafin game da waƙar Rasha da waƙoƙin al'ummomin duniya sun kasance ba su canzawa koyaushe, suna zurfafa ta hanyar tafiye-tafiye da yawa zuwa Rasha, ƙasashen Turai, Masar, Siriya, Turkiyya ("Waƙoƙin Maori", "Tsohon Waƙoƙin Italiyanci", "Waƙoƙin Faransanci". Troubadours”, “Exotic Suite” da sauransu).

Daga 1906 har zuwa karshen rayuwarsa Vasilenko ya koyar a Moscow Conservatory. Fiye da daya tsara na mawaƙa karatu a cikin abun da ke ciki da kuma kayan aiki azuzuwan (An. Aleksandrov, AV Aleksandrov, N. Golovanov, V. Nechaev, D. Rogal-Levitsky, N. Chemberdzhi, D. Kabalevsky, A. Khachaturian da sauransu). . Domin shekaru 10 (1907-17) Vasilenko shi ne mai shirya da kuma shugaba na rare Tarihi Concerts. Sun kasance suna samuwa ga ma'aikata da ɗalibai a kan ƙananan farashin tikiti, kuma an tsara shirye-shiryen don rufe dukan wadatar kiɗa daga karni na 40 zuwa gaba. kuma har zuwa yanzu. Vasilenko ya ba kusan 1942 shekaru na m m aiki ga Tarayyar Soviet m al'adu, tare da dukan halayen fata da kuma kishin kasa. Wataƙila waɗannan halaye sun nuna kansu da ƙarfi musamman a cikin wasan opera na ƙarshe, na shida, Suvorov (XNUMX).

Vasilenko da yardar rai ya juya zuwa ƙirƙirar ballet. A cikin mafi kyawun wasan ƙwallon ƙafa, mawaƙin ya ƙirƙiri hotuna masu ban sha'awa na rayuwar jama'a, yana aiwatar da kaɗa-kaɗe da waƙoƙin al'ummomi daban-daban - Mutanen Espanya a Lola, Italiyanci a Mirandolina, Uzbek a Akbilyak.

Har ila yau, an nuna tatsuniyoyi na al'adun gargajiya a cikin shirye-shirye masu launi masu launi (symphonic suite "Hotunan Turkmen", "Hindu Suite", "Carousel", "Soviet Gabas", da sauransu). Farawa na ƙasa kuma yana kan gaba a cikin taruka biyar na Vasilenko. Saboda haka, "Arctic Symphony", sadaukar da feat na Chelyuskins, dogara ne a kan Pomor karin waƙa. Vasilenko yana ɗaya daga cikin waɗanda suka fara ƙirƙirar kiɗa don kayan gargajiya na Rasha. Wanda aka sani shine Concerto na balalaika da ƙungiyar makaɗa, wanda aka rubuta don balalaika virtuoso N. Osipov.

Waƙoƙin murya na Vasilenko, na asali dangane da waƙoƙin waƙa da kaifi mai kaifi, sun ƙunshi shafuka masu haske da yawa (wasan kwaikwayo a kan st. V. Bryusov, K. Balmont, I. Bunin, A. Blok, M. Lermontov).

Abubuwan al'adun gargajiya na Vasilenko kuma sun haɗa da ayyukansa na ka'idar da adabi - "Kayan aiki don ƙungiyar mawaƙa", "Shafukan tunawa". Jawabin lakcar da Vasilenko ya yi ga jama'a da yawa, da zagayowar laccocinsa kan kiɗa a rediyo abin tunawa ne. Wani mai zane wanda ya bauta wa mutane da aminci da fasaharsa, Vasilenko da kansa ya yaba da ma'auni na kerawa: "Rayuwa yana nufin yin aiki da dukkan ƙarfin iyawa da damar mutum don amfanin ƙasar Motherland."

GAME DA. Tompakova