Heinrich Marschner |
Heinrich Marchner
Heinrich August Marschner (VIII 16, 1795, Zittau - Disamba 14, 1861, Hannover) mawaƙin Jamus ne kuma madugu. A cikin 1811-16 ya yi karatu tare da IG Shikht. A cikin 1827-31 ya kasance jagora a Leipzig. A cikin 1831-59 ya kasance shugaban kotu a Hannover. A matsayinsa na jagora, ya yi yaƙi don ƙwace 'yancin kai na ƙasar Jamus. A cikin 1859 ya yi ritaya tare da matsayi na babban darektan kiɗa.
Shahararren wakilin farko na soyayyar kide-kide, daya daga cikin mashahuran mawakan Jamus na zamaninsa, Marschner ya bunkasa al'adun KM Weber, yana daya daga cikin magabata na R. Wagner. Wasan operas na Marschner sun samo asali ne a kan labarun na da da kuma tatsuniyoyi na al'umma, wanda a cikin su aka haɗa shirye-shirye na gaskiya da abubuwa na fantasy. Kusa da nau'i na singspiel, an bambanta su ta hanyar jituwa na wasan kwaikwayo na kiɗa, sha'awar nuna wasan kwaikwayo na orchestral, da fassarar tunani na hotuna. A cikin ayyuka da yawa, Marschner ya yi amfani da waƙoƙin gargajiya da yawa.
Mafi kyawun ayyukan opera na mawaƙin sun haɗa da The Vampire (wanda aka tsara a cikin 1828), Templar da Jewess (wanda aka shirya a 1829), Hans Geyling (wanda aka shirya a 1833). Baya ga wasan operas, a lokacin rayuwar Marschner, wakokinsa da mawakansa maza sun samu karbuwa sosai.
Abubuwan da aka tsara:
wasan kwaikwayo (ranar da aka samar) - Saydar da Zulima (1818), Lucrezia (1826), The Falconer's Bride (1830), Castle on Etne (1836), Bebu (1838), King Adolf na Nassau (1845), Austin (1852), Hjarne, Sarkin Penia (1863); cin gindi; rawa – Mace mai girman kai (1810); don makada - 2 guda guda; dakin kayan aiki ensembles, ciki har da. 7 piano trios, 2 piano quartets, da dai sauransu; don piano, ciki har da. 6 sonata; kiɗa don wasan kwaikwayo na ban mamaki.
MM Yakovlev
Heinrich Marschner ya bi hanyar ayyukan soyayya na Weber. Wasan operas The Vampire (1828), The Knight and the Jewess (daga littafin Ivanhoe na Walter Scott, 1829), da Hans Heiling (1833) sun nuna gwanintar kida da ban mamaki. Tare da wasu fasalulluka na yaren kiɗansa, musamman amfani da chromatisms, Marschner yayi tsammanin Wagner. Duk da haka, hatta operas ɗinsa mafi mahimmanci suna da sifofin epigone, wuce gona da iri na wasan kwaikwayo, da bambancin salo. Bayan ya ƙarfafa abubuwa masu ban sha'awa na kerawa na Weber, ya rasa haɗin kai tare da fasahar jama'a, mahimmancin akida, da ikon ji.
V. Konen
