Renato Bruson (Renato Bruson) |

Renato bruson

Renato Bruzon, ɗaya daga cikin shahararrun mashahuran Italiyanci, yana bikin ranar haihuwar 2010th a cikin Janairu XNUMX. Nasarar da tausayin jama'a, wadanda suka yi masa rakiya sama da shekaru arba'in, sun cancanci kwata-kwata. Bruzon, ɗan asalin Este (kusa da Padua, yana zaune a garinsu har zuwa yau), ana ɗaukarsa ɗayan mafi kyawun baritone na Verdi. Nabucco nasa, Charles V, Macbeth, Rigoletto, Simon Boccanegra, Rodrigo, Iago da Falstaff cikakke ne kuma sun shiga fagen almara. Ya ba da gudummawar da ba za a manta da ita ba ga Donizetti-Renaissance kuma ya ba da kulawa sosai ga aikin ɗakin.

Renato Bruzon yana sama da duk wani ƙwararren mawaƙi ne. Ana kiransa "belkantist" mafi girma a zamaninmu. Za a iya ɗaukar timbre na Bruzon ɗaya daga cikin mafi kyawun timbre na baritone na rabin karni na ƙarshe. Ana bambanta samar da sautinsa ta hanyar laushi mara kyau, kuma furucinsa yana cin amanar aiki na gaske marar iyaka da ƙauna ga kamala. Amma abin da ya sa Bruzon Bruzon shi ne abin da ya bambanta shi da sauran manyan muryoyin - lafazin sa na aristocratic da ladabi. An halicci Bruzon don sanyawa a kan mataki siffofi na sarakuna da doges, marquises da Knights: kuma a cikin tarihinsa shine Sarkin sarakuna Charles na biyar a Hernani da Sarki Alfonso a cikin Favorite, Doge Francesco Foscari a cikin Foscari biyu da Doge Simon Boccanegra. a cikin opera na wannan sunan, da Marquis Rodrigo di Posa a Don Carlos, ban da Nabucco da Macbeth. Har ila yau, Renato Bruzon ya kafa kansa a matsayin ɗan wasan kwaikwayo mai iyawa kuma mai taɓawa, mai iya "cire" hawaye daga masu sukar da ake girmamawa a cikin "Simon Boccanegre" ko yin dariya ba zai yiwu ba a cikin taken "Falstaff". Kuma duk da haka Bruzon yana ƙirƙirar fasaha na gaske kuma yana ba da jin daɗi na gaske tare da muryarsa: pasty, zagaye, uniform a duk faɗin. Kuna iya rufe idanunku ko kallon nesa daga mataki: Nabucco da Macbeth za su bayyana a gaban idon ciki kamar yadda suke da rai, godiya ga waƙa kadai.

Bruzon yayi karatu a kasarsa Padua. Ya halarta a karon ya faru a 1961, lokacin da singer yana da shekaru talatin da haihuwa, a Gwaji Opera House a Spoleto, wanda ya ba da dama ga matasa da yawa mawaƙa, a daya daga cikin Verdi ta "tsarki" matsayin: Count di Luna a Il trovatore. Aikin Bruson ya kasance cikin sauri da farin ciki: tuni a cikin 1968 ya rera waka a Opera na Metropolitan a New York di Luna da Enrico a Lucia di Lammermoor. Shekaru uku bayan haka, Bruzon ya hau kan mataki na La Scala, inda ya taka rawar Antonio a Linda Di Chamouni. Mawallafa biyu, fassarar waƙar da ya sadaukar da rayuwarsa ga Donizetti da Verdi, sun yanke shawarar da sauri, amma Bruzon ya sami daraja mai ɗorewa a matsayin Verdi baritone, bayan ya haye tsawon shekaru arba'in. An sadaukar da sashin farko na aikinsa don recitals da operas ta Donizetti.

Jerin operas na Donizetti a cikin "rakodin waƙa" yana da ban mamaki a yawansa: Belisarius, Caterina Cornaro, Duke na Alba, Fausta, The Favorite, Gemma di Vergi, Polyeuctus da sigar Faransanci "Shahidai", "Linda di Chamouni", "Lucia di Lammermoor", "Maria di Rogan". Bugu da kari, Bruzon ya yi a operas ta Gluck, Mozart, Sacchini, Spontini, Bellini, Bizet, Gounod, Massenet, Mascagni, Leoncavallo, Puccini, Giordano, Pizzetti, Wagner da Richard Strauss, Menotti, kuma ya rera a cikin Tchaikovsky's Eugene Onegin da Betrothal a cikin sufi" by Prokofiev. Wasan opera da ba safai ba a cikin repertoire shine Haydn's The Desert Island. Ga matsayin Verdi, wanda yanzu ya zama alama, Bruzon ya kusanci sannu a hankali kuma a zahiri. A cikin shekarun sittin, ya kasance kyakkyawan kyakkyawan baritone na waƙa, tare da launi mai haske, tare da kasancewar babban maɗaukaki, kusan tenor "A" a cikin kewayon. Waƙar waƙar Donizetti da Bellini (ya rera waƙa da yawa a cikin Puritani) ya dace da yanayinsa a matsayin "belcantista". A cikin shekarun saba'in, shine lokacin Charles na Biyar a cikin Verdi's Hernani: An dauki Bruzon a matsayin mafi kyawun wannan rawar a cikin rabin karni na karshe. Wasu za su iya rera waƙa kamar yadda ya yi, amma babu wanda ya iya shigar da matasa chivalry a kan mataki kamarsa. Yayin da yake kusantar balaga, ɗan adam da fasaha, muryar Bruson ya zama mai ƙarfi a cikin rajista na tsakiya, ya ɗauki launi mai ban mamaki. Yin kawai a cikin wasan operas na Donizetti, Bruzon ba zai iya yin sana'ar ƙasa da ƙasa ta gaske ba. Duniyar opera ta sa ran daga gare shi Macbeth, Rigoletto, Iago.

Canjin Bruzon zuwa nau'in Verdi baritone bai kasance mai sauƙi ba. Wasan operas na gaskiya, tare da sanannen "Scream arias", wanda jama'a ke so, sun yi tasiri sosai kan yadda ake yin wasan operas na Verdi. Tun daga karshen shekaru XNUMX zuwa tsakiyar sittin, wasan opera ya kasance da babbar murya mai sautin murya, wadanda wakarsu ta yi kama da cizon hakora. Bambanci tsakanin Scarpia da Rigoletto an manta da su gaba ɗaya, kuma a cikin zukatan jama'a, ƙarar murya, "taurin kai" a cikin ruhun gaskiya ya dace da halayen Verdi. Duk da yake Verdi baritone, ko da lokacin da aka kira wannan murya don bayyana munanan haruffa, ba ya rasa kamewa da alherinsa. Renato Bruzon ya ɗauki aikin mayar da haruffan Verdi zuwa ainihin bayyanar muryar su. Ya tilasta wa masu sauraro sauraron sautin muryarsa, zuwa layin murya mara kyau, don yin tunani game da daidaitaccen salo dangane da wasan operas na Verdi, wanda ake so har ya kai ga hauka da kuma "waƙa" fiye da ganewa.

Rigoletto Bruzona gaba daya ba shi da caricature, lalata da hanyoyin karya. Halin mutunci wanda ke nuna alamar Padua a cikin rayuwa da kuma a kan mataki ya zama halayyar jarumi na Verdi mai banƙyama da wahala. Rigoletto nasa yana da alama aristocrat ne, saboda dalilan da ba a sani ba sun tilasta yin rayuwa bisa ga ka'idodin zamantakewa daban-daban. Bruzon yana sanye da kayan haɓakawa kamar rigar zamani kuma bai taɓa jaddada naƙasasshiyar buffoon ba. Sau nawa mutum ya ji mawaka, har da mashahuran mutane, suna yin wannan rawar, suna kururuwa, kusan karantawa, suna tilasta muryarsu! Kamar dai sau da yawa yana da alama cewa duk wannan ya dace da Rigoletto. Amma ƙoƙarin jiki, gajiya daga wasan kwaikwayo na gaskiya ba su da nisa daga Renato Bruzon. Yana jagorantar layukan murya cikin ƙauna maimakon ihu, kuma ba ya yin karatu ba tare da dalili ba. Ya bayyana a fili cewa bayan tsautsayi da uban ya yi na neman a dawo da ‘yarsa, akwai wahala marar iyaka, wanda ba za a iya isar da shi ta hanyar layukan murya mara kyau ba, ta hanyar numfashi.

Wani babi na daban a cikin dogon aiki mai ɗaukaka na Bruzon ba shakka shine Simon Boccanegra na Verdi. Wannan wasan opera ce mai “wuya” wacce ba ta cikin shahararrun abubuwan kirkirar Busset hazaka. Bruson ya nuna ƙauna ta musamman ga rawar, yana yin ta sama da sau ɗari uku. A cikin 1976 ya rera Simon a karon farko a Teatro Regio a Parma (wanda masu sauraronsa kusan ba su da tabbas). Masu sukar da ke cikin zauren sun yi magana da ƙwazo game da wasan da ya yi a cikin wannan wasan opera mai wahala da rashin farin jini ta Verdi: “Jarumin jarumin shine Renato Bruzon… . Amma ban yi tunanin cewa Bruzon, a matsayin ɗan wasan kwaikwayo, zai iya cimma irin kamalar da ya nuna a cikin al'amuransa tare da Amelia. Haƙiƙa ƙaƙƙarfa ce kuma uba, kyakkyawa kuma mai daraja, magana ta katse saboda bacin rai, fuskarsa na rawan jiki da wahala. Sai na ce wa Bruzon da shugaba Riccardo Chailly (a lokacin ɗan shekara ashirin da uku): “Kun sa ni kuka. Kuma ba ka da kunya? Waɗannan kalmomi na Rodolfo Celletti ne, kuma baya buƙatar gabatarwa.

Babban aikin Renato Bruzon shine Falstaff. Mutumin mai kitse na Shakespeare ya kasance tare da baritone daga Padua daidai shekaru ashirin: ya fara halarta a wannan rawar a 1982 a Los Angeles, bisa gayyatar Carlo Maria Giulini. Dogon sa'o'i na karantawa da tunani akan rubutun Shakespearean da kuma kan wasiƙun Verdi tare da Boito sun haifar da wannan abin ban mamaki kuma mai cike da fara'a. Dole ne Bruzon ya sake dawowa cikin jiki: tsawon sa'o'i yana tafiya tare da ciki na ƙarya, yana neman rashin tsayawa na Sir John, mai lalatar da ya damu da sha'awar giya mai kyau. Falstaff Bruzona ya zama mutumin kirki wanda ko kadan ba ya kan hanya tare da 'yan iska kamar Bardolph da Pistol, wanda ke jure su a kusa da shi kawai saboda ba zai iya samun shafukan yanar gizo ba. Wannan "Sir" na gaskiya ne, wanda gaba daya halinsa na dabi'a ya nuna a fili tushen sa na aristocratic, kuma wanda kwanciyar hankali na kansa ba ya buƙatar muryar murya. Ko da yake mun san da kyau cewa irin wannan fassarori mai haske ya dogara ne akan aiki mai wuyar gaske, kuma ba daidai ba ne na hali na hali da kuma mai yin wasan kwaikwayo, Renato Bruzon da alama an haife shi ne a cikin riguna masu kitse na Falstaff da kayan sa kamar zakara. Kuma duk da haka, a cikin rawar Falstaff, Bruson yana kula da sama da duka don raira waƙa da kyau kuma ba tare da lahani ba kuma bai taɓa sadaukar da wata doka ba. Dariya a cikin zauren ba ta taso ba saboda yin aiki (ko da yake a cikin yanayin Falstaff yana da kyau, kuma fassarar ita ce asali), amma saboda ƙaddamar da gangan, furci bayyananni da ƙamus. Kamar koyaushe, ya isa ya ji Bruson don tunanin halin.

Renato Bruzon watakila shi ne "mara kyau baritone" na ƙarshe na karni na ashirin. A kan wasan opera na Italiyanci na zamani akwai masu yawa masu irin wannan nau'in murya tare da kyakkyawar horarwa da kuma sautin murya kamar ruwa: ya isa ya ambaci sunayen Antonio Salvadori, Carlo Guelfi, Vittorio Vitelli. Amma dangane da aristocracy da ladabi, babu ɗayansu da ya kai Renato Bruzon. Baritone daga Este ba tauraro ba ne, amma mai fassara, mai nasara, amma ba tare da wuce gona da iri ba. Bukatunsa suna da fadi kuma labarinsa bai takaitu ga wasan opera ba. Gaskiyar cewa Bruzon dan Italiyanci ne har zuwa wani lokaci "ya yanke masa hukunci" don yin aiki a cikin repertoire na kasa. Bugu da ƙari, a Italiya, akwai sha'awar wasan opera, da kuma sha'awar kide-kide. Koyaya, Renato Bruzon yana jin daɗin shaharar da ya cancanta a matsayin ɗan wasan kwaikwayo. A wani mahallin, zai rera waƙa a cikin oratorios da operas na Wagner, kuma wataƙila ya mai da hankali kan nau'in Lieder.

Renato Bruzon bai taɓa barin kansa ya zazzage idanunsa ba, ya “fiɗa” waƙoƙin waƙa kuma ya daɗe a kan abubuwan ban mamaki fiye da rubutawa a cikin maki. Domin wannan, "babban seigneur" na opera ya sami lada tare da m tsawon rai: a kusan saba'in, ya rera waka Germont a Vienna Opera, nuna abubuwan al'ajabi na fasaha da kuma numfashi. Bayan fassararsa na haruffan Donizetti da Verdi, babu wanda zai iya yin a cikin waɗannan ayyuka ba tare da la'akari da mutunci na asali da halaye na musamman na muryar baritone daga Este ba.