Preduvanie |

Preduvanie - hanyar da za a fitar da sauti na tsayi daban-daban akan muses na iska. kayan aiki ba tare da taimakon ramukan wasa ba, bawuloli ko huɗa. A kayan aikin bakin bakin tagulla P. - osn. ka'idar hakar sauti, don na katako - ana amfani dashi lokacin fitar da sauti a cikin 2nd da 3rd octaves na kewayon su. Tare da P., mawaƙin, ba tare da canza matsayi na yatsunsu ba, yana ƙaruwa da ƙarfi na numfashi da tashin hankali na lebe, saboda haka an raba ginshiƙan iska a cikin tashar ganga zuwa masu zaman kansu. sassan da suke sauti sama da babba. Sautunan kayan aiki, wanda ya dace da matakan ma'auni na dabi'a: ginshiƙi na iska, zuwa kashi 2, yana ba da sauti na 2nd na halitta (octave daga babban sautin); Kashi 3 cikin uku – 3rd na halitta sauti (wani octave da na biyar daga babban sautin); a kan kwata na 4 - sauti na 4th na halitta (octaves 2 daga babban sautin). Ana amfani da ƙarin rarrabuwa na ginshiƙin iska a cikin iska mai ƙarfi sosai, a cikin tagulla tare da taimakon P. sun kai sautin yanayi na 16. A lokacin da P. a kan clarinet, saboda da peculiarities na da zane (cylindrical tashar), ba na 2nd, amma 3rd halitta sauti tasowa, wato, ba wani octave, amma duodecime (abin da ake kira biyar P.). A kan oboes, clarinets, bassoons, akwai na musamman. "Octave" bawuloli masu sauƙaƙe P.

S. Ya. Levin