Epitaph |

Epitaf (daga Girkanci epitapios - dutsen kabari, daga epi - on, over da tapos - kabari) - rubutun kabari, yawanci a cikin aya. Nau'in E. ya haɓaka a Dr. Girka da Roma. A cikin al'adun Turai, duka waƙa na gaske da kuma tatsuniya, kamar yadda ake yin ta, an sake yin ta - waƙa a cikin ruhin rubutun kabari, wanda ya wanzu akan haƙƙoƙi kamar sauran waƙa "marasa amfani" - an yi amfani da su. An kiyaye E., sadaukarwa ga mawaƙa, misali. busa ƙaho na sojojin Roma (duba littafin: Fedorova EV, Rubutun Latin, M., 1976, shafi 140, 250, No 340) da kuma mai kula da gabobin jiki, "wanda ya san yadda ake yin gabobin ruwa har ma da jagorantar motsi (na ruwa a cikinsu)”. Lokaci-lokaci, ainihin E. sun kasance masu kida. Don haka, a kan kabarin Seikil a Tralles (Lydia, Ƙananan Asiya) ca. 100 BC e. an zana rikodi na waƙar waƙa tare da rubutun da ya dace (duba misalin kiɗa a cikin labarin Hanyoyin Hellenanci na dā). A cikin karni na 19 sau da yawa halitta muses. samfurori, wanda a cikin yanayin su ya dace da ra'ayin u2buXNUMXbE. kuma wani lokacin suna da wannan sunan. Daga cikin su akwai motsi na XNUMXnd na Jana'izar Berlioz da Symphony Triumphal (Maganar Kabarin don solo trombone), E. zuwa Dutsen Dutsen Max Egon na Furstenberg "don sarewa, clarinet da garaya ta Stravinsky, E. ("Drei Grabschriften") Dessau. a kan op. B. Brecht (a cikin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar VI Lenin, M. Gorky da R. Luxembourg), E. akan mutuwar K. Shimanovsky don kirtani. Sheligovsky Orchestra, vocal-symphony. E. a ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar F. Garcia Lorca Nono da sauransu. E. suna da alaƙa da wasu samfuran. abin da ake kira. nau'ikan tunawa - tattakin jana'izar, musun, dutsen kabari (Le tombeau; suite "Kabari na Couperin" don pianoforte Ravel, "Waƙar baƙin ciki" don ƙungiyar makaɗar Lyadov), wasu ƙwararru, Lamento, A cikin memoriam (introit "A ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar TS). Eliot Stravinsky, "A cikin memoriam" don ƙungiyar makada Schnittke).

Bugawa: Girki epigram, trans. с древнегреч., (M., 1960); Waƙoƙin Latin na Epigraphy. Br. Buecheler, fasc. 1-3, Lipsia, 1895-1926; waƙoƙin kabari na Latin. J. Cholodniak, Petropolis ya tattara, 1897.

References: Petrovsky PA, waqoqin almara na Latin, M., 1962; Ramsay WM, Rubutun da ba a gyara ba na Asiya Ƙarama, Bulletin de Correspondance Hellénique, 1883, v. 7, No. 21, p. 277-78; Crusius O., Ein Liederfragment auf einer antiken Statuenbasis, “Philologus”, 1891, Bd 50, S. 163-72; nasa, Zu neuentdeckten antiken Musikresten, ibid., 1893, S. 160-200; Martin E., Trois documents de musique grecque, P., 1953, p. 48-55; Fischer W., Das Grablied des Seikilos, der einzige Zeuge des antiken weltlichen Liedes, in Ammann-Festgabe, Vol. 1, Innsbruck, 1953, S. 153-65.

EV Gertzman