Janis Andreevich Ivanov (Jānis Ivanovs) |

Janis Ivanovs

Daga cikin wadanda suka kafa Soviet Symphony, daya daga cikin manyan wuraren da ya dace Y. Ivanov ya mamaye shi. Sunansa yana da alaƙa da ƙirƙira da haɓakar wasan kwaikwayo na Latvia, wanda ya sadaukar da kusan dukkanin rayuwarsa ta kere-kere. Gadar Ivanov ya bambanta a cikin nau'i: tare da wasan kwaikwayo, ya ƙirƙiri ayyukan wasan kwaikwayo da yawa (waqoqi, wakoki, da sauransu), 1936 kide-kide, wakoki 3 don mawaƙa da ƙungiyar mawaƙa, ƙungiyoyin ɗaki da yawa (ciki har da 2 kirtani quartets, piano trio) ) , abubuwan da aka tsara don piano (sonatas, bambancin, zagayowar "Sketches Ashirin da Hudu"), waƙoƙi, kiɗan fim. Amma a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na Ivanov ya bayyana kansa a fili da cikakken. A wannan ma'ana, m hali na mawaki yana kusa da N. Myaskovsky. Ƙwararren Ivanov ya ci gaba na dogon lokaci, a hankali yana ingantawa da gano sababbin fuskoki. An kafa ka'idodin fasaha bisa ga al'adun gargajiya na Turai da na Rasha, waɗanda aka wadatar da asalin ƙasa, dogaro ga tarihin Latvia.

A cikin zuciyar mawaƙin, ƙasarsa ta Latgale, ƙasar tabkuna shuɗi, inda aka haife shi a cikin dangin manoma, ana buga ta har abada. Hotunan Motherland daga baya sun rayu a cikin na shida ("Latgale") Symphony (1949), ɗayan mafi kyawun gadonsa. A cikin ƙuruciyarsa, Ivanov ya tilasta zama ma'aikacin gona, amma godiya ga aiki da sadaukarwa, ya sami damar shiga Riga Conservatory, wanda ya sauke karatu a cikin 1933 a cikin aji tare da J. Vitols kuma a cikin aji tare da G. Shnefogt. Mawaƙin ya ba da ƙarfi sosai ga ayyukan ilimi da koyarwa. Kusan shekaru 30 (har zuwa 1961) ya yi aiki a gidan rediyo, a lokacin yakin bayan yakin ya jagoranci jagorancin yada wakokin kasar. Gudunmawar Ivanov ga ilimin matasa mawaƙa a Latvia yana da matukar amfani. Daga cikin aji na Conservatory, wanda ya koyar tun 1944, da yawa manyan Masters na Latvia music fito: daga cikinsu J. Karlson, O. Gravitis, R. Pauls da sauransu.

Dukan hanyar rayuwa ta Ivanov an ƙaddara ta hanyar hanyoyin kerawa, inda waƙoƙin yabo sun zama manyan abubuwan da suka faru. Kamar wasan kwaikwayo na D. Shostakovich, ana iya kiran su "Tarihi na Zamani." Sau da yawa mawaƙin yana gabatar da abubuwan shirye-shirye a cikin su - ya ba da cikakken bayani (Na shida), lakabi ga zagayowar ko sassanta (Na huɗu, "Atlantis" - 1941; Na sha biyu, "Sinfonia energica" - 1967; Na goma sha uku, "Symphonia humana" - 1969), ya bambanta nau'in bayyanar wasan kwaikwayo (na sha huɗu, "Sinfonia da kamara" don kirtani - 1971; na goma sha uku, a kan st. Z. Purvs, tare da sa hannu na mai karatu, da dai sauransu), sabunta tsarin ciki. . Asalin tsarin kirkirar Ivanov ya fi mayar da hankali kan waƙarsa mai fa'ida, wanda asalinsa ya ta'allaka ne a cikin waƙar gargajiya ta Latvia, amma kuma yana kusa da rubutun waƙar Slavic.

Symphonism na Latvia master yana da yawa: kamar na Myaskovsky, ya haɗu da rassa biyu na wasan kwaikwayo na Rasha - almara da ban mamaki. A cikin farkon lokaci, almara picturesqueness, lyrical Genre rinjaye a cikin ayyukan Ivanov, a kan lokaci, salonsa yana ƙara haɓaka ta hanyar rikice-rikice, wasan kwaikwayo, ya kai ƙarshen hanyar babban sauƙi da falsafar hikima. Duniya na kiɗa na Ivanov yana da wadata kuma ya bambanta: a nan akwai hotuna na yanayi, zane-zane na yau da kullum, kalmomi da bala'i. Dan mutanensa na gaske, mawaƙin ya amsa baƙin ciki da jin daɗinsu da zuciya ɗaya. Ɗaya daga cikin muhimman wurare a cikin aikin mawaƙi yana shagaltar da jigon farar hula. Tuni a cikin 1941, ya kasance na farko a Latvia don amsa abubuwan da suka faru na yakin tare da wasan kwaikwayo-alama "Atlantis", kuma daga baya ya zurfafa wannan batu a cikin biyar (1945) kuma musamman a cikin taruka na tara (1960). Har ila yau, Ivanov ya zama majagaba a cikin bayyanar da jigon Leninist, yana sadaukar da Symphony na goma sha uku ga bikin cika shekaru 100 na shugaban. Mawallafin ya kasance yana da ma'anar aiki, babban nauyi ga makomar mutanensa, waɗanda ya yi aiki da aminci ba kawai tare da kerawa ba, har ma da ayyukansa na zamantakewa. Lokacin da aka yi a ranar 3 ga Mayu, 1984, Symphony na Ashirin da Farko na mawaki, wanda ɗalibin Ivanov J. Karlsons ya kammala, a Riga, an gane shi a matsayin shaida na babban mai fasaha, "labari na ƙarshe game da lokaci da kuma kansa."

G. Zhdanova