Franz von Suppé |
Franz von Soup
Suppe shine wanda ya kafa operetta na Austriya. A cikin aikinsa, ya haɗu da wasu nasarorin operetta na Faransa (Offenbach) tare da al'adun gargajiya na Viennese kawai - singspiel, "sihirin sihiri". Kiɗa na Suppe ya haɗu da karimcin karimcin halin Italiyanci, rawan Viennese, musamman waƙar waltz. operettas ɗinsa sun shahara saboda ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararru, da kuma nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan wasan operetta waɗanda ke gabatowa.
Franz von Suppe - ainihin sunansa shine Francesco Zuppe-Demelli - an haife shi a ranar 18 ga Afrilu, 1819 a birnin Dalmatiya na Spalato (yanzu Split, Yugoslavia). Kakanninsa sun kasance baƙi daga Belgium, waɗanda suka zauna a birnin Cremona na Italiya. Mahaifinsa ya yi aiki a Spalato a matsayin kwamishinan gundumar kuma a cikin 1817 ya auri ɗan ƙasar Vienna, Katharina Landowska. Francesco ya zama ɗansu na biyu. Tuni a lokacin ƙuruciya, ya nuna gwanintar kida mai ban sha'awa. Ya buga sarewa, tun yana dan shekara goma ya hada sassa masu sauki. Lokacin da yake da shekaru goma sha bakwai, Suppe ya rubuta Mass, kuma bayan shekara guda, wasan opera na farko, Virginia. A wannan lokaci, yana zaune a Vienna, inda ya koma tare da mahaifiyarsa a 1835, bayan mutuwar mahaifinsa. A nan ya yi karatu tare da S. Zechter da I. Seyfried, daga baya ya sadu da shahararren mawakin Italiya G. Donizetti kuma ya yi amfani da shawararsa.
Tun 1840, Zuppe yana aiki a matsayin jagora da mawaƙin wasan kwaikwayo a Vienna, Pressburg (yanzu Bratislava), Odenburg (yanzu Sopron, Hungary), Baden (kusa da Vienna). Yakan rubuta kide-kide da yawa don wasanni daban-daban, amma daga lokaci zuwa lokaci yakan juya zuwa manyan nau'ikan kade-kade da na wasan kwaikwayo. Don haka, a cikin 1847, wasan opera nasa The Girl in the Village ya bayyana, a cikin 1858 - sakin layi na uku. Shekaru biyu bayan haka, Zuppe ya fara fitowa a matsayin mawaƙin operetta tare da operetta mai suna The Boarding House. Ya zuwa yanzu, wannan gwaji ne kawai na alkalami, kamar Sarauniyar Spades (1862), wanda ke biye da shi. Amma na uku operetta Brides goma kuma ba ango ba (1862) ya kawo shaharar mawakin a Turai. operetta na gaba, The Merry Schoolchildren (1863), ya dogara ne gaba ɗaya akan waƙoƙin ɗaliban Viennese don haka shine nau'in ma'anar ma'anar makarantar operetta ta Viennese. Sa'an nan kuma akwai operettas La Belle Galatea (1865), Hasken doki (1866), Fatinica (1876), Boccaccio (1879), Dona Juanita (1880), Gascon (1881), Aboki na Zuciya" (1882), "Masu ruwa a cikin jirgin ruwa. mahaifarsa" (1885), "Kyakkyawan mutum" (1887), "Neman farin ciki" (1888).
Mafi kyawun ayyukan Zuppe, waɗanda aka ƙirƙira a tsawon shekaru biyar, sune Fatinica, Boccaccio da Doña Juanita. Ko da yake mawaƙin ko da yaushe ya yi aiki da tunani, a hankali, a nan gaba ba zai iya tashi zuwa matakin wadannan uku na operettas.
Yana aiki a matsayin jagora kusan har zuwa kwanakin ƙarshe na rayuwarsa, Suppe ya rubuta kusan babu kiɗa a cikin raguwar shekarunsa. Ya mutu a ranar 21 ga Mayu, 1895 a Vienna.
Daga cikin ayyukansa akwai operettas talatin da daya, da Mass, Requiem, cantatas da yawa, wasan kwaikwayo, overtures, quartets, romances da mawaka.
L. Mikheva, A. Orelovich
