Cikakken tsarin |
Greek sustnma teleion, lit. – cikakken abun da ke ciki
A cikin ka'idar tsohuwar kiɗan Girka, tsarin ma'auni mai haɗaka wanda ya haɗu da adadin hanyoyin octave.
Main S. iri-iri tare da. - "kafaffen", kazalika da bambance-bambancensa - "wayar hannu" (ko "mai canzawa" - metabolon; duba hanyoyin Girkanci na Tsohuwar). “Tsarin” a cikin Helenawa ana kiransu da suna gamma-kamar ma'anar oda. hade da sautuna. Aristoxenus ya kwatanta "tsarin" a matsayin wani abu da ya ƙunshi fiye da ɗaya adadin tazara ("Elements of Harmonics", 38). Ptolemy (“Harmonica”, II, 4) ya danganta tsarin tare da “haɗin kai” na “haɗin kai”, wato, maƙasudin kwata, na biyar ko octave, suna kiransa “symphony of symphonies.” A wannan yanayin, S. s. - ƙungiyar duka (shida) "alamomi", tsarin da ke cikin kewayon octaves biyu. Game da S. s. Euclid da farko ya ambata (ƙarni na 4-3 BC) a sassan ƙarshe na rubutun “The Division of the Canon” (duba “Musici scriptores graeci”, shafi na 163-66; duk da haka, ana jayayya da sahihancin waɗannan sassan wani lokaci) . Cleonides (Pseudo-Euclid) da Gaudentius suma sun siffanta "karamin S. s." (sustnma teleion elatton; duba littafin Musici scriptores graeci, shafi na 199-201, 335), ko ƙaramin S. tare da: “Akwai ingantattun tsarin guda biyu, ɗaya ƙarami, ɗayan kuma ya fi girma. Karamin yana samuwa ta hanyar "haɗi" (synapnn); yana tafiya daga proslambanomen (A) zuwa United neta (d1). Yana da haɗin tetrachords guda uku na gaba - ƙananan, tsakiya da haɗin kai - da (ɗaya mai raba) sautin tsakanin proslambanomen (A) da ƙananan hypate (H). An iyakance shi ta hanyar haɗin gwiwar octave ("ta hanyar komai") da quart ("ta hanyar hudu"). Don haka, "karamin S. s." ya ƙunshi tetrachords Dorian guda uku (ƙasa: sautin - sautin - semitone), wanda aka bayyana ta hanyar da aka haɗa (tare da daidaituwar sautunan kusa):
"Mafi S. s." Helenawa suna da alaƙa da "yanayin yau da kullum", irin na sauran Rashanci. kiɗan coci (duba sikelin yau da kullun).
References: Иванв Г. A., 'anonoy Esmongn Armonikn (греч. текст с SHEKARA. 1894, кн. 7-1; Paul О., Boethius da Harmonics na Girkanci, Lpz., 2; Aristoxenus von Tarent, Melik da Rhythmic na Classical Hellenenthums, Volume 1872, hrsg. von R. Westphal, Lpz., 1, Bd 1883, hrsg. von F. Saran, Lpz., 2; Marubutan kiɗa na Graeci, hrsg. von С v. Jan, Lpz., 1893; A lokacin 1895., Die Harmonielehre des Claudius Ptolemaios, "Rijista na Makarantar Sakandare na Gothenburg", XXXVI, 1, Gothenburg, 1, Nachdruck Hildesheim, 1930; Aristoxeni Harmonic Element, Rome, 1962; Sachs C., Kiɗa na Tsohon Duniya a Gabas da Kiɗa. Yamma, В., 1954; Najock D., Magungunan Girika Basu da Suna Uku akan Kiɗa, "Gцttingen Ayyukan Kimiyya na Kiɗa", Juzu'i 1968, Gцttingen, 2.
Yu. H. Kholopov
