Fikret Amirov |

Fikret Amirov

Na ga wani marmaro. Tsaftace da sabo, yana gunaguni da ƙarfi, ya ruga cikin filayensa na asali. Waƙoƙin Amirov suna numfasawa sabo da tsabta. Na ga bishiyar jirgin sama. Tushen tsiro a cikin ƙasa, ya haura zuwa sama da kambinsa. Irin wannan bishiyar jirgin sama shine fasahar Fikret Amirov, wanda ya tashi daidai saboda gaskiyar cewa ya sami tushe a cikin ƙasa ta asali. Nabi Hazri

Kiɗa na F. Amirov yana da babban abin jan hankali da fara'a. Gadon kirkire-kirkire na mawakin yana da fadi kuma yana da bangarori da yawa, yana da alaka ta zahiri da kidan jama'a na Azabaijan da al'adun kasa. Daya daga cikin mafi m fasali na Amirov ta m harshe ne melodism: "Fikret Amirov yana da wani arziki melodic kyauta," ya rubuta D. Shostakovich. "Melody shine ruhin aikinsa."

A kashi na jama'a music kewaye Amirov tun lokacin yaro. An haife shi a cikin dangin sanannen tarksta da peztsakhanende (mai wasan kwaikwayo na mugham) Mashadi Jamil Amirov. "Shusha, inda mahaifina ya fito, an yi la'akari da shi a matsayin mai kula da Transcaucasia," Amirov ya tuna. “... Mahaifina ne ya bayyana mani duniyar sauti da sirrin mughams. Ko ina yaro, na yi sha’awar koyi da wasan kwalta. Wani lokaci nakan yi kyau a ciki kuma na kawo farin ciki sosai. Babban rawar da ya taka a cikin samuwar hali na mawaki Amirov ya taka rawar da fitattun mawakan Azabaijan - mawaki U. Gadzhibekov da mawaƙa Bul-Bul. A shekarar 1949, Amirov ya sauke karatu daga Conservatory, inda ya karanta abun da ke ciki a cikin B. Zeidman ta class. A cikin shekarun da aka yi karatu a ɗakin ajiya, matashin mawaki ya yi aiki a cikin azuzuwan kiɗan jama'a (NIKMUZ), a ka'idar fahimtar tatsuniyoyi da fasahar mugham. A wannan lokacin, an ƙaddamar da himmar matashin mawaƙa ga ƙa'idodin ƙirƙira na U. Gadzhibekov, wanda ya kafa ƙwararrun kiɗan Azerbaijan da, musamman, wasan opera na ƙasa. "An kira ni daya daga cikin magajin aikin Uzeyir Gadzhibekov, kuma ina alfahari da wannan," Amirov ya rubuta. An tabbatar da waɗannan kalmomi ta waƙar "Sadakarwa ga Uzeyir Gadzhibekov" (don haɗin gwiwar violins da cellos tare da piano, 1949). A karkashin rinjayar Gadzhibekov's operettas (a cikin wanda Arshin Mal Alan ne musamman rare), Amirov yana da ra'ayin ya rubuta nasa music comedy The barayi na zukata (buga a 1943). Aikin ya ci gaba a karkashin jagorancin U. Gadzhibekov. Ya kuma ba da gudummawa wajen samar da wannan aikin a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Musical Comedy, wanda aka buɗe a waɗannan shekarun yaƙi masu wahala. Ba da da ewa Amirov ya rubuta na biyu m comedy - Good News (buga a 1946). A wannan lokaci, da opera "Uldiz" ("Star", 1948), da symphonic waka "A cikin Memory na Heroes na Great Patriotic War" (1943), da biyu Concerto for violin da piano da Orchestra (1946) kuma ya bayyana. . A shekara ta 1947, mawaƙin ya rubuta waƙar Nizami, wasan kwaikwayo na farko na kaɗe-kaɗe na kiɗan Azerbaijan. Kuma a ƙarshe, a cikin 1948, Amirov ya ƙirƙira sanannen mughams na symphonic "Shur" da "Kurd-ovshary", wanda ke wakiltar sabon nau'in, ainihin abin da ya haɗa da al'adun mawaƙa na Azerbaijan-Khanende tare da ka'idodin kiɗan kiɗan Turai. .

“Kirƙirar mughams mai suna “Shur” da “Kurd-ovshary” yunƙurin Bul-Bul ne,” in ji Amirov, Bul-Bul shi ne “mafi kusanci, mai ba da shawara kuma mataimaki ga ayyukan da na rubuta ya zuwa yanzu.” Dukansu abubuwan da aka tsara sun haɗa da diptych, kasancewa masu zaman kansu kuma a lokaci guda suna da alaƙa da juna ta hanyar modal da dangi na shiga, kasancewar haɗin gwiwar melodic da leitmotif guda ɗaya. Babban rawa a cikin diptych na mugham Shur ne. Dukansu ayyukan sun zama wani gagarumin taron a cikin rayuwar kiɗa na Azerbaijan. Sun sami karbuwa daga ƙasashen duniya da gaske kuma sun aza harsashin bullowar maqomai masu ban dariya a Tajikistan da Uzbekistan.

Amirov ya nuna kansa a matsayin mai kirkiro a cikin opera Sevil (post. 1953), wanda aka rubuta bisa ga wasan kwaikwayo na wannan sunan da J. Jabarly, na farko na kasa lyric-psychological opera. "Wasan kwaikwayo na J. Jabarly ya saba da ni daga makaranta," Amirov ya rubuta. “A farkon 30s, a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na garin Ganj, dole ne in taka rawar ɗan Sevil, ƙaramin Gunduz. Na yi ƙoƙari in adana a cikin opera ta babban ra'ayin wasan kwaikwayo - ra'ayin gwagwarmayar mace ta Gabas don kare hakkin ɗan adam, hanyoyin gwagwarmayar sabuwar al'adun proletarian tare da bourgeois bourgeoisie. A cikin aiwatar da aikin da aka tsara, tunanin kamance tsakanin jaruman wasan kwaikwayo na J. Jabarly da operas na Tchaikovsky bai bar ni ba. Sevil da Tatiana, Balash da Herman suna kusa a cikin rumbun ajiyar su. Mawaƙin ƙasar Azerbaijan Samad Vurgun ya yi maraba da fitowar wasan opera: "..." Seville" yana da wadata a cikin waƙoƙin waƙa masu ban sha'awa waɗanda aka zana daga taskar mugham maras ƙarewa kuma a cikin fasaha ta opera.

Wani muhimmin wuri a cikin aikin Amirov a cikin 50-60s. shagaltar da ayyuka ga kade-kade na kade-kade: da m m suite "Azerbaijan" (1950), "Azerbaijan Capriccio" (1961), "Symphonic Dances" (1963), imbued da kasa melos. Layin symphonic mughams "Shur" da "Kurd-ovshary" bayan shekaru 20 aka ci gaba da Amirov ta uku symphonic mugham - "Gulustan Bayaty-shiraz" (1968), wahayi zuwa ga shayari na biyu manyan mawaka na Gabas - Hafiz da Behind. . A shekarar 1964, mawaki ya yi na biyu edition na symphony for kirtani makada "Nizami". (Waƙar waƙar babban mawaƙin Azabaijan kuma mai tunani daga baya ya ƙarfafa shi ya ƙirƙiri ballet “Nizami”). tenor, recitors and ballet troupe “The Legend of Nasimi”, kuma daga baya ya yi kade-kade na wannan ballet.

Wani sabon kololuwa a cikin aikin Amirov shine wasan ballet "Dare Dubu da Daya" (post. 1979) - wani nau'i mai ban sha'awa mai ban sha'awa, kamar dai yana haskaka sihiri na tatsuniyoyi na Larabawa. "A gayyatar da Ma'aikatar Al'adu ta Iraki, na ziyarci wannan kasa tare da N. Nazarova" (choreographer-darektan ballet. - NA). Na yi ƙoƙari na shiga zurfi cikin al'adun kiɗa na Larabawa, da filastik, kyawawan al'adun kiɗa, nazarin abubuwan tarihi da na gine-gine. Na fuskanci aikin hada kasa da na duniya. ”… Amirov ya rubuta. Makin wasan ballet yana da launi mai haske, dangane da wasan kuli-kuli da ke kwaikwayon sautin kayan kida na jama'a. Ganguna suna taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikinsa, suna ɗaukar nauyin ma'ana mai mahimmanci. Amirov ya gabatar da wani launi na timbre a cikin maki - murya (soprano) yana raira taken soyayya kuma ya zama alamar ka'idar ɗabi'a.

Amirov, tare da tsarawa, yana da hannu sosai a cikin ayyukan kiɗa da zamantakewa. Ya kasance sakataren alluna na Union of Composers na Tarayyar Soviet da kuma Union of Composers na Azerbaijan, m darektan Azerbaijan Jihar Philharmonic Society (1947), darektan Azerbaijan Academic Opera da Ballet Theater mai suna bayan. MF Akhundova (1956-59). “A koyaushe ina yin mafarki kuma har yanzu mafarkin cewa za a ji kiɗan Azerbaijan a kowane lungu na duniya… Bayan haka, mutane suna ɗaukar kansu ta hanyar kiɗan mutane! Kuma idan aƙalla na sami nasarar cika burina, burin rayuwata gaba ɗaya, to ina farin ciki, ”Fikret Amirov ya bayyana ra'ayinsa na kirkire-kirkire.

N. Aleksenko