Electro-acoustic guitar: kayan aiki abun da ke ciki, ka'idar aiki, tarihi, amfani

Bards, pop mawaƙa, jazzmen sau da yawa dauki mataki da guitar a hannunsu. Mutumin da ba a sani ba a cikin subtleties da peculiarities na yin dabaru na iya tunanin cewa wannan shi ne talakawa acoustics, daidai kamar yadda a hannun mutane a cikin yadi ko novice mawaƙa. Amma a haƙiƙanin gaskiya, waɗannan mawaƙan suna buga wani ƙwararrun kayan kida da ake kira guitar-acoustic.

Na'urar

Jiki iri ɗaya ne da na gargajiya acoustics - katako tare da ƙwanƙwasa ƙira da ramin resonator zagaye a ƙarƙashin kirtani. Wuyan yana lebur a gefen aiki kuma ya ƙare da kai tare da turakun gyarawa. Adadin kirtani ya bambanta daga 6 zuwa 12.

Bambanci tare da gita mai sauti ya ta'allaka ne a cikin sifofin tsarin abun da ke ciki, kasancewar kayan aikin lantarki waɗanda ke da alhakin canjin sauti da ingancin sauti. Wannan bambance-bambancen yana ba ku damar sake fitar da bayyanannen sautin sautin gitar mai ƙarfi tare da ƙarar ƙara.

Ana shigar da ƙwanƙwasa piezo tare da ɗaukar hoto a ƙarƙashin maƙallan cikin akwati. Ana samun irin wannan na'ura akan gitar lantarki, amma tana aiki a mitoci daban-daban kuma ana amfani da ita kawai don kayan aiki masu zaren ƙarfe.

Ana shigar da ɗakin baturi kusa da wuyansa domin mawaƙin ya yi aiki a kan matakin da ba a haɗa shi da wutar lantarki ba. Toshewar timbral ya fado a saman gefen. Yana da alhakin sarrafa sauti na electroacoustics, yana ba ku damar daidaita katako, fadada fasahar fasaha na kayan aiki.

Ka'idojin aiki

Gitar sautin lantarki memba ne na dangin kirtani. Ka'idar aiki daidai take da na acoustics - ana fitar da sauti ta hanyar zazzage igiyoyin ko buga su. Amfanin electroacoustics a cikin iyawar kayan aiki mai tsawo. Ana iya kunna shi ba tare da haɗa shi da wutar lantarki ba, wanda ba zai yiwu ba tare da guitar lantarki. A wannan yanayin, sautin zai kasance daidai da acoustics. Ko ta hanyar haɗawa da mahaɗa da makirufo. Sautin zai zama kusa da lantarki, mai ƙarfi, juicier.

Lokacin da mawaƙi ya fara wasa, igiyoyin suna rawar jiki. Sautin da suke samarwa yana ratsa ta cikin firikwensin piezo da aka gina a cikin sirdi. Ana karɓa ta hanyar ɗauka kuma an canza shi zuwa siginar lantarki waɗanda aka aika zuwa toshe sautin. A can ana sarrafa su kuma ana fitar da su ta hanyar amplifier tare da bayyananniyar sauti. Akwai nau'ikan kayan kirtani na electro-acoustic tare da takamaiman jerin abubuwan da aka gyara. Waɗannan na iya zama ginannun masu kunna sauti, tasirin sauti, sarrafa cajin baturi, na'urorin da aka fara amfani da su tare da nau'ikan sarrafa sautin iri-iri. Hakanan ana amfani da masu daidaitawa, suna da madannin kunna har zuwa shida na mitocin da ake so.

Tarihin abin da ya faru

Farkon karni na XNUMX an yi masa alama ta hanyar gwaje-gwaje da yawa akan haɓakar wutar lantarki na girgizar igiyoyin kayan aiki. Sun dogara ne akan daidaita masu watsa tarho da aiwatar da su a cikin ƙirar na'urori. Ingantawa ya taɓa banjo da violin. Mawakan sun yi ƙoƙarin ƙara sautin tare da taimakon maɓallan turawa. An makala su da mariƙin kirtani, amma saboda rawar jiki, sautin ya lalace.

Gitar-acoustic ta bayyana a ƙarshen 30s tun kafin bayyanar gitar lantarki. Mawakan ƙwararrun mawaƙa waɗanda ba su da ƙarar kiɗan da aka sake bugawa don wasan kwaikwayon "rayuwa" sun yaba da ƙarfinsa nan da nan. Masu zanen kaya sun sami ingantattun halaye ta hanyar gwaji tare da microphones waɗanda suka gurbata sauti da maye gurbin su da na'urorin lantarki na lantarki.

Shawarwari don zaɓar

Akwai nau'ikan gitar sauti na lantarki da yawa. Don masu farawa, yana da kyau a fara koyo tare da sautin kirtani na al'ada 6. Masu sana'a sun dogara ne akan abubuwan da suke so, fasali na amfani, buƙatar yin aiki a kan mataki ko a cikin ɗakin rikodi. Don gane yadda za a zabi wani electro-acoustic guitar, kana bukatar ka san siffofin na'urar. Babban bambanci yana cikin na'urori masu auna firikwensin da aka shigar. Suna iya zama:

• mai aiki - mai ƙarfi ta batura ko haɗa ta igiyar lantarki zuwa na'ura mai nisa;
• m – ba sa buƙatar ƙarin ƙarfi, amma sauti mai shuru.

Don wasan kwaikwayo na kide-kide, yana da kyau a sayi kayan aiki tare da karban piezoelectric mai aiki. Lokacin zabar, ya kamata ku kuma la'akari da nau'ikan da ake amfani da su a cikin nau'o'i daban-daban:

• jumbo - ana amfani dashi a cikin "ƙasa", yana da sauti mai ƙarfi;
• dreadnought - wanda aka bambanta da rinjaye na ƙananan ƙananan a cikin timbre, wanda ya dace da yin abubuwan da aka tsara a cikin nau'o'i daban-daban da solo;
• jama'a - sauti ya fi shuru fiye da ban tsoro;
• ovation - wanda aka yi da kayan wucin gadi, wanda ya dace da wasan kwaikwayo;
• zauren taro - ya bambanta a cikin halaye masu kyau na sassan solo.

'Yan wasa masu ƙarfin gwiwa na iya canzawa zuwa guitar kirtani 12. Yana buƙatar koyan takamaiman fasahohin wasa, amma yana da babban sauti mai arziƙi.

Amfani

Electroacoustics kayan aiki ne don amfanin duniya. Ana iya amfani da shi duka lokacin da aka haɗa zuwa cibiyar sadarwar, kuma ba tare da shi ba. Wannan shi ne babban bambanci tsakanin memba na gidan kirtani da guitar lantarki, wanda ba zai yiwu a yi wasa ba tare da haɗa shi da wutar lantarki ba.

Ana iya ganin gitar masu amfani da wutar lantarki a hannun Andrei Makarevich, Boris Grebenshchikov, ɗan wasan gaba na ƙungiyar ChiZh da K band Sergei Chigrakov da Nautilus soloist Vyacheslav Butusov. Manyan taurarin dutsen Kurt Cobain, Ritchie Blackmore, Beatles mara mutuwa sun mallaki su. Jamens da masu wasan kwaikwayo na jama'a sun ƙaunaci kayan aiki, saboda, ba kamar guitar guitar ba, yana ba ku damar motsawa cikin nutsuwa a cikin mataki, ƙirƙirar ba kawai kiɗa ba, har ma da cikakken nuni.