Engelbert Humperdinck (Engelbert Humperdinck) |

Engelbert Humperdinck

Tun yana yaro, ya koyi wasan piano. A 1867 ya rubuta singspiel "Pearl" ("Perla") da "Claudina von Villa Bella" (bayan JW Goethe). Daga 1869 ya rera waka a cikin coci. mawaka in Paderborn. A cikin 1872-76 ya yi karatu a Cologne Conservatory tare da F. Hiller, G. Jensen da F. Gernsheim (jituwa da abun da ke ciki), da kuma tare da I. Zeiss, F. Mertke da F. Weber (piano da gabobin); a 1877-1879 - a cikin Sarkin Munich. makarantar kiɗa tare da J. Reyaberger (maganganun, abun da ke ciki). Ya kuma dauki darussa na sirri daga F. Lachner. A matsayin wanda ya lashe kyautar, Pr. Mendelssohn ya rayu a Italiya (1879, Rome). A cikin 1880-82, mataimakin R. Wagner a Bayreuth Treat (ya shiga cikin shirye-shiryen farko na opera Parsifal). A 1882 ya zauna a Roma, Paris, a 1883 - a Spain, Maroko, ya yi karatun Larabci. kiɗa, a ƙarƙashin rinjayar abin da ya rubuta wani rukunin kade-kade (daga baya aka sake duba shi zuwa Rhapsody na Mauritania). A cikin 1883-85 Kapellmeister na Jihar Cologne. t-ra. A cikin 1887-88 ya haɗu a matsayin mawaƙa. mai suka a jaridar Bonn, daga 1890 a wata jarida a Frankfurt am Main. A 1889-90 ya yi aiki a matsayin madugu. A 1885-87 ya koyar da abun da ke ciki a Barcelona Conservatory, daga 1890 a Frankfurt Conservatory. A cikin 1900-20 Prof. Berlin Higher School of Music (composition). Daga cikin dalibansa akwai K. Weil. Kwalejin kiɗa na Memba na girmamawa "Santa Cecilia" (Rome, 1914).

Humperdinck mabiyin wasan kwaikwayo ne na kida. ka'idojin R. Wagner. Ya yi suna a matsayin marubucin mawaƙa. ballads da wasan kwaikwayo na yara. Wasan opera "Hansel da Gretel" (1890, dangane da tatsuniya na wannan sunan ta Brothers Grimm) ya sami karbuwa ta musamman. R. Strauss, F. Weingartner, G. Mahler da sauransu, sun yi zanga-zanga a Alkahira, Tokyo, biranen Arewa. da Yuzh. Amurka, Austria; a Rasha - karkashin sunan. Vanya dan Masha.

Abubuwan da aka tsara: operas - Hansel da Gretel (1893, National Theater, Weimar), Bakwai Ƙananan Yara (Die sieben GeiYalein, 1895, Berlin, Schiller Theatre, tare da piano.), Royal Children (Königskinder, melodrama, 1897, National t -r, Munich Buga na biyu – opera, 2, tr “Opera Metropolitan”, New York), Kyawun Barci (Dornröschen, 1910, City tr Frankfurt am Main), Aure ba da son rai ( Die Heirat wider Willen, bisa wasan kwaikwayo na A. Dumas son, 1902, City Opera, Berlin), Markitanka (Die Marketenderin, 1905, City Mall, Cologne), Gaudeamus (al'amuran daga rayuwar ɗaliban Jamus, 1914, Jihar t. -r, Darmstadt; pantomime - Miracle (Das Wunder, The Miracle, 1919) , tr. Olympia, London); don mawaƙa, mawaƙa da makaɗa - ballad Pilgrimage to Kevlar (Die Wallfahrt nach Kevelaar, lyrics by G. Heine, 1911, 1878nd edition 2); don mawaƙa tare da ƙungiyar mawaƙa - Ballad Farin Ciki a Aljanna (Das Glck von Edenhall, waƙoƙin L. Uhland, 1886, bugu na biyu 1879), Lokaci Mai Al'ajabi (Die wunderschöne Zeit, kalmomi na G. Humperdi nck, 2), Na rabu da ƙaunataccena a cikin bazara (DaI ich im Lenz vom Lieben scheide, kalmomi da nasa, 1883); za orc. - Tsarin Dionysus (Der Zug des Dionysos, 1875, overture daga kiɗa zuwa wasan kwaikwayon "The Frogs" na Aristophanes), Moorish Rhapsody (Maurische Rhapsodie, 1877), Humoresque (1880); jam'iyya-instr. ensembles - dare don Skr. da fp;. igiyoyi. quartet (1898), sonata don 1880 skr.; fp quintet (1920); don mawaƙa tare da pianoforte - Autumn (Im Herbste, waƙoƙin G. Humperdinck, 4, bugu na 1875 1878); don mawaƙa a cappella – Farewell (Abschied, lyrics by G. Ibsen, 2); don murya da fp. - waƙoƙi a kan L. Uhland na gaba, I. Eichendorff da sauransu; kiɗa don wasan kwaikwayo. t-ra - "The Alcalde of Salamey" na Calderon (1885, City Transport, Cologne), "The Merchant of Venice" (1893, Jamus ciniki, Berlin), "Winter's Tale" (1883, ibid.) Shakespeare, "Lysistrata "Na Aristophanes (1905, Kamerny tr., Berlin), "The Blue Bird" na Maeterlinck (1906, Jamus tr., Berlin).

References: Beseh O., E. Humperdinck, Lpz., 1914; Kienzl W., E. Humperdinck, в его кн.: Hijira na rayuwa, Stuttg., 1926; Humperdinck W., Gabatarwar Tarihi, tare da Humperdinck E., Hansel da Gretel, Textbuch, Stuttg., 1952.

LB Rimsky