Naɗin wasiƙa na sautuna da maɓallai

A cikin kiɗa, akwai tsari guda biyu don zayyana sauti - harafi da syllabic. Kowa ya san zayyana na syllabic, sun saba da kunne - wannan shine DO RE MI FA SOL LA SI. Amma akwai wata hanya - nadi na sauti ta amfani da haruffa na Latin haruffa. Bugu da ƙari, tsarin haruffa don zayyana sautuna ya taso ko da a tarihi tun da farko fiye da na syllabic.

Don haka, bisa ga tsarin haruffa, ana nuna sautin kiɗa ta waɗannan haruffan haruffan Latin: DO - C (ce), RE - D (de), MI - E (e), FA (ef) - F, SALT - G (ge), LA - A (a), SI - H (ha).

Abin sha'awa shine, a lokacin da ake ƙirƙirar tsarin haruffa, ma'aunin kiɗa ya fara da sautin LA, ba tare da sautin DO ba. Shi ya sa, harafin farko na haruffa A yayi daidai da sautin LA, ba TO. Wani fasali na wannan tsohon tsarin shine sautin B-flat a cikin babban ma'auni, ana nuna shi da harafin B. Kuma harafin H an sanya shi zuwa bayanin SI, wanda shine babban mataki na sikelin zamani.

Sharps da filaye bisa ga tsarin haruffa

Matakan da aka ɗaukaka da saukar da su, wato masu kaifi da filaye, ana iya siffanta su a cikin tsarin haruffan sauti. Domin a ce game da kaifi, an ƙara suffix IS (shine) zuwa harafin bayanin kula. Kuma ga ɗakin kwana, wani ƙari shine uXNUMXbuXNUMXbused - ES (es).

Misali, C-SHARP shine CIS (cis), kuma C-FLAT shine CES (ces).

Koyaya, akwai wasu keɓancewa ga waɗannan ƙa'idodin waɗanda kuke buƙatar tunawa. Dukansu suna da alaƙa da zayyana bayanan lebur. Sautin MI-FLAT a cikin tsarin haruffa yana kama da EES, amma a aikace ɗaya, ana rage wasali na tsakiya don haka ana samun ES nadi. Daidai wannan labarin yana faruwa tare da sautin A-flat, a cikin sunan sa AES sautin wasali ɗaya ya ragu kuma sakamakon shine kawai AS.

Kuma wani ƙarin keɓanta ga ƙa'idar an haɗa shi kawai tare da dalilai na tarihi. Sautin B-flat yawanci ana kiransa da B, ba HES ba.

Kaifi biyu da filaye biyu ta tsarin haruffa

Idan ya zo ga raguwa da raguwa sau biyu, wato, alamu masu kaifi biyu da masu kaifi biyu, ka'idar nuna su a cikin tsarin haruffa yana da sauƙi kuma mai ma'ana. Mai kaifi biyu shine kaifi biyu, wanda ke nufin suffixes biyu IS - ISIS, ɗakin kwana guda biyu ne kuma, saboda haka, kari biyu ES - ESES. Bugu da ƙari, ƙa'idar tare da ɗakin kwana biyu kuma ta shafi sautin SI-DOUBLE-FLAT, wanda aka nuna a cikin wannan yanayin bisa ga ka'ida ta gaba ɗaya - HESES.

Don haka, tare da taimakon tsarin haruffa, yana yiwuwa a zayyana ba kawai sauti na asali ba, har ma da ƙwanƙwasa tare da ɗakin kwana, da maɗaukaki biyu da ɗakin kwana. Bari mu taƙaita duk waɗannan hanyoyi na sanarwa a cikin tebur:

Teburin sunayen haruffa na sautuna

Naɗin wasiƙa na maɓalli

A cikin sunan kowane maɓalli - babba ko ƙarami - abubuwa biyu koyaushe ana isar da su: wannan shine babban sautinsa (tonic) da tsarinsa (babba ko ƙarami). Irin wannan tsari koyaushe yana nunawa a cikin tsarin haruffa. An sanya tonic a matsayin sauti na al'ada, tare da sifa ɗaya kawai - don manyan maɓalli, an rubuta tonic tare da babban, babban harafi, da ƙananan maɓalli, akasin haka, tare da ƙananan ƙananan haruffa.

Ana amfani da kalmomi na musamman don nuna yanayin yanayi. Don babba - kalmar DUR, wanda shine taƙaitaccen kalmar Latin DURUS (wanda aka fassara yana nufin "wuya"). Don ƙananan maɓalli, ana amfani da kalmar MOLL, wanda aka fassara daga Latin, wannan kalmar tana nufin "laushi".

Zayyana octaves ta tsarin haruffa

Mai karatu mai lura, watakila, tun daga farko, ya yi mamakin yadda, a cikin tsarin haruffa, za a iya bambanta tsakanin sautin ƙaramar octave da, misali, na biyu, ko na farko da babba. Ya bayyana cewa an tanadar da komai, kuma akwai dokoki don zayyana octave daban-daban a cikin tsarin haruffa. Da yawa ne kawai saboda wasu dalilai suka manta game da su, yayin da wasu ba su ji labarinsa ba. Bari mu gane shi.

Komai anan shine ainihin mai sauqi qwarai. Idan har yanzu ba ku san sunayen duk octaves da kyau ba, to muna ba da shawarar ku karanta Tsarin kayan sauti akan maballin piano, inda aka yi la'akari da wannan batun a cikin ɗan daki-daki.

Don haka dokokin su ne:

1. Ana rubuta sautin babban octave da manyan haruffa.
2. Ana rubuta sautunan ƙaramin octave, akasin haka, a cikin ƙananan haruffa, ƙananan haruffa.
3. Don zayyana sautunan na farko, na biyu, na uku da na sama na octaves, ana amfani da ƙananan haruffa, waɗanda ko dai manyan rubutun da ke da lambar octave ko dashes dake sama da harafin. A wannan yanayin, adadin bugun jini ya dace da lambar octave (bugu ɗaya - octave na farko, bugun jini biyu - na biyu, da sauransu).
4. Don zayyana sautunan counteroctave da subcontroctave, ana amfani da babban haruffa, wato, manyan haruffa, waɗanda aka ƙara ko dai lambobi 1 ko 2 (1 don counteroctave da 2 don subcontroctave) a cikin rubutun, ko kuma dashes- bugun jini, kawai ta halitta daga ƙasa.

A cikin adadi zaku iya ganin misalan sautin LA tare da zane-zanen octave daban-daban. Af, ka'idar octave iri ɗaya tana da tasiri iri ɗaya a cikin tsarin syllabic na zayyana sauti. Saboda haka, za a sami misalai da yawa na nadi lokaci guda.

Abokai na ƙauna, idan har yanzu kuna da tambayoyi game da wannan ko duk wani batu na ka'idar kiɗa, da fatan za a rubuta su a cikin sharhin wannan kayan.

Kuma yanzu, don ingantacciyar darasin, muna ba da shawarar ku kalli bidiyon kan batun kuma ku ba da shawarar ku kammala darussan da za a gabatar a can.