Kayan lantarki: abun da ke ciki na kayan aiki, ka'idar aiki, tarihi, iri, amfani

A cikin 1897, injiniyan Amurka Thaddeus Cahill ya yi aiki a kan aikin kimiyya, yana nazarin ka'idar samar da kiɗa tare da taimakon wutar lantarki. Sakamakon aikinsa shine wani sabon abu mai suna "Telarmonium". Wata babbar na'ura mai maɓallan madannai na gaɓoɓi ta zama farkon sabon kayan aikin madannai na kiɗa na asali. Sun kira ta gabobin lantarki.

Na'urar da ka'idar aiki

Babban fasalin kayan kida shine ikon yin kwaikwayon sautin sashin iska. A tsakiyar na'urar akwai janareta na motsi na musamman. Ana samar da siginar sauti ta wata dabaran sauti da ke kusa da ɗaukar hoto. Fitilar ya dogara da adadin hakora a kan dabaran da sauri. Ƙafafun injin lantarki na aiki tare suna da alhakin amincin tsarin.

Mitar sautin suna da haske sosai, tsabta, don haka, don sake haifar da vibrato ko tsaka-tsakin sautuna, na'urar an sanye ta da wani keɓantaccen na'ura na lantarki tare da haɗin kai mai ƙarfi. Ta hanyar tuƙi na'ura mai juyi, yana fitar da sigina da aka tsara kuma aka yi oda a cikin na'urar lantarki, tana sake fitar da sautin daidai da saurin jujjuyawar na'urar.

Tarihi

Telharmonium na Cahill bai sami babban nasara na kasuwanci ba. Yana da girma da yawa, kuma dole ne a buga shi da hannu huɗu. Shekaru 30 sun wuce, wani Ba'amurke, Lawrence Hammond, ya iya ƙirƙira da gina nasa sashin wutar lantarki. Ya ɗauki madanni na piano a matsayin tushe, ya sabunta shi ta hanya ta musamman. Dangane da nau'in sautin ƙararrawa, sashin wutar lantarki ya zama alama ce ta harmonium da sashin iska. Har yanzu, wasu masu sauraro suna kuskuren kiran kayan kiɗan “lantarki”. Wannan ba daidai ba ne, saboda ana samar da sauti daidai da ƙarfin wutar lantarki.

Na'urar lantarki ta farko ta Hammond da mamaki ta shiga cikin jama'a da sauri. An sayar da kwafi 1400 nan da nan. A yau, ana amfani da nau'o'in iri-iri: coci, studio, concert. A cikin temples na Amurka, sashin wutar lantarki ya bayyana kusan nan da nan bayan fara samar da yawan jama'a. Manyan makada na ƙarni na XNUMX sun yi amfani da ɗakin studio sau da yawa. An tsara matakin wasan kide-kide ta hanyar da za ta baiwa masu yin wasan damar gane kowane nau'in kida a kan mataki. Kuma wannan ba kawai shahararrun ayyukan Bach, Chopin, Rossini ba. Kayan lantarki yana da kyau don kunna dutsen da jazz. An yi amfani da shi a cikin aikin su ta Beatles da Deep Purple.