Egon Wellesz |

Egon Welles

Masanin kida na Austrian kuma mawaki. Likitan Falsafa (1908). Ya yi karatu a Vienna tare da G. Adler (musicology) da K. Fryuling (piano, jituwa) a jami'a, da kuma A. Schoenberg (counterpoint, abun da ke ciki).

A 1911-15 ya koyar da tarihin kiɗa a New Conservatory, daga 1913 - a Jami'ar Vienna (Farfesa tun 1929).

Bayan kama Austria da Nazi Jamus, daga 1938 ya zauna a Ingila. Ya gudanar da aikin koyarwa da kimiyya a Royal College of Music a London, a Cambridge, Oxford (ya jagoranci binciken kidan Byzantine), Jami'o'in Edinburgh, da kuma Jami'ar Princeton (Amurka).

Welles yana daya daga cikin manyan masu bincike na kiɗan Byzantine; wanda ya kafa Cibiyar Kiɗa ta Byzantine a ɗakin karatu na Vienna (1932), ya shiga cikin aikin Cibiyar Nazarin Byzantine a Dumbarton Oaks (Amurka).

Daya daga cikin wadanda suka kafa Monumental edition "Monumenta musicae Byzantinae" ("Monumenta musicae Byzantinae"), da yawa kundin da ya shirya da kansa. A lokaci guda tare da G. Tilyard, ya ƙaddamar da bayanin Rumawa na abin da ake kira. "tsakiyar zamani" kuma ya bayyana ƙa'idodin ƙa'idodin waƙar Byzantine, don haka ya bayyana sabon mataki a cikin Byzantology na kiɗa.

An ba da gudummawa a matsayin marubuci kuma edita zuwa The New Oxford History of Music; ya rubuta taƙaice game da A. Schoenberg, da aka buga labarai da ƙasidu game da sabuwar makarantar Viennese.

A matsayinsa na mawaki, ya ci gaba a ƙarƙashin rinjayar G. Mahler da Schoenberg. An rubuta wasan kwaikwayo da ballets, galibi akan makircin bala'o'in Girka na dā, waɗanda aka shirya a cikin 1920s. a gidajen wasan kwaikwayo na biranen Jamus daban-daban; Daga cikin su akwai "Gimbiya Girnar" (1921), "Alcestis" (1924), "Haɗayar Kamewa" ("Opferung der Gefangenen", 1926), "Barkwanci, Wayo da Fansa" ("Scherz, List und Rache" , na JW Goethe, 1928) da sauransu; ballet - "The Miracle of Diana" ("Das Wunder der Diana", 1924), "Persian Ballet" (1924), "Achilles on Skyros" (1927), da dai sauransu.

Welles - marubuci 5 wasan kwaikwayo (1945-58) da kuma waqoqin nasiha - "Pre-Spring" ("Vorfrühling", 1912), "Maris mai girma" (1929), "Spells of Prospero" ("Prosperos Beschwörungen", bisa "The Tempest" na Shakespeare, 1938), cantata tare da makada, ciki har da "Tsakiya na Rayuwa" ("Mitte des Lebens", 1932); domin mawaka da makada - sake zagayowar a kan kalmomin Rilke "Addu'ar 'yan mata ga Uwar Allah" ("Gebet der Mudchen zur Maria", 1909), concerto don piano tare da makada (1935), 8 kirtani quartets da sauran kayan aikin kayan aiki, kujeru, talakawa, motets, songs.

Abubuwan da aka tsara: Farkon Baroque Musical da Farkon Opera a Vienna, W., 1922; Music Church na Byzantine, Breslau, 1927; Abubuwan Gabas a Waƙar Yamma, Boston, 1947, Cph., 1967; Tarihin kiɗan Byzantine da tarihin waƙoƙi, Oxf., 1949, 1961; Kiɗa na Cocin Byzantine, Cologne, 1959; Sabon Kayan aiki, Vols. 1-2, В., 1928-29; Rubuce-rubucen kan Opera, L., 1950; Asalin tsarin sautin sha biyu na Schönberg, Wash., 1958; Waƙoƙin Cocin Gabas, Basel, 1962.

References: Schollum R., Egon Wellesz, W., 1964.

Yu.V. Keldysh