Concertina: bayanin kayan aiki, abun da ke ciki, tarihi, nau'ikan, yadda ake wasa

Ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya tun lokacin ƙuruciya ta kiyaye adadin ban dariya na ɗan wasa a cikin circus. Daga aljihun kwat din, mai zane ya fitar da harmonicas. Kowannensu ya fi na baya. Abin mamaki ya kasance lokacin da, yayin kallon rikodin wani kide-kide na kiɗan gargajiya na Irish, irin wannan kayan aiki ya bayyana a hannun mawaƙa - ƙaramin harmonica mai kyau.

Menene concertina

Kayan kida na concertina memba ne na dangin harmonica na hannu kuma dangi na sanannen harmonica na Rasha. Mawaƙa suna yin waƙoƙin al'umma masu ban sha'awa a kai. Wani lokaci ana kiran shi concertino, amma wannan ba daidai ba ne, tun da wannan kalma, wanda aka fassara daga Italiyanci, yana nufin wasan kwaikwayo.

Design

A tsari, kayan aikin ya ƙunshi:

1. Rabin harsashi biyu: na dama tare da maɓallan fretboard don jagorantar waƙar da na hagu don rakiyar.
2. Fur chamber (bellows) don ƙirƙirar matsa lamba na iska a cikin kayan aiki.
3. Hannun hannu, wuyan hannu, madaurin kafada da madaukai na babban yatsa.

Ciki na Semi-hulls ya haɗa da:

• tsarin amfani;
• bawul
• resonators;
• sandunan murya.

Abubuwa na ƙarshe na zane na harmonics suna dauke da manyan.

iri

Concertina na cikin kayan kida ne kuma yana wakiltar dangin harmonicas na Turai: concertina na Ingilishi da Jamusanci, bandaneon da accordion.

Dangane da tsarin cire sauti, ana iya bambanta iri uku:

• 30-button Anglo (Anglo) da 20-button Dutch (Yaren mutanen Holland);
• Turanci (Turanci) tare da maɓalli daban-daban;
• duet - symbiosis na nau'i biyu.

Tare da ƙa'idodin haɓakar sauti na gabaɗaya - squeezing da ƙwanƙwasa ƙwanƙwasa - sun bambanta a cikin hanyar da aka haɗa kayan aikin pneumonic reed zuwa hannun mawaƙa.

Tarihi

An dauki Ingila a matsayin wurin haifuwar wannan kayan aiki. Charles Wheatstone ne ya ƙirƙira shi a shekara ta 1827. Maigidan ya fara ƙirƙirar kayan aikin iska mai maɓalli, wanda ya gaji wata ƙaramar harmonica, wadda ya ƙirƙira a 1833. Saboda amfani da azurfa, harmonica yana da tsada.

Shekara guda da ta gabata, a cikin 1832, maigidan Jamus Friedrich Uhlig ya gina filin wasan Jamus (Yaren mutanen Holland). Mai rahusa a farashi, ya zama sananne a Turai.

Bambanci tsakanin su ba kawai a farashin ba ne, har ma a cikin sautin da aka yi. Sautin Ingilishi iri ɗaya ne, sautunan Jamus sun bambanta.

A Rasha, wasan kwaikwayo ya bayyana a cikin XNUMXs a matsayin kayan kida don rakiyar waƙar mawaƙa. Daga baya ya samu karbuwa a tsakanin masu ilimin waka.

Yadda ake buga wasan concertina

Lokacin kunnawa, ana samar da sautuna ta amfani da layuka huɗu na maɓalli akan benaye biyu.

Bayanan kula da aka rubuta akan layin bayanin ana buga su da hannun hagu akan ƙasan bene. Bayanan kula tsakanin layi - tare da hannun dama a saman bene.

Yin wasa da kayan aiki ta cikin bellow yana samun ma'aunin chromatic mai haske.

Shahararrun yan wasan kwaikwayo

Bayan lokaci, jituwa ya fara ɓacewa. Tsananta ya sanya ta zama kayan kida na eccentrics da clowns. Amma Scots da Irish har yanzu suna da aminci a gare shi, wanda, kamar jigon mu, ya zama asalin ƙasa.

Gyroid O Holmherein, Noel Hill da sauransu an san su a cikin shahararrun masu jituwa na Yamma.

Valentin Osipov, virtuoso na yin ayyukan gargajiya a kan kide kide da wake-wake, da ma'aurata Nikolai Bandurin an san su a ƙasarmu a yau.