Charles Lecocq |
Charles Lecocq
Lecoq shine mahaliccin sabon alkibla a cikin operetta na Faransa. Ayyukansa sun bambanta da siffofi na soyayya, masu ban sha'awa masu laushi. operettas na Lecoq suna bin al'adun wasan kwaikwayo na wasan barkwanci na Faransa dangane da nau'ikan fasalinsu, tare da yawan amfani da waƙoƙin jama'a, haɗin kai mai taɓawa tare da rayayyun halaye masu gamsarwa na yau da kullun. Waƙar Lecoq ta shahara saboda kaɗe-kaɗe masu haske, raye-rayen raye-rayen gargajiya, fara'a da ban dariya.
Charles Lecoq An haifi Yuni 3, 1832 a Paris. Ya sami ilimin kiɗan kiɗa a Paris Conservatory, inda ya yi karatu tare da fitattun mawakan - Bazin, Benois da Fromental Halévy. Duk da yake har yanzu a cikin Conservatory, ya fara juya zuwa nau'in operetta: a 1856 ya shiga cikin gasar da Offenbach ya sanar don aikin operetta Doctor Miracle. Ayyukansa sun raba lambar yabo ta farko tare da opus mai suna iri ɗaya ta Georges Bizet, sannan kuma ɗalibi a ɗakunan ajiya. Amma sabanin Bizet, Lecoq ya yanke shawarar sadaukar da kansa gabaɗaya ga operetta. Daya bayan daya, ya halicci "Bayan Rufe Doors" (1859), "Kiss at the Door", "Lilian da Valentine" (duka - 1864), "Ondine daga Champagne" (1866), "Manta-Ni-Ba" ( 1866), "Rampono's Tavern" (1867).
Nasarar farko ta zo ga mawaki a cikin 1868 tare da wasan kwaikwayo na operetta mai suna The Tea Flower, kuma a cikin 1873, lokacin da aka fara wasan operetta 'yar Madame Ango a Brussels, Lecoq ya yi fice a duniya. 'Yar Madame Ango (1872) ta zama babban taron kasa na gaske a Faransa. Jarumar operetta Clerette Ango, wacce ta fara samun lafiya ta kasa, mawaki Ange Pithou, mai rera wakoki game da 'yanci, ta burge Faransanci na jamhuriya ta uku.
Operetta na gaba na Lecoq, Girofle-Girofle (1874), wanda, bisa daidaituwa, kuma aka fara shi a Brussels, a ƙarshe ya ƙarfafa babban matsayi na mawaki a cikin wannan nau'in.
Tsibirin Green, ko Budurwa ɗari da operettas guda biyu da suka biyo baya sun tabbatar da cewa sune manyan abubuwan mamaki a rayuwar wasan kwaikwayo, wanda ya maye gurbin ayyukan Offenbach kuma ya canza ainihin hanyar da operetta na Faransa suka haɓaka. "Duchess na Herolstein da La Belle Helena suna da basira da basira sau goma fiye da 'yar Ango, amma 'yar Ango za ta yi farin ciki da kallon ko da samar da tsohon ba zai yiwu ba, saboda 'yar Ango - 'yar halaltacciyar 'yar tsohuwar wasan opera ta Faransa, na farko su ne 'ya'yan da ba su halatta ba na nau'in ƙarya, "ya rubuta a cikin 1875 daya daga cikin masu sukar.
An makantar da wani babban nasara da ba zato ba tsammani, wanda aka ɗaukaka a matsayin mahaliccin nau'in ƙasa, Lecoq yana haifar da ƙarin operettas, galibi marasa nasara, tare da fasali na fasaha da tambari. Duk da haka, mafi kyawun su har yanzu suna jin daɗin farin ciki mai daɗi, fara'a, waƙoƙi masu ban sha'awa. Wadannan operettas mafi nasara sun hada da masu zuwa: "The Little Bride" (1875), "Pigtails" (1877), "The Little Duke" da "Camargo" (duka - 1878), "Hand and Heart" (1882), "Princess". na Canary Islands" (1883), "Ali Baba" (1887).
Sabbin ayyukan Lecoq sun bayyana har zuwa 1910. A cikin shekaru na ƙarshe na rayuwarsa, ya kasance ba shi da lafiya, mai rauni, mai kwance. Mawaƙin ya mutu, bayan ya tsira daga shahararsa na dogon lokaci, a Paris a ranar 24 ga Oktoba, 1918. Baya ga operettas da yawa, gadonsa ya haɗa da ballets Bluebeard (1898), The Swan (1899), guda don ƙungiyar makaɗa, ƙananan ayyukan piano. , soyayya, mawaka.
L. Mikheva, A. Orelovich
