Alexey Machavariani |
Alexei Machavariani
Machavariani mawaki ne na kasa da ban mamaki. A lokaci guda kuma, yana da kaifi na zamani. … Machavariani yana da ikon cimma haɗin kai na gwanintar kiɗan ƙasa da na waje. K. Karaev
A. Machavariani yana daya daga cikin manyan mawakan Jojiya. Ci gaban fasahar kiɗan na jamhuriya yana da alaƙa da sunan wannan mawaƙin. A cikin aikinsa, an haɗu da girman kai da kyawawan kyawawan halayen jama'a, tsoffin waƙoƙin Jojiya da kaifi, ƙwaƙƙwaran hanyoyin fasahar kiɗan zamani.
An haifi Machavariani a Gori. A nan ne sanannen Gori Teachers Seminary, wanda ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen bunkasa ilimi a Transcaucasia (mawakan U. Gadzhibekov da M. Magomayev sun yi karatu a can). Tun daga ƙuruciya, Machavariani yana kewaye da kiɗan jama'a da kyawawan yanayi. A cikin gidan mahaifin mawaƙin nan gaba, wanda ya jagoranci ƙungiyar mawaƙa mai son, masu hankali na Gori sun taru, waƙoƙin jama'a sun busa.
A 1936, Machavariani ya sauke karatu daga Tbilisi State Conservatory a aji P. Ryazanov, kuma a 1940, ya kammala karatun digiri na biyu karkashin jagorancin wannan fitaccen malami. A shekara ta 1939, Machavariani na farko ya fara aiki na symphonic - waƙar "Oak da sauro" da waka tare da mawaƙa "Gorian Pictures".
Bayan 'yan shekaru, mawaƙin ya rubuta wasan kwaikwayo na piano (1944), wanda D. Shostakovich ya ce game da shi: "Mawallafinsa matashi ne kuma mai basirar makadi. Yana da nasa halayen kirkire-kirkire, salon mawakin nasa. opera Uwar da Ɗan (1945, bisa ga waka na wannan sunan da I. Chavchavadze) ya zama wani martani ga abubuwan da suka faru na Babban Patriotic War. Daga baya, mawaƙin zai rubuta waƙar ballad-Arsen don masu soloists da mawaƙa cappella (1946), Symphony ta Farko (1947) da waƙar makaɗa da mawaƙa Akan Mutuwar Jarumi (1948).
A cikin 1950, Machavariani ya kirkiro wasan kwaikwayo na lyrical-romantic Violin Concerto, wanda tun daga lokacin ya shiga cikin repertoire na Soviet da na kasashen waje.
Majestic oratorio "Ranar Mahaifiyata" (1952) yana raira waƙa na aikin lumana, kyawun ƙasar haihuwa. Wannan zagayowar hotunan kade-kade, wanda ke cike da abubuwa na ban sha'awa nau'in, ya dogara ne akan kayan waƙar jama'a, wanda aka fassara zuwa ruhun soyayya. Madaidaicin cokali mai yatsa mai motsin rai, wani nau'in juzu'i na oratorio, shine salon waka na 1, wanda ake kira "Morning of My Motherland".
Taken kyawawan dabi'a kuma yana kunshe ne a cikin rukunin kayan aikin Machavariani: a cikin wasan kwaikwayo "Khorumi" (1949) da kuma a cikin ballad "Bazalet Lake" (1951) don piano, a cikin miniatures na violin "Doluri", "Lazuri" (1962). "Daya daga cikin mafi ban mamaki ayyukan Georgian music" kira K. Karaev biyar monologues for baritone da makada a kan st. V. Pshavela (1968).
Wani wuri na musamman a cikin aikin Machavariani yana shagaltar da ballet Othello (1957), wanda V. Chabukiani ya shirya a kan mataki na Opera da Ballet Theater na jihar Tbilisi a cikin wannan shekara. A. Khachaturian ya rubuta cewa a cikin "Othello" Machavariani "ya bayyana kansa da cikakken makamai a matsayin mawaki, mai tunani, dan kasa." Wasan kwaikwayo na kida na wannan wasan kwaikwayo na choreographic ya dogara ne akan babban tsarin leitmotifs, waɗanda aka canza ta hanyar alama a cikin tsarin ci gaba. Ƙwaƙwalwar hotunan aikin W. Shakespeare, Machavariani yana magana da harshen kiɗa na ƙasa kuma a lokaci guda ya wuce iyakokin ƙabilanci. Hoton Othello a cikin ballet ya ɗan bambanta da tushen adabi. Machavariani ya kawo shi a kusa da siffar Desdemona - alama ce ta kyakkyawa, manufa ta mace, wanda ya haɗa da halayen manyan haruffa a cikin lyrical da kuma bayyanawa. Mawaƙin kuma yana nufin Shakespeare a cikin opera Hamlet (1974). K. Karaev ya rubuta: “Mutum zai iya hassada irin wannan ƙarfin hali ne kawai dangane da ayyukan ƙwararrun duniya.”
Wani fitaccen al'amari a cikin al'adun kade-kade na jamhuriyar shi ne wasan ballet "The Knight in the Panther's Skin" (1974) dangane da waƙar S. Rustaveli. A. Machavariani ya ce: “Sa’ad da nake aiki a kai, na sami farin ciki na musamman. - "Waƙar Rustaveli mai girma gudunmawa ce mai tsada ga taskar ruhaniya na mutanen Jojiya," kiranmu da tutarmu ", a cikin kalmomin mawaƙa." Yin amfani da hanyoyin zamani na maganganun kida (dabarun serial, haɗin gwiwar polyharmonic, hadaddun tsari na modal), Machavariani asali ya haɗu da dabarun haɓakar sautin murya tare da polyphony na jama'ar Georgian.
A cikin 80s. mawakin yana aiki. Ya rubuta na uku, na hudu ("matasa"), na biyar da na shida, wasan ballet "The Taming of the Shrew", wanda, tare da ballet "Othello" da opera "Hamlet", sun hada da Shakespearean triptych. A nan gaba - Symphony na bakwai, ballet "Pirosmani".
“Mai fasaha na gaskiya koyaushe yana kan hanya. … Ƙirƙirar aiki ne da farin ciki, farin ciki mara misaltuwa na mai fasaha. Mawallafin Soviet mai ban mamaki Alexei Davidovich Machavariani kuma ya mallaki wannan farin ciki "(K. Karaev).
N. Aleksenko
