Boris Petrovych Kravchenko (Boris Kravchenko) |

Boris Kravchenko

Leningrad mawaki na tsakiyar tsara Kravchenko zo da sana'a m aiki a cikin marigayi 50s. Ayyukansa sun bambanta ta hanyar aiwatar da fa'idar raye-rayen jama'a na Rasha, kira ga batutuwan da suka shafi juyin juya hali, zuwa ga jaruntaka da suka gabata na kasarmu. Babban nau'in da mawaƙin ya yi aiki a cikin 'yan shekarun nan shine opera.

Boris Petrovich Kravchenko An haife kan Nuwamba 28, 1929 a Birnin Leningrad a cikin iyali na geodetic injiniya. Saboda ƙayyadaddun sana'ar uba, iyalin sau da yawa ya bar Leningrad na dogon lokaci. Mawaƙin nan gaba a lokacin ƙuruciyarsa ya ziyarci yankunan kurma na yankin Arkhangelsk, Komi ASSR, Arewacin Urals, da Ukraine, Belarus da sauran wurare a cikin Tarayyar Soviet. Tun daga wannan lokacin, tatsuniyoyi, tatsuniyoyi da kuma, ba shakka, waƙoƙi sun shiga cikin ƙwaƙwalwarsa, watakila ba koyaushe ba tukuna. Akwai wasu ra'ayoyi na kiɗa: mahaifiyarsa, dan wasan pian mai kyau, wanda kuma yana da murya mai kyau, ya gabatar da yaron ga kiɗa mai mahimmanci. Tun yana da shekaru hudu ko biyar, ya fara buga piano, yayi ƙoƙari ya tsara kansa. Yayinda yake yaro, Boris yayi karatun piano a makarantar kiɗa na yanki.

Yaƙin ya katse darussan kiɗa na dogon lokaci. A cikin Maris 1942, tare da Hanyar Life, uwa da dansa aka kai zuwa Urals (mahaifin ya yi yaƙi a cikin Baltic). Komawa zuwa Leningrad a 1944, saurayi ya shiga wani jirgin sama fasaha makaranta, da kuma bayan kammala karatu daga gare ta, ya fara aiki a factory. Duk da yake har yanzu a makarantar fasaha, ya sake fara shirya kiɗa da kuma a cikin bazara na 1951 ya zo taron karawa juna sani na mawaƙa a Leningrad Union of Composers. Yanzu ya bayyana ga Kravchenko cewa music - shi ne ainihin sana'a. Ya yi karatu sosai cewa a cikin fall ya iya shiga cikin Musical College, da kuma a 1953, ya samu nasarar kammala karatun shekaru hudu a cikin shekaru biyu (a cikin aji na abun da ke ciki na GI Ustvolskaya), ya shiga Leningrad Conservatory. . A Faculty of Composition, ya yi karatu a cikin azuzuwan abubuwan da Yu. A. Balkashin da Farfesa BA Arapov.

Bayan kammala karatu daga Conservatory a shekarar 1958, Kravchenko ya sadaukar da kansa gaba ɗaya zuwa composing. Ko a cikin shekarun karatunsa, an ƙaddara iyakar abubuwan da ya ke so. Matashin mawakin ya ƙware nau'ikan wasan kwaikwayo da nau'ikan wasan kwaikwayo daban-daban. Yana aiki akan ƙananan yara, kiɗa don wasan kwaikwayo, wasan opera, kiɗa don wasan kwaikwayo masu ban mamaki. Hankalinsa yana jawo hankalin ƙungiyar mawaƙa na kayan aikin gargajiya na Rasha, wanda ya zama ainihin dakin gwaje-gwaje na ƙirƙira ga mawaƙa.

Maimaita kuma ba da gangan ba, mai yin waƙar ya yi kira ga operetta. Ya kirkiro aikinsa na farko a cikin wannan nau'in - "Sau ɗaya a Farin Dare" - a cikin 1962. A 1964, wasan kwaikwayo na kida "Cutar yarinya" nasa ne; a cikin 1973 Kravchenko ya rubuta operetta The Adventures of Ignat, wani Sojan Rasha;

Daga cikin ayyukan sauran nau'o'in akwai operas Cruelty (1967), Lieutenant Schmidt (1971), wasan opera na yara mai ban dariya Ay Da Balda (1972), Frescoes na Rasha don mawaƙa marasa rahusa (1965), oratorio The Oktoba Wind (1966), soyayya, guda. don piano.

L. Mikheva, A. Orelovich