Tullio Serafin |

Tullio Serafin

Wani zamani kuma abokin aiki na Arturo Toscanini, Tullio Serafin babban sarki ne na masu jagorancin Italiyanci na zamani. Ayyukansa masu amfani sun shafi fiye da rabin karni kuma ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen bunkasa fasahar kiɗan Italiya. Serafin da farko opera madugu ne. Wanda ya kammala karatun digiri na Conservatory na Milan, ya rungumi tsoffin al'adun makarantar opera ta kasa tare da al'adun gargajiya na kyawawan halaye da kuma hanyoyin soyayya, waɗanda aka bayyana a fili a cikin kiɗan karni na 1900. Bayan kammala karatunsa, Serafin ya buga violin a cikin ƙungiyar makaɗar wasan kwaikwayo kuma ya zagaya da ƙungiyar zuwa ƙasashe daban-daban. Sa'an nan kuma ya koma cikin Conservatory, inda ya yi nazarin abun da ke ciki da kuma gudanar, da kuma a cikin XNUMX ya fara halarta a karon a gidan wasan kwaikwayo a Ferrara, gudanar Donizetti ta L'elisir d'amore.

Tun daga nan, shahararren matashin jagoran matashi ya fara girma da sauri. Tuni a farkon karni ya yi a cikin gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Venice, Palermo, Florence da Turin; A karshen ya yi aiki na dindindin a 1903-1906. Bayan haka, Serafin ya jagoranci kide-kide na Orchestra na Augusteo a Roma, gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Dal Verme a Milan, kuma a cikin 1909 ya zama babban darektan La Scala, wanda ya kasance da alaka da shi shekaru da yawa kuma ya ba da yawa. na ƙarfi da hazaka. A nan ya lashe shahara ba kawai a cikin gargajiya Italiyanci repertoire, amma kuma a matsayin mai kyau fassara na operas na Wagner, Gluck, Weber.

Shekaru masu zuwa shine lokacin mafi girman furanni na iyawar Serafin, shekarun da ya yi nasara a duniya, yawon shakatawa a yawancin gidajen wasan kwaikwayo a Turai da Amurka. Tsawon shekaru goma yana daya daga cikin jagororin gudanarwa na Opera na Metropolitan, kuma a mahaifarsa ya jagoranci gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Roman Communale da na Florentine Musical May.

Shahararren aikinsa na kiɗan opera na Italiya, Serafin bai taɓa taƙaita waƙarsa zuwa ƙunƙuntaccen da'irar zaɓaɓɓun zane-zane ba. A gida da waje, ya ci gaba da ciyar da ayyukan mutanen zamaninsa gaba, tare da yin kyawawan ayyukan mawaka daga kasashe daban-daban. Don haka, yawancin wasan kwaikwayo na Italiyanci na karni na XNUMX sun fara ganin hasken haske a London, Paris, Buenos Aires, Madrid, New York godiya ga wannan mawaki. Wozzeck ta Berg da The Nightingale ta Stravinsky, Ariana da Bluebeard na Duke da Peter Grimes na Britten, The Knight na Roses, Salome, Ba tare da Wuta ta R. Strauss, Maid na Pskov. The Golden Cockerel, Sadko na Rimsky-Korsakov - duk wadannan operas aka fara shirya a Italiya ta Serafin. Yawancin wasan kwaikwayo na Rimsky-Korsakov an fara yin su ne a Amurka a ƙarƙashin jagorancin Serafina, da de Falla's "Life is Short", Mussorgsky's "Sorrcina Fair", "Turandot" na Puccini da "La Gioconda" na Ponchielli.

Serafin bai bar ayyukan fasaha mai aiki ba har sai da ya tsufa sosai. A cikin 1946, ya sake zama darektan fasaha na gidan wasan kwaikwayo na La Scala da aka farfado, a cikin shekaru hamsin ya yi balaguro mai yawa, inda ya gudanar da kide-kide da wasan kwaikwayo a Turai da Amurka, kuma a cikin 1958 ya yi wasan opera na Rossini The Virgin Lakes. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, Serafin ya kasance mai ba da shawara ga Opera na Rome.

Wani masanin fasaha mai zurfi, wanda ya yi aiki tare da manyan mawaƙa na zamaninmu, Serafin ya ba da gudummawa tare da shawarwarinsa da kuma taimakawa wajen inganta yawan mawaƙa masu basira, ciki har da M. Kalas da A. Stella.

L. Grigoriev, J. Platek