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Sautin sauti yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan halayen kiɗan. sauti. Ma'anar V. z. hade da canja wurin wakilcin sararin samaniya zuwa kiɗa. V. h. ya zama wani nau'i na tsinkayen ɗan adam game da mitar girgiza jikin mai sauti kuma yana dogara kai tsaye da shi - mafi girman mita, ƙarar sauti, kuma akasin haka. fahimtar V. h. ya dogara da siffofin ilimin lissafi na sashin ji. Don bayyananniyar fahimtar sauti, dole ne sautin ya kasance yana da madaidaicin bakan ko kuma bakan kusa da shi (dole ne a kasance da sautin sauti tare da abin da ake kira sikelin yanayi) da ƙaramar ƙarar amo; in babu jituwa (a cikin sautin xylophone, karrarawa, da sauransu) ko tare da bakan amo ( ganguna, tam-tam, da sauransu) V. z. ya zama ƙasa da sarari ko ba a gane shi kwata-kwata. Sautin ya kamata ya zama tsayi sosai - a cikin rajista na tsakiya, alal misali, ba ya gajarta fiye da 0,015 seconds. Akan fahimtar V. h. ƙarar sautin, kasancewar ko rashin vibrato, harin sautin (wani nau'i na canje-canje masu ƙarfi a farkon sautin), da sauran abubuwan kuma suna tasiri. A cikin kiɗan Masanan ilimin halayyar ɗan adam sun lura da nau'i biyu na tsinkayen tsayin sauti: tazara, hade da rabon mitoci na sautuna, da timbre, wanda ke da alaƙa da yanayin canjin launi na sauti - haskakawa lokacin haɓakawa da duhu lokacin raguwa. Ana ganin ɓangaren tazara a cikin kewayon daga 16 Hz (C2) zuwa 4000-4500 Hz (kimanin c5 - d5), ɓangaren timbre - daga 16 Hz zuwa 18-000 Hz. Bayan ƙananan iyaka shine yankin infrasounds, inda kunnen ɗan adam ba ya jin motsin motsi kamar sauti kwata-kwata. Mahimmancin ji zuwa ƙananan canje-canje a cikin V. z., wanda aka kwatanta da ƙofa don rarrabe V. z., ya fi girma a cikin ƙananan ƙananan - 19rd octave; a cikin matsananciyar rajista, jin daɗin farar yana raguwa. Bisa ga peculiarities na fahimtar V. h. Akwai nau'ikan jin sauti da yawa (duba. Ji na kiɗa): cikakke (ciki har da tonal), dangi, ko tazara, da sauti. Kamar yadda bincike ya nuna mujiya. music acoustics NA Garbuzov, farar ji yana da wani yanki yanayi (duba Zone).

A cikin waƙar V. ta yi h. ana nuna shi ta hanyar kiɗa, haruffa da alamun lambobi (duba Harafin Kiɗa), a cikin sautin murya ana auna shi a cikin hertz (yawan girgiza a cikin daƙiƙa); a matsayin mafi ƙarancin ma'auni V. z. ana amfani da cent (kashi dari na wani yanayi mai zafi).

References: Garbuzov HA, Yanayin yanki na sauraron sauti, M.-L., 1948; Ƙauyen kiɗa, Uch. alawus karkashin ed. NA Garbuzova, M., 1954. Duba kuma lit. a st. Acoustics na kiɗa ne.

EV Nazaikinsky