Mawakan Philharmonic na Rediyo Faransa (Orchestre philharmonique de Radio France) |

Rediyon Faransa Philharmonic Orchestra

Mawakan Philharmonic na Rediyo Faransa na ɗaya daga cikin manyan makaɗa a Faransa. An kafa shi a cikin 1937 a matsayin Mawakan Rediyon Symphony (Orchestre Radio-Symphonique) ban da Ƙungiyar Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Watsa Labarun Faransanci, wanda aka ƙirƙira shekaru uku a baya. Babban shugaba na farko na ƙungiyar makaɗa shine Rene-Baton (René Emmanuel Baton), wanda Henri Tomasi, Albert Wolff da Eugene Bigot suka yi aiki akai-akai. Eugène Bigot ne ya jagoranci ƙungiyar makaɗa daga 1940 (a hukumance daga 1947) zuwa 1965.

A lokacin yakin duniya na biyu, an kori mawaƙa sau biyu (a Rennes da Marseille), amma ko da yaushe ya koma Paris.

A cikin shekarun baya-bayan nan, waƙar ƙungiyar ta ƙaru sosai, kuma ikonta a duniyar kiɗan ya girma sosai. Wani muhimmin ci gaba a tarihin ƙungiyar mawaƙa shi ne wasan kwaikwayo na tunawa da Richard Strauss jim kaɗan bayan mutuwar mawakin a shekara ta 1949. Fitattun mawaƙa sun tsaya a dandalin ƙungiyar mawaƙa: Roger Desormier, Andre Cluytens, Charles Bruck, Louis de Froment, Paul Pare. , Josef Krips, shahararren mawaki Heitor Vila-Lobos.

A cikin 1960, ƙungiyar mawaƙa ta sami sunan ƙungiyar mawaƙa ta Philharmonic na Watsa shirye-shiryen Faransa kuma Maris 26, 1960 ta ba da kide-kide na farko a ƙarƙashin sabon suna ƙarƙashin sandar Jean Martinon. Tun daga 1964 - Mawakan Philharmonic na Rediyo da Talabijin na Faransa. A cikin 1962, an fara rangadin farko na ƙungiyar makaɗa a Jamus.

A shekarar 1965, bayan mutuwar Eugène Bigot, Charles Bruck ya zama shugaban kungiyar kade-kade ta Philharmonic. Har zuwa 1975, ƙungiyar makaɗa ta yi wasan farko na duniya 228, gami da. mawakan zamani. Daga cikinsu akwai ayyukan Henri Barraud (Numance, 1953), Andre Jolivet (Gaskiyar Jeanne, 1956), Henri Tomasi (Concerto for Bassoon, 1958), Witold Lutosławski (Jana'izar Music, 1960), Darius Milhaud (Invocation à l' ange Raphaël, 1962), Janis Xenakis (Nomos gamma, 1974) da sauransu.

A ranar 1 ga Janairu, 1976, aka haifi Sabuwar Mawakan Philharmonic na Rediyo Faransa (NOP), tare da hada mawakan makada na Lyric Orchestra na Rediyo, Rukunin Orchestra na Rediyo da tsohuwar kungiyar kade-kade ta Philharmonic Rediyo da Talabijin na Faransa. Manufar irin wannan sauyi ya kasance na fitaccen mawaƙin zamani Pierre Boulez. Sabuwar ƙungiyar makaɗa da aka ƙirƙira ta zama ƙungiyar sabon nau'in, sabanin ƙungiyoyin kaɗe-kaɗe na yau da kullun, suna canzawa zuwa kowane nau'i kuma suna yin kida iri-iri.

Daraktan fasaha na farko na ƙungiyar makaɗa shine mawaki Gilbert Amy. A karkashin jagorancinsa, an aza harsashi na manufofin repertory na ƙungiyar makaɗa, inda aka fi mai da hankali ga ayyukan mawaƙa na ƙarni na XNUMX fiye da sauran ƙungiyoyin wasan kwaikwayo. Mawakan sun yi maki da yawa na zamani (John Adams, George Benjamin, Luciano Berio, Sofia Gubaidulina, Edison Denisov, Franco Donatoni, Pascal Dusapin, André Jolivet, Yannis Xenakis, Magnus Lindberg, Witold Lutoslawski, Philippe Manoury, Bruno Maderna, Olivier Messiaen, Milhaud , Tristan Murel, Goffredo Petrassi, Cristobal Halffter, Hans-Werner Heinze, Peter Eötvös da sauransu).

A cikin 1981, Emmanuel Crivin da Hubert Sudan sun zama baƙon jagora na ƙungiyar makaɗa. A cikin 1984, Marek Janowski ya zama Babban Jagoran Baƙo.

A cikin 1989 Sabon Philharmonic ya zama Mawakan Philharmonic na Rediyo Faransa kuma an tabbatar da Marek Janowski a matsayin Daraktan Fasaha. Karkashin jagorancinsa, wakokin kungiyar da yanayin tafiye-tafiyenta suna fadada sosai. A cikin 1992, Salle Pleyel ya zama wurin zama na ƙungiyar makaɗa.

Waƙoƙin Opera sun mamaye wuri mai mahimmanci a cikin waƙoƙin ƙungiyar makaɗa. Ƙungiyar ta shiga cikin wasan kwaikwayo na Wagner's Der Ring des Nibelungen tetralogy, operas Three Pintos na Weber-Mahler, Helena na Misira (Faransa na farko) da Daphne ta Strauss, Hindemith's Cardillac, Fierabras da Shedan's Castle Schubert (zuwa bikin cika shekaru 200 na Shedan Haihuwar mawaki), Otello na Verdi da ’Yan’uwa Uku na Peter Eötvös, Tannhäuser na Wagner, Carmen Bizet.

A cikin 1996, darekta na yanzu Myung Wun Chung ya fara fitowa tare da ƙungiyar makaɗa, yana gudanar da Stabat Mater na Rossini. Shekaru biyu bayan haka, Evgeny Svetlanov ya yi bikin cika shekaru 70 da haihuwa tare da haɗin gwiwa tare da ƙungiyar makaɗa (ya rubuta waƙar Sergei Lyapunov Symphony No. 2 tare da ƙungiyar makaɗa).

A cikin 1999, ƙungiyar makaɗa a ƙarƙashin jagorancin Marek Janowski ta fara rangadin Latin Amurka.

A ranar 1 ga Mayu, 2000, Myung Wun Chung ya maye gurbin Marek Janowski a matsayin darektan kiɗa kuma babban jagora ta hanyar Myung Wun Chung, wanda a baya ya riƙe irin wannan matsayi a Opera na Paris. Karkashin jagorancinsa, kungiyar makada har yanzu tana yawon shakatawa sosai a kasashen Turai, Asiya da Amurka, suna hada kai da fitattun ’yan wasa da lakabin rikodi, suna aiwatar da ayyuka masu ban sha'awa ga matasa, kuma suna mai da hankali kan kade-kaden mawallafa na zamani.

A cikin 2004-2005, Myung Wun Chung ya yi cikakken zagayowar kade-kaden Mahler. Yakub Hruza ya zama mataimakin shugaban madugu. A cikin 2005 Gustav Mahler's "Symphony of 1000 Mahalarta" (Lamba 8) da aka yi a Saint-Denis, Vienna da Budapest tare da sa hannu na Faransa Choir Rediyo. Pierre Boulez yana wasa tare da ƙungiyar makaɗa a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Châtelet, da Valery Gergiev a Théâtre des Champs Elysées.

A watan Yunin shekarar 2006, kungiyar kade-kade ta Philharmonic ta Rediyon Faransa ta fara halarta a birnin Moscow a bikin Farko na Mawakan Symphony na Duniya. A cikin Satumba 2006, ƙungiyar makaɗa ta koma wurin zama, Salle Pleyel, wanda aka sake gina shi tun lokacin 2002-2003, kuma ya gudanar da jerin kide-kide na Ravel-Paris-Pleyel. Ana watsa duk kide kide na makada daga Salle Pleyel akan tashoshin rediyo na Faransanci da Turai. A wannan shekarar ne madugun 'yan wasan Isra'ila Eliyahu Inbal ya yi bikin cika shekaru 70 da haihuwa a kungiyar makada.

A watan Yuni 2007 kungiyar makada ba da wani kide-kide don tunawa Mstislav Rostropovich. An nada tawagar jakadan UNICEF. A watan Satumba na shekara ta 2007, an gudanar da muhimman abubuwan da aka sadaukar don bikin cika shekaru 70 na ƙungiyar makaɗa. A shekara ta 2008, Myung Wun Chung da ƙungiyar mawaƙa ta Philharmonic Rediyo Faransa sun gudanar da kide-kide na tunawa da yawa da aka sadaukar don bikin cika shekaru 100 na haifuwar Olivier Messiaen.

Ƙungiyar mawaƙa ta yi a cikin manyan dakunan da suka fi daraja a duniya: Royal Albert Hall da Royal Festival Hall a London, Musikverein da Konzerthaus a Vienna, Festspielhaus a Salzburg, Bruckner House a Linz, Philharmonic da Schauspielhaus a Berlin, Gewandhaus a Leipzig, Suntory Hall. Tokyo, Teatro Colon a Buenos Aires.

A cikin shekaru da yawa, irin su Kirill Kondrashin, Ferdinand Leitner, Charles Mackeras, Yuri Temirkanov, Mark Minkowski, Ton Koopman, Leonard Slatkin, Neville Marriner, Jukka-Pekka Saraste, Esa-Pekka Salonen, Gustavo Dudamel, Paavo Järvi sun gudanar da taron. . Fitaccen ɗan wasan violin David Oistrakh ya yi kuma ya yi rikodin tare da ƙungiyar makaɗa a matsayin soloist da jagora.

Ƙungiyar tana da zane mai ban sha'awa, musamman na mawaƙa na karni na 1993 (Gilbert Amy, Bela Bartok, Leonard Bernstein, Benjamin Britten, Arnold Schoenberg, Luigi Dallapiccola, Franco Donatoni, Paul Dukas, Henri Dutilleux, Witold Lutoslawsky, Olivierrry Messiaenco, Thierry Perienco, Thierry Messiaenco. , Albert Roussel, Igor Stravinsky, Alexander Tansman, Florent Schmitt, Hans Eisler da sauransu). Bayan fitar da bayanai da yawa, musamman, edition na Faransa na Richard Strauss 'Hellena Misira (1994) da Paul Hindemith's Cardillac (1996), masu sukar sun sanya wa gungu suna "Mawakan Symphony na Faransa na Shekara". Rikodin na Witold Lutosławski Concerto for Orchestra da Olivier Messiaen na Turangaila Symphony sun sami yabo musamman daga 'yan jarida. Bugu da kari, aikin gamayyar a fagen yin rikodi ya samu karbuwa sosai daga Jami’ar Charles Cros da Cibiyar Nazarin Fasfo ta Faransa, wacce a shekarar 1991 ta ba wa kungiyar kade-kade da babbar kyauta don buga dukkan wasannin kade-kade na Albert Roussel (BMG). Wannan ƙwarewar ilimin tarihin ba shine na farko a cikin aikin gama kai ba: a lokacin 1992-XNUMX, ya rubuta cikakkun labaran Anton Bruckner a Opera de Bastille. Kungiyar mawakan ta kuma yi rikodin kundin kide-kide na piano guda biyar na Ludwig van Beethoven (Soloist Francois-Frederic Guy, shugaba Philippe Jordan).

Sabbin ayyukan ƙungiyar mawaƙa sun haɗa da CD mai arias daga operas ta Gounod da Massenet, wanda aka yi rikodin tare da Rolando Villazon (mai gudanarwa Evelino Pido) da Stravinsky's Ballets Russes tare da Paavo Järvi na Budurwa Classics. A shekara ta 2010, an sake yin rikodin wasan opera na Georges Bizet "Carmen", wanda aka yi a Decca Classics, tare da halartar ƙungiyar makaɗa (shugaban Myung Wun Chung, tare da Andrea Bocelli, Marina Domashenko, Eva Mei, Bryn Terfel).

Ƙungiyar mawaƙa abokin tarayya ne na Gidan Talabijin na Faransa da Arte-LiveWeb.

A kakar wasa ta 2009-2010, kungiyar makada ta zagaya biranen Amurka (Chicago, San Francisco, Los Angeles), ta yi wasan baje kolin duniya a Shanghai, da kuma biranen Austria, Prague, Bucharest, Abu Dhabi.

Source: Gidan yanar gizon Philharmonic na Moscow Hoto: Christophe Abramowitz