Kalanda na kiɗa - Nuwamba

Watan ƙarshe na kaka, mai harbinger na hunturu, Nuwamba ya bayyana wa duniya mawaƙa masu ban mamaki da yawa: ƙwararrun mawaƙa, ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararru, da malamai. Wannan watan bai tsira daga manyan fitattun fina-finai ba wanda ya sa mutane suna magana game da kansu tsawon shekaru da yawa har ma da ƙarni.

Kiɗansu madawwama ce

Mashahurin "ƙaramin" wanda aka haifa a ranar 10 ga Nuwamba, 1668, shine Francois Couperin. Wakilin wani sanannen daular mawaƙa, ya sanya sunan ya shahara. Salon garaya nasa na musamman yana burgewa da gyare-gyare, alheri da gyare-gyare. Rondo da bambance-bambancensa tabbas za a haɗa su a cikin repertoire na manyan ƴan wasan kwaikwayo.

Ranar 12 ga watan Nuwamba, 1833, ya bayyana ga duniya wani fitaccen mutum, ƙwararren mawaki, ƙwararren masanin kimiyya, malami, Alexander Borodin. A cikin aikinsa, duka iyawar jarumtaka da waƙar waƙa suna da alaƙa da juna. Sha'awarsa ga kimiyya da kiɗa ya jawo hankali kuma ya taru a kusa da mawaki da yawa mutane masu ban mamaki: mawaƙa, masana kimiyya, marubuta.

F. Couperin - "Shingaye masu ban mamaki" - yanki don garaya

Ranar 16 ga Nuwamba, 1895, an haifi Paul Hindemith, wani al'ada na karni na XNUMX, na duniya ba kawai a cikin tsarawa ba, har ma a cikin fasahar kiɗa a gaba ɗaya. Theorist, mawaki, malami, violist, mawaƙi (mawallafin mafi yawan rubutun don abubuwan da ya halitta) - ya gudanar da kusan dukkanin nau'o'in kiɗa a cikin aikinsa, ba tare da manta da yara ba. Ya rubuta solos don kusan kowane kayan aiki a cikin ƙungiyar makaɗa. Masu zamani sun shaida cewa mawaƙin na iya taka kowane bangare a cikin ayyukan da ya rubuta. Hindemith ya kasance babban ƙwararren gwaji a fagen haɗa nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau`ikan nau`ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau`ikan nau'ikan nau`ikan)" da "Hindemith".

Ranar 18 ga Nuwamba, 1786, an haifi mai tsara wasan opera na Jamus, Carl Maria von Weber. An haife shi a cikin dangin opera bandmaster, yaron ya shanye duk dabarar wannan nau'in tun yana yaro, ya buga kida da yawa, kuma yana sha'awar zane. Lokacin girma, saurayin ya yi aiki a manyan gidajen wasan opera da yawa. Shi ne ya ba da shawarar sabon ka'ida don sanya ƙungiyar mawaƙa ta opera - ta ƙungiyoyin kayan kida. Ba koyaushe ya shiga cikin dukkan matakan shirye-shiryen wasan kwaikwayon ba. Ya gudanar da garambawul a tsari, ya canza manufofin repertoire, shirya wasan opera na Jamus da Faransa maimakon ayyukan Italiyanci masu yawa. Sakamakon aikinsa na sake fasalin shine haihuwar opera "Magic Shooter".

Ranar 25 ga Nuwamba, 1856, a Vladimir, wani yaro ya bayyana a cikin iyali mai daraja, wanda daga baya ya zama sanannen masanin kida da mawaki, Sergei Taneyev. Ƙaunataccen ɗalibi da abokin PI Tchaikovsky, Taneyev yayi aiki tuƙuru a kan iliminsa, duka a Rasha da ƙasashen waje. Hakazalika, ya kasance mawaƙi ne kuma malami, yana ba da lokaci mai yawa ga koyar da kida da ka'ida na ɗalibansa. Ya kawo dukan galaxy na celebrities, ciki har da Sergei Rachmaninov, Reinhold Gliere, Nikolai Medtner, Alexander Scriabin.

A ƙarshen watan, a ranar 28 ga Nuwamba, 1829, duniya ta ga mai tsara rayuwar kiɗa a nan gaba a Rasha, mawaki wanda ya ƙirƙira ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun pianist, Anton Rubinstein. An zana hotunansa da mafi kyawun masu fasaha na Rasha: Repin, Vrubel, Perov, Kramskoy. Mawaka sun sadaukar da wakoki gare shi. Sunan mahaifi na Rubinstein yana samuwa a yawancin wasiƙu na zamani. Ya ba da kide-kide a matsayin madugu da pianist a duk faɗin Turai, Amurka, sannan kuma ya ƙaddamar da buɗe cibiyar Conservatory na St. Petersburg na farko a Rasha, wanda shi da kansa ya jagoranta.

Suna zuga zuriya

Nuwamba 14, 1924 aka haife mafi girma violin virtuoso, "Paganini na XX karni" Leonid Kogan. Iyalinsa ba su da kida, amma ko da ya kai shekaru 3 yaron bai yi barci ba idan violin nasa ba ya kwanta a kan matashin kai. A matsayin matashi mai shekaru 13, ya sanya Moscow magana game da kansa. A kan asusunsa - nasara a cikin manyan gasa a duniya. A. Khachaturian ya lura da gagarumin iya aiki na mawaƙa, da sha'awar yin mafi wuya violin sassa. Kuma 24 caprices na Paganini, virtuoso yi da Kogan, farin ciki har ma da m farfesa na Moscow Conservatory.

Ranar 15 ga Nuwamba, 1806, a Elisavetgrad (Kirovograd na zamani), an haifi mawaƙin opera, wanda ya zama ɗan wasan kwaikwayo na farko na ɓangaren Ivan Susanin a cikin shahararren opera na M. Glinka, Osip Petrov. Ilimin kiɗan yaron ya fara ne a cikin mawakan coci. Ikklesiya ta sami ɗan taɓa shi da rawar murya mai ƙarfi, wanda daga baya ya zama bass mai kauri. Kawun, wanda ya reno wani matashi mai shekaru 14, ya tsoma baki cikin darussan kiɗa. Amma duk da haka basirar yaron ba ta kasance a cikin inuwa ba. Mussorgsky ya kira Petrov wani titan wanda ya dauki dukkan rawar da ya taka a wasan opera na Rasha a kafadunsa.

A Nuwamba 1925, 15 ga duniya mafi girma ballerina, marubuci, actress, choreographer Maya Plisetskaya. Rayuwarta ba ta da sauƙi: iyayenta sun fada ƙarƙashin ƙaƙƙarfan tsarkakewa na 37. Yarinyar ta cece ta daga gidan marayu ta wurin ƙanwarta, Shulamith Messerer, yar ballerina. Abokan aikinta ya ƙayyade sana'ar yaron nan gaba. A yawon shakatawa, Maya Plisetskaya ya zagaya ko'ina cikin duniya. Kuma ita Odile da Carmen sun kasance ba a ƙetare su ya zuwa yanzu.

Farko mai ƙarfi

Nuwamba 3, 1888 Rimsky-Korsakov's "Scheherazade" da aka yi a 1st Rasha Concert a Majalisar Nobility (Petersburg). Mawallafin ya gudanar. An rubuta fantasy mai ban sha'awa a cikin rikodin lokaci, kadan fiye da wata ɗaya, kodayake mawaki ya yarda da abokai cewa da farko aikin ya kasance a hankali.

Shekaru goma bayan haka, a ranar 10 ga Nuwamba, 18 ga Nuwamba, Rimsky-Korsakov opera Mozart da Salieri daya gabatar a kan mataki na Moscow Private Opera. Babban Fyodor Chaliapin ne ya yi bangaren Salieri. Mawaƙin ya sadaukar da aikin don tunawa da A. Dargomyzhsky.

Ranar 22 ga Nuwamba, 1928, an yi "Bolero" na M. Ravel a Paris. Nasarar ta yi yawa. Duk da shakkun mawaƙin da kansa da abokansa, wannan kiɗan ya burge masu sauraro kuma ya zama ɗaya daga cikin manyan abubuwan mamaki na karni na XNUMX.

Wasu karin hujjoji

• An haifi Adolf Sax a ranar 6 ga Nuwamba, 1911, wanda ya shahara wajen kirkirar saxophone.
• Ranar 12 ga Nuwamba, 1906, babban dan wasan Enrico Caruso ya kammala aikin rikodin, wanda ya sayar da fiye da miliyan 1.
• Ranar 21 ga Nuwamba, 1877, mai ƙirƙira Thomas Edison ya nuna na'urar farko don yin rikodi da kunna sauti - phonograph.

Leonid Kogan yana taka rawar Paganini "Cantabile"

Mawallafi - Victoria Denisova