Darasi na 4
Contents
Ɗaya daga cikin mafi hadaddun ra'ayoyi a ka'idar kiɗa shine polyphony na kiɗa. Duk da haka, wannan kuma yana daya daga cikin mafi mahimmancin nau'o'in, ba tare da wanda ba zai yiwu ba don fahimtar kiɗan mawaƙa, ko yin waƙa mai ban sha'awa mai ban sha'awa na waƙar waƙa mai ban sha'awa tare da cikakkun kayan kiɗa na kiɗa, ko ma yin rikodi da haɗuwa da waƙa mai sauƙi, inda. , ban da murya, guitar, bass da sautin ganguna.
Don haka bari mu fara.
Tsarin aiki a bayyane yake, don haka bari mu fara aiki!
Ma'anar polyphony
Kalmar "polyphony" An samo shi daga kalmar Latin polyphonia, inda poly na nufin "da yawa" kuma phonia ke fassara a matsayin "sauti". Polyphony yana nufin ƙa'idar ƙara sautuna (muryoyi da karin waƙa) bisa tushen daidaiton aiki.
Wannan shine abin da ake kira polyphony, watau sautunan lokaci ɗaya na karin waƙa biyu ko fiye da / ko muryoyi. Polyphony yana nuna haɗin jituwa na muryoyin masu zaman kansu da yawa da / ko karin waƙa a cikin yanki ɗaya na kiɗa.
Bugu da kari, ana koyar da horo na wannan sunan "Polyphony" a cibiyoyin ilimi na kiɗa a cikin ikon tunani da sassan fasaha da kiɗa na mawaki.
Kalmar waje polyphonia a cikin Rashanci ba ta sami sauye-sauye masu mahimmanci ba, sai dai a rubuce a cikin Cyrillic maimakon Latin. Kuma, da alama, yana yin biyayya ga ƙa’idar “kamar yadda aka ji, haka kuma an rubuta.” Nuance shi ne cewa wannan kalma tana jin daban ta kowa da kowa, kuma an sanya damuwa daban-daban.
Don haka, a cikin "Dictionary of the Church Slavonic and Russian Language", wanda Cibiyar Kimiyya ta Imperial ta buga a 1847, an wajabta don jaddada na biyu "o" a cikin kalmar "polyphony" da na biyu "da" a cikin kalmar. “Polyphonic” [Kamus, V.3, 1847]. Ga yadda abin yake shafi a cikin wannan edition:
Tun daga tsakiyar karni na 20 zuwa yau, bambance-bambancen damuwa guda biyu sun kasance cikin lumana a cikin harshen Rashanci: a kan "o" na ƙarshe da kuma harafin na biyu "i". Saboda haka, a cikin "Great Soviet Encyclopedia" an ba da shawarar sanya girmamawa a kan na karshe "o" [V. Fraenov, 2004]. nan hoton shafin TSB:
A cikin ƙamus na Bayani, wanda masanin ilimin harshe Sergei Kuznetsov ya tsara, a cikin kalmar "polyphony" harafin na biyu "i" an rage shi [S. Kuznetsov, 2000. A cikin kalmar "polyphonic" an ba da fifiko kan harafin "da", kamar yadda a bugu na baya:
Lura cewa Google Translate yana goyan bayan zaɓi na ƙarshe, kuma idan kun shigar da kalmar "polyphony" a cikin ginshiƙi na fassarar kuma danna gunkin lasifikar, za ku ji ƙarara a cikin harafin ƙarshe "da". ikon magana da'irar da ja a cikin hoton:
Yanzu da muka fahimci, a gaba ɗaya, menene polyphony da yadda ake furta wannan kalma daidai, zamu iya shiga cikin batun.
Asalin da ci gaban polyphony
Polyphony wani lamari ne mai rikitarwa a cikin kiɗa, kuma yana da halayensa a cikin al'adu daban-daban. Don haka, a cikin ƙasashen Gabas, da farko polyphony yana da tushen kayan aiki galibi. Wato, kayan kida masu kida da yawa, da gungun zare, da rakiyar waka sun yadu a wurin. A cikin ƙasashen Yamma, yawan yin waƙar polyphony ya kasance ana yawan magana. Waƙar waƙa ce, gami da acapella (ba tare da rakiyar kiɗa ba).
Ci gaban polyphony a farkon matakin yawanci ana kiranta kalmar "heterophony", watau dissonance. Don haka, a cikin karni na 7, an fara amfani da al'adar ƙara murya ɗaya, biyu ko fiye da sautin waƙoƙin chorale, watau waƙar liturgical.
A cikin zamanin Tsakiyar Tsakiyar Tsakiya da Renaissance, motet ya zama tartsatsi - muryoyin murya da yawa. Ba chorale ba ne tare da babban tsarin muryoyin a cikin mafi kyawun sigarsa. Wannan ya riga ya kasance aikin murya mai rikitarwa, kodayake abubuwan da ke cikin chorale suna da hankali sosai a ciki. Gabaɗaya, motet ɗin ya zama nau'in kiɗan kiɗan da ya mamaye al'adun coci da waƙa na duniya.
Waƙar coci kuma ta ci gaba ta fasaha. Don haka, a tsakiyar zamanai, abin da ake kira Mass Katolika ya zama tartsatsi. Ya dogara ne akan canjin solo da sassan choral. Gabaɗaya, talakawa da motets na ƙarni na 15-16 sun yi amfani da duk arsenal na polyphony maimakon rayayye. An halicci yanayi ta hanyar haɓakawa da rage yawan sauti, haɗuwa daban-daban na manyan muryoyin murya da ƙananan murya, a hankali haɗawa da muryoyin mutum ɗaya ko ƙungiyoyin muryoyin.
An samu wata al'ada ta waka ta duniya ta musamman. Don haka, a cikin karni na 16, irin wannan tsarin waƙa kamar mandrigal yana samun karɓuwa. Wannan aiki ne na murya biyu ko uku, a matsayin ka'ida, na abun ciki na waƙar soyayya. Farkon wannan al'adar waka ya bayyana tun a karni na 14, amma a lokacin ba su sami ci gaba sosai ba. Madrigals na karni na 16-17 suna da nau'i-nau'i iri-iri, 'yancin yin amfani da murya, yin amfani da daidaitawa (canzawa zuwa wani maɓalli a ƙarshen aikin).
Kalmar "richcar" ta fito ne daga rechercher na Faransa, wanda ke nufin "bincike" (tuna da sanannen Cherchez la femme?) Kuma, dangane da kiɗa, ana iya fassara shi ta hanyoyi daban-daban. Da farko, kalmar tana nufin binciken innation, daga baya - bincike da haɓaka dalilai. Shahararrun shahararrun nau'ikan richecar sune yanki don clavier, wani yanki na kayan aiki ko kayan sauti na murya.
An samo mafi tsufan mota a cikin tarin wasan kwaikwayo da aka buga a 1540 a Venice. An samo wasu guda 4 don clavier a cikin tarin ayyukan da mawaki Girolamo Cavazzoni ya buga, wanda aka buga a 1543. Mafi shahararren shine 6-murya mai arziki daga Bach's Musical Offering, wanda babban gwani ya rubuta a farkon karni na 18.
Ya kamata a lura cewa salo da waƙar waƙar polyphony sun riga sun kasance a cikin waɗannan shekarun suna da alaƙa da rubutu. Don haka, don rubutun kalmomi, waƙoƙi suna da halaye, kuma ga gajeren kalmomi - karatun. A ka'ida, za a iya rage haɓakar al'adun polyphony zuwa yanayin polyphonic guda biyu.
Hanyoyin Polyphonic na Tsakiyar Zamani:
| ✔ | M wasiƙa (tsarin salo) - tsauraran ƙa'idodin ka'idodin waƙar waƙa da muryar da ke jagorantar tushen hanyoyin diatonic. An yi amfani da shi musamman a cikin kiɗan coci. |
| ✔ | wasiƙar kyauta (Salon kyauta) - babban sauye-sauye a cikin ka'idodin gina karin waƙoƙi da jagorancin murya, amfani da manyan da ƙananan hanyoyi. An yi amfani da shi musamman a cikin kiɗan duniya. |
Kun koyi game da frets a cikin darasi na baya, don haka yanzu kun fahimci abin da ke cikin gungumen azaba. Wannan shine mafi yawan bayanai game da ci gaban al'adun polyphony. Ana iya samun ƙarin cikakkun bayanai game da tarihin samuwar polyphony a cikin al'adu daban-daban da kuma yanayin sautin murya a cikin wallafe-wallafen ilimi na musamman akan hanya "Polyphony" [T. Muller, 1989. A can kuma za ku iya samun waƙar takarda don guntun kiɗan na zamani kuma, idan kuna sha'awar, koyi ƴan sassan murya da kayan aiki. Af, idan ba ku san yadda ake rera waƙa ba tukuna, amma kuna son koyo, zaku iya ɗaukar matakai na farko zuwa ƙwarewar murya ta hanyar nazarin kwas ɗinmu “Haɓaka Murya da Magana”.
Yanzu ne lokacin da za mu ci gaba zuwa dabarun da ake amfani da su wajen yin waƙa don ƙarin fahimtar yadda ake ƙirƙirar waƙar waƙa guda ɗaya.
Dabarun polyphonic
A cikin kowane kwas ɗin horo na polyphony, zaku iya samun irin wannan kalmar azaman maƙasudi. Ya fito daga kalmar Latin punctum contra punctum, wanda ke nufin "maki akan batu". Ko, dangane da kiɗa, "bayanin kula da bayanin kula", "waƙar waƙa".
Wannan ba ya canza gaskiyar cewa kalmar “counterpoint” tana da ma’anoni daban-daban. Kuma yanzu bari mu dubi 'yan asali dabaru na polyphony.
kwaikwayo na
Kwaikwaya ita ce lokacin da murya ta biyu (mai kwaikwayo) ta haɗu da sautin monophonic na farko bayan ɗan lokaci, wanda ke maimaita sautin da aka yi a baya akan rubutu iri ɗaya ko na daban. A tsari yana kama kamar haka:
Bari mu fayyace cewa kalmar “kishiyar” da aka yi amfani da ita a cikin zanen murya ce da ke rakiyar wata murya a cikin waƙar polyphonic. Harmonic consonance yana samuwa ta amfani da dabaru daban-daban: ƙarin kari, canjin salon waƙa, da sauransu.
Kwaikwayo na Canonical
Canonical, shi ma ci gaba da kwaikwayi ne - dabarar da ta fi rikitarwa wacce ba kawai an sake maimaita sautin da aka yi a baya ba, har ma da ƙari. Haka abin yake yayi kama da tsari:
Kalmar “hanyoyi”, waɗanda kuke gani akan zane, kawai tana nufin sassan maimaitawa na kwaikwayi na canonical. A cikin kwatancin da ke sama, mun ga abubuwa 3 na muryar farko, waɗanda muryar kwaikwayi ta maimaita su. Don haka akwai mahaɗi guda 3.
Canon na ƙarshe kuma mara iyaka
Ƙimar iyaka da canon marar iyaka iri-iri ne na kwaikwayi na canonical. Canon marar iyaka ya ƙunshi dawo da ainihin kayan a wani lokaci a lokaci. Canon na ƙarshe bai samar da irin wannan dawowar ba. Hoton da ke sama yana nuna bambance-bambancen canon na ƙarshe. Kuma yanzu bari mu gani me canon mara iyaka yayi kama, kuma ku fahimci bambancin:
Bari mu fayyace cewa canon marar iyaka na nau'in 1st yana nufin kwaikwayi tare da haɗin gwiwa 2, kuma canon mara iyaka na rukuni na 2 shine kwaikwayo tare da adadin hanyoyin haɗin gwiwa daga 3 ko fiye.
M jerin
Jeri mai sauƙi shine motsi na nau'in polyphonic zuwa wani farar daban, yayin da rabo (tazara) tsakanin sassan sassan kashi. baya canzawa:
Don haka, a cikin zane, harafin "A" yana nufin muryar farko, harafin "B" yana nuna muryar kwaikwayo, kuma lambobi 1 da 2 suna nuna ƙaura na farko da na biyu na nau'in polyphonic.
Rikicin madaidaici
Matsakaicin maɗaukakiyar hanya ce mai haɗaɗɗiyar fasaha wacce ta haɗu da dabaru da yawa waɗanda ke ba ku damar ƙirƙirar sabbin wakoki daga asalin polyphony ta hanyar canza rabon muryoyin ko yin canje-canje ga waƙoƙin da suka haɗa da ainihin polyphony.
Iri-iri masu rikitarwa:
Dangane da alkiblar juzu'i na muryoyin daɗaɗɗa, a tsaye, a kwance da ninki biyu (lokaci guda a tsaye da kwance) ana rarrabe wuraren da za a iya motsi.
A gaskiya ma, ƙima mai wahala kawai ana kiransa "rikitarwa". Idan kun yi aiki ta hanyar kayan darasin horo na kunne na gaba da kyau, zaku iya gane wannan fasaha ta polyphonic ta kunne.
Waɗannan su ne wasu daga cikin mafi sauƙin dabarun muryoyin murya don mawaƙa don fahimta. Za ka iya ƙarin koyo game da wadannan da kuma sauran polyphonic dabaru daga littafin da musicologist, memba na Union of Composers na Rasha, m memba na Petrovsky Academy of Sciences da Arts Valentina Osipova "Polyphony. Fasahar Polyphonic" [V. Osipova, 2006].
Bayan mun yi nazari kan wasu fasahohin da ake amfani da su wajen yin waken-kadi, zai yi mana sauki wajen fahimtar yadda ake rarraba nau’in wariyar launin fata.
Nau'in polyphony
Akwai manyan nau'ikan polyphony guda 4. Kowane nau'in yana dogara ne akan wani nau'in fasahar polyphonic. Sunayen nau'ikan polyphony a mafi yawan lokuta suna magana da kansu.
Menene nau'ikan polyphony?
| 1 | kwaikwayo na – nau'in polyphony wanda muryoyi daban-daban ke bi da su suna yin waƙa iri ɗaya. Polyphony na kwaikwayo ya ƙunshi hanyoyi daban-daban na kwaikwayo. |
| 2 | subvocal - nau'in polyphony, inda babban waƙa da bambancinsa, abin da ake kira echoes, sauti lokaci guda. Amsoshin na iya samun nau'ikan magana daban-daban da 'yancin kai, amma dole ne su yi biyayya ga babban layi. |
| 3 | Nuna bambanci (bambanci-duhu) - nau'in polyphony, inda aka haɗa nau'i-nau'i daban-daban kuma masu bambanta sosai a cikin sauti na kowa. Ana jaddada bambanci ta hanyar bambance-bambance a cikin rhyths, accent, climaxes, gudun motsin guntun waƙa, da sauran hanyoyi. Hakazalika, haɗin kai da haɗin kai na waƙar ana samar da su ta hanyar jimlar tonality da haɗin kai. |
| 4 | boye – wani nau’in nau’in sautin ringi, wanda layin waqoqin monophonic, kamar yadda yake, ya watse zuwa wasu layukan da dama, kowannensu yana da nasa sha’awa ta qasa. |
Kuna iya karanta ƙarin game da kowane nau'in polyphony a cikin littafin "Polyphony. Fasahar Polyphonic" [V. Osipova, 2006], don haka mun bar shi ga hankalin ku. Mun zo kusa da irin wannan muhimmin batu ga kowane mawaƙi da mawaƙa kamar haɗakar kiɗa.
Kayan yau da kullun na haɗa kiɗan
Manufar “polyphony” tana da alaƙa kai tsaye da haɗa kiɗa da samun waƙar sauti mai ƙarewa. Tun da farko mun koyi cewa polyphony yana nufin ka'idar ƙara sautuna (muryoyi da karin waƙa) bisa tushen daidaiton aiki. Wannan shine abin da ake kira polyphony, watau sautunan lokaci ɗaya na karin waƙa biyu ko fiye da / ko muryoyi. Polyphony yana nuna haɗin jituwa na muryoyin masu zaman kansu da yawa da / ko karin waƙa a cikin yanki ɗaya na kiɗa.
A taƙaice, haɗa kiɗa iri ɗaya ne, akan kwamfuta kawai, ba akan ma'aikatan kiɗa ba. Haɗin kai kuma ya haɗa da hulɗar aƙalla layukan kida biyu - muryoyin murya da “waƙa ta goyan baya” ko rakiya na kayan kiɗan. Idan akwai kayan aiki da yawa, haɗakarwa ta zama ƙungiyar hulɗar layukan waƙoƙi da yawa, kowannensu na iya kasancewa ko dai ya ci gaba da kasancewa a cikin dukan aikin, ko kuma ya bayyana kuma ya ɓace lokaci-lokaci.
Idan ka sake komawa kadan kuma ka sake duba tsarin wakilci na fasahar polyphonic, za ka ga abubuwa da yawa tare da haɗin gwiwar yawancin shirye-shiryen kwamfuta da aka tsara don aiki tare da sauti. Kamar yadda aka kwatanta yawancin fasahohin polyphonic bisa ga tsarin “murya ɗaya – waƙa ɗaya”, shirye-shiryen sarrafa sauti suna da waƙa dabam ga kowane layin waƙoƙi. Wannan shine mafi sauƙin sigar haɗa waƙoƙi biyu zai yi kama a cikin SoundForge:
Saboda haka, idan kana bukatar ka Mix, misali, murya, lantarki guitar, bass guitar, synthesizer da ganguna, za a yi 5 waƙoƙi. Kuma idan kuna buƙatar yin rikodin ƙungiyar makaɗa na studio, za a riga an sami waƙoƙin dozin da yawa, ɗaya don kowane kayan aiki.
Tsarin hada kiɗan ba wai kawai bin bayanan kiɗan bane da ainihin wurin farkon da ƙarshen layin kiɗan dangane da juna. Ko da yake wannan ba shi da sauƙi, idan akwai da yawa na goma sha shida, talatin da biyu da kuma sittin da hudu bayanin kula a cikin rikodin, wanda ya fi wuya a buga fiye da lamba.
Tabbas, dole ne mai samar da sauti ya ji kuma ya kawar da abubuwan da ke tattare da sautin da ba su da kyau waɗanda za su iya fitowa ko da lokacin yin rikodi a cikin ɗaki mai kyau, ba tare da ambaton rikodin da aka yi a gida ba ko, akasin haka, yayin wasan kwaikwayo. Ko da yake, rikodi kai tsaye kuma na iya zama da inganci sosai.
Misali shine kundi mai rai HAARP na ƙungiyar rock na Burtaniya Muse. An yi rikodin rikodin a filin wasa na Wembley. Sa'an nan, tare da bambanci na rana 1, 2 concert na kungiyar ya faru: Yuni 16 da 17. Abin sha'awa shine, ga sigar sauti a CD, sun ɗauki rikodin ranar 16 ga Yuni, kuma ga sigar bidiyo akan DVD, sun yi amfani da su. rikodin kide kide, wanda aka yi ranar 17 ga Yuni, 2007:
A kowane hali, injiniyan sauti ko mai samar da sauti dole ne ya yi aiki tuƙuru don mayar da ko da ingantaccen rikodin rikodi na polyphony zuwa cikakken aikin da aka gama. Wannan hakika tsari ne mai ƙirƙira wanda dole ne ku yi la'akari da nuances da yawa. Amma, kamar yadda muka sha gani, kiɗa yana bayyana ta takamaiman nau'ikan ƙididdiga - hertz, decibels, da sauransu. Kuma akwai ma'auni don haɗakar waƙa mai inganci, kuma ana amfani da dabaru na fasaha da na zahiri a wurin.
Ma'auni don ingantaccen rikodin sauti
Wadannan ka'idoji sun samo asali ne daga Ƙungiyar Ƙasa ta Duniya don Talabijin da Watsa shirye-shiryen Rediyo (OIRT), wadda ta wanzu a cikin rabin na biyu na karni na 20, kuma ana kiran su da OIRT Protocol, kuma tanade-tanaden Yarjejeniyar har yanzu suna ɗaukar tsari da yawa a matsayin tushe. don tantance ingancin rikodin sauti. Bari mu ɗan yi la'akari da wane ma'auni mai inganci ya kamata ya cika bisa ga wannan ka'ida.
Bayanin tanadi na OIRT Protocol:
1 | sarari bugu - an fahimci cewa rikodi ya kamata ya yi sauti mai girma da na halitta, sautin kada ya nutsar da sautin, ra'ayoyin reverberation da sauran tasiri na musamman kada su tsoma baki tare da fahimtar kiɗa. |
2 | Nuna gaskiya - yana nuna fahimtar kalmomin waƙar da bambancin sautin kowane kayan aikin da ke shiga cikin rikodin. |
3 | m balance - rabo mai dadi na ƙarar muryoyin da kayan aiki, sassa daban-daban na aikin. |
4 | Girma - jin daɗin sauti na katako na muryoyi da kayan kida, yanayin haɗuwa da su. |
5 | Sitiriyo - yana nuna ma'auni na matsayi na sigina kai tsaye da tunani, daidaituwa da yanayin yanayin wurin tushen sauti. |
6 | Quality m image – rashin lahani, karkatacciyar hanya, tsangwama, hayaniya mara kyau. |
7 | Nunawa kisa - buga bayanin kula, kari, lokaci, innation daidai, kyakkyawan aikin haɗin gwiwa. An ba da izinin karkata daga ɗan lokaci da kari don cimma babban fa'idar fasaha. |
8 | Matsakaicin ƙarfi - yana nuna rabon sigina mai amfani da amo, rabon matakin sauti a kololuwa da sassan mafi natsuwa na rikodi, daidaitattun abubuwan da suka dace da yanayin sauraron da ake sa ran. |
Ana ƙididdige bin ka'idojin yarjejeniya akan ma'auni 5. An fi bin ka'idar OIRT a hankali wajen kimanta kidan gargajiya, jama'a da jazz. Don kiɗan lantarki, pop da rock, babu wata yarjejeniya guda ɗaya don tantance ingancin sauti, kuma tanade-tanade na OIRT Protocol sun fi nasiha a yanayi. Wata hanya ko wata, don yin rikodi mai inganci, ana buƙatar wasu yanayi na fasaha. Bari mu yi magana game da su dalla-dalla.
Goyon bayan sana'a
A sama, mun riga mun fara magana game da gaskiyar cewa don sakamako mai kyau na ƙarshe, kayan tushe mai mahimmanci yana da mahimmanci. Don haka, don yin rikodin jazz mai inganci, na gargajiya da kiɗan jama'a, ana amfani da rikodi akan microphones na sitiriyo sau da yawa, wanda daga baya baya buƙatar haɗuwa. A haƙiƙa, ana amfani da na'urorin haɗawa na analog, dijital ko kama-da-wane (suma masu haɗawa ne) don haɗawa. Ana amfani da mabiyoyi don haɗar waƙa ta kama-da-wane.
Abubuwan buƙatun fasaha don kwamfuta galibi ana tsara su ta masu kera shirye-shiryen kwamfuta don aiki da sauti. Don haka, zaku iya bincika na'urar ku don biyan buƙatun lokacin da kuka yanke shawarar zaɓin software. Ya zuwa yau, akwai shahararrun shirye-shirye don sarrafa sauti da haɗa sauti.
Sauti
Na farko, an riga an ambata a sama Sauti. Ya dace saboda yana da saitin ayyukan sarrafa sauti na asali, kuma kuna iya samun sigar harshen Rashanci kyauta [MoiProgrammy.net, 2020]:
Idan kuna buƙatar fahimtar fassarar Ingilishi, akwai cikakken bayanin [B. Kairov, 2018].
Audacity
Na biyu, wani dace kuma mara rikitarwa shirin harshen Rashanci Audacity [Audacity, 2020]:
Baya ga sigar kyauta, zaku iya samun jagora mai ma'ana don shi [Audacity 2.2.2, 2018].
Dehumaniser 2
Abu na uku, masu haɓaka wasannin kwamfuta da matsananciyar murya suna ƙauna. Dehumaniser 2. Keɓancewar ke cikin Ingilishi kuma a bayyane ya fi rikitarwa, amma kuna iya gano shi:
Kuma ba kawai zai zama haɗuwa ba, har ma da dama don ƙirar sauti [Krotos, 2020].
Abubuwan Cubase
Na hudu, yana da kyau a kula da shirin Abubuwan Cubase [Cubale Elements, 2020]. A can, ban da daidaitattun saitin ayyuka, akwai kuma gunkin maɓalli wanda zai ba ka damar ƙirƙirar waƙa "daga karce" ko "kawo a hankali" rikodi da aka yi a baya, yin amfani da fasahar polyphonic da aka koya a baya a aikace:
Kafin ka fara, yi nazarin bayyani na ayyukan shirin [A. Olenchikov, 2017.
Effectrix
Kuma a ƙarshe, wannan shine jerin abubuwan sakamako Effectrix. Don yin aiki da shi, kuna buƙatar ɗan gogewa, amma yana da kyau a lura da wannan shirin a yanzu, saboda tare da yin aiki na yau da kullun, ƙwarewa za ta zo nan ba da jimawa ba [Sugar Bytes, 2020]:
Kuna iya ƙarin koyo daga labarin "Shirye-shiryen hada kiɗa da murya", inda ake la'akari da shirye-shiryen dozin guda, gami da na ƙwararrun mawaƙa da DJs [V. Kairov, 2020]. Kuma yanzu bari muyi magana game da shirya don haɗuwa da waƙa.
Mixing shiri da hadawa tsari
Mafi kyawun shirye-shiryen ku, mafi sauri da mafi kyawun haɗin zai kasance. Ba wai kawai goyon bayan fasaha ba, wurin aiki mai dadi da haske mai inganci. Yana da mahimmanci a yi la'akari da al'amurran kungiya da dama, da kuma siffofi na aikin kwakwalwar kwakwalwa. Gabaɗaya, lura…
Yadda ake shirya don tsarin hadawa:
| ✔ | Yi lakabin duk tushen fayilolin mai jiwuwa don ya bayyana inda komai yake. Ba wai kawai 01, 02, 03 da kuma bayan ba, amma "murya", "bass", "ganguna", "layin goyan baya" da sauransu. |
| ✔ | Saka belun kunne kuma cire dannawa da hannu ko tare da software mai tsaftace sauti. Ko da kuna amfani da shirye-shirye, duba sakamakon ta kunne. Ya kamata a yi wannan aikin na yau da kullum kafin fara aikin ƙirƙira. daban-daban hemispheres na kwakwalwa suna da alhakin ƙirƙira da hankali, kuma sauyawa tsakanin matakai na yau da kullum zai rage ingancin duka biyu. Kuna iya zaɓar shirin a cikin bita "Mafi kyawun filogi na 7 da shirye-shirye don tsaftace sauti daga amo" [Arefyevstudio, 2018]. |
| ✔ | Daidaita ƙarar ta hanyar sauraron rikodin a cikin mono farko. Wannan zai ba ku damar gano rashin daidaituwar ƙara da sauri a cikin sautin kayan kida da muryoyi daban-daban. |
| ✔ | Daidaita duk masu daidaitawa don inganta ma'aunin mitar. Ka tuna cewa saitin mai daidaitawa yana rinjayar aikin ƙara. Saboda haka, bayan kunnawa, sake duba ma'aunin ƙarar. |
Fara tsarin hadawa tare da ganguna, saboda sun mamaye wani muhimmin sashi na kewayon mitar daga ƙananan (bass drum) zuwa manyan mitoci (cymbals). Sai kawai bayan haka matsawa zuwa wasu kayan kida da muryoyin murya. Bayan haɗa manyan kayan aikin, ƙara, idan an tsara shi, sakamako na musamman (echo, murdiya, daidaitawa, matsawa, da sauransu).
Bayan haka, kuna buƙatar ƙirƙirar hoton sitiriyo, watau shirya duk sautunan a cikin filin sitiriyo. Bayan haka, daidaita tsari, idan ya cancanta, kuma fara aiki akan zurfin sautin. Don yin wannan, ƙara jinkiri da sake maimaita sautunan, amma ba da yawa ba, in ba haka ba zai "danna kunnuwa" na masu sauraro.
Lokacin da aka gama, duba ƙarar, EQ, saitunan tasiri kuma sake daidaitawa idan ya cancanta. Gwada waƙar da aka gama a cikin ɗakin studio, sannan akan na'urori daban-daban: gudanar da fayil ɗin mai jiwuwa akan wayoyinku, kwamfutar hannu, saurare shi a cikin motar ku. Idan a ko'ina ana jin sautin al'ada, to duk abin da aka yi daidai!
Idan kun ci karo da yawancin kalmomin da ba ku sani ba, karanta littafin "Tsarin Sautin Kwamfuta" [A. Zagumennov, 2011]. Kada ku ji kunyar cewa ana yin la'akari da yawa akan misalin tsoffin nau'ikan shirye-shiryen kwamfuta. Dokokin kimiyyar lissafi ba su canza ba tun lokacin. Wadanda suka riga sun gwada hannunsu don yin aiki tare da shirye-shiryen haɗakar sauti za a iya ba da shawarar karantawa game da "Kurakurai lokacin da ake haɗa kiɗa", wanda a lokaci guda yana ba da shawarwari kan yadda za a guji su [I. Evsyukov, 2018.
Idan kun sami sauƙin fahimtar bayanin kai tsaye, kuna iya gani horon bidiyo akan wannan batu:
A lokacin aikin hadawa, ana ba da shawarar yin ɗan gajeren hutu kowane minti 45. Wannan yana da amfani ba kawai ga lafiyar ku ba, har ma don maido da haƙƙin haƙƙin ji na ji. Kunnen kiɗa yana da mahimmanci sosai don haɗuwa mai inganci. Dukkan darasinmu na gaba ya ta'allaka ne kan haɓaka kunne don kiɗa, amma a yanzu muna ba ku damar cin jarrabawar ƙwarewar kayan aikin wannan darasi.
Gwajin fahimtar darasi
Idan kuna son gwada ilimin ku akan maudu'in wannan darasi, zaku iya ɗaukar ɗan gajeren gwaji wanda ya ƙunshi tambayoyi da yawa. Zaɓin 1 kawai zai iya zama daidai ga kowace tambaya. Bayan ka zaɓi ɗaya daga cikin zaɓuɓɓukan, tsarin zai ci gaba ta atomatik zuwa tambaya ta gaba. Makiyoyin da kuke karɓa suna shafar daidaitattun amsoshinku da lokacin da kuka kashe don wucewa. Lura cewa tambayoyin sun bambanta kowane lokaci, kuma zaɓuɓɓukan suna shuffled.
Kuma yanzu mun juya zuwa ci gaban kunnen kiɗa.
Za ka iya kuma son
Ƙara da raguwa tazara: yadda za a gina su?
Ƙimar ƙima da ƙima na tazara
